study guide Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
the ______ phase of the ovarian cycle prepares follicle to release mature egg
A
follicular
2
Q
during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, the anterior pituitary gland releases _____ and ____
A
FSH
LH
3
Q
_____ stimulates follicle growth to produce estrogen
A
FSH
4
Q
FSH stimulates follicle growth to produce ______
A
estrogen
5
Q
as _____ increases in the follicular phase, FSH decreases
A
estrogen
6
Q
as estrogen increases in the follicular phase, _____ decreases
A
FSH
7
Q
just before ovulation a _____ _____ completes 1st meiotic cell division
A
mature oocyte
8
Q
the ____ phase of the ovarian cycle is fixed at 14 days
A
luteal
9
Q
the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle is fixed at ____ days
A
14
10
Q
____ and ____ level usually lowest during luteal phase
A
FSH
LH
11
Q
FSH and LH levels usually lowest during _____ phase
A
luteal
12
Q
______ phase begins at ovulation
A
luteal
13
Q
luteal phase begins at ______
A
ovulation
14
Q
during _____ phase of ovarian cycle, Graafian follicle turns into corpus lute
A
luteal
15
Q
during luteal phase of ovarian cycle, Graafian follicle turns into _____ _______
A
corpus luteum
16
Q
during luteal phase, ______ ____ produces progesterone
A
corpus luteum
17
Q
during luteal phase, corpus luteum produces _______
A
progesterone
18
Q
_____ occurs 7-10 days after ovulation
A
implantation
19
Q
implantation occurs ____-____ days after ovulation
A
7-10
20
Q
the _____ phase is the sloughing off of endometrium in response to hormonal changes
A
menstrual
21
Q
during the menstrual phase, _____ levels decrease
A
estrogen
22
Q
during the _____ phase estrogen levels decrease
A
menstrual
23
Q
the ____ phase occurs 14 days after ovulation
A
menstrual
24
Q
the menstrual phase occurs ____ days after ovulation
A
14
25
the _____ phase is a period of rapid growth in response to increasing estrogen levels
proliferative
26
the proliferative phase is a period of rapid growth in response to increasing ______ levels
estrogen
27
____ levels reach peak right before ovulation
estrogen
28
estrogen levels reach peak just before ______
ovulation
29
during the proliferative phase, cervical mucosa becomes _____ and ______, making it more favorable to sperm
thin
alkaline
30
during the proliferative phase, _____ increases in thickness
endometrium
31
during the proliferative phase, the endometrium increases in ______
thickness
32
the ____ phase follows ovulation to about 3 days before next period
secretory
33
the secretory phase follows _____ to about 3 days before next period
ovulation
34
during the _____ phase thee are very high levels of progesterone
secretory
35
during the secretory phase there are very high levels of _______
progesterone
36
during the secretory phase, _____ levels drop sharply
estrogen
37
during the ______ phase, estrogen levels drop sharply
secretory
38
during the secretory phase, _______ causes marked swelling and growth in the endometrium
progesterone
39
during the secretory phase, progesterone causes marked ____ and _____ in the endometrium
swelling
growth
40
during the secretory phase, progesterone causes marked swelling and growth in the _________
endometrium
41
the _____ phase of the menstrual cycle only occurs if fertilization doesn't occur
ischemic
42
the ischemic phase lasts ___-____ days
1-2
43
the _____ phase lasts 1-2 days
ischemic
44
during the ischemic phase, the _____ _____ begins to degenerate
corpus luteum
45
when the corpus luteum degenerates in the ischemic phase, ____ and ______ levels fall
estrogen
progesterone
46
during the ____ phase, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate
ischemic
47
during the ____ phase, estrogen and progesterone levels fall
ischemic
48
______ takes place in the ampulla of the fallopian tubes
fertilization
49
fertilization takes place where?
ampulla of fallopian tubes
50
sperm can survive in female reproductive tract for _____-____ hours
48-72
51
with the help of ______, zygote begins cellular multiplication while in fallopian tube
estrogen
52
_______ occurs on 7th to 10th day
implantation
53
implantation occurs on ___-___ day
7th-10th
54
during implantation, _____ makes fundus ideal for egg
progesterone
55
egg ideally implants on ____ side of fundus
posterior
56
_____ is the hormone of pregnancy
progesterone
57
corpus luteum secretes _____ and _____
estrogen
progesterone
58
______ is found is greatest amount is secretory phase
progesterone
59
progesterone is found is greatest amount in ______ phase of menstrual cycle
secretory
60
_____ decreases uterine motility and contractility to prepare uterus for implantation
progesterone
61
progesterone decreases uterine _____ and ________ to prepare uterus for implantation
motility
contractility
62
_____ causes endometrium to increase supply for glycogen, arterial blood, secretory glands, amino acids, and water
progesterone
63
______ makes vaginal epithelium proliferate
progesterone
64
progesterone causes ____ ______ to proliferate
vaginal epithelium
65
______ influences cervix to secrete thick, viscous mucus
progesterone
66
progesterone influences cervix to secrete _____, _____ mucus
thick
vicious
67
temp rise during ovulation is due to _______
progesterone
68
______ assist in the maturation of ovarian follicle every month
estrogen
69
estrogen assists in maturation of _______ each month
follicle
70
________ causes endometrium to proliferate following menstruation
estrogen
71
estrogen causes the ______ to proliferate following menstruation
endometrium
72
______ causes uterus to increase in size and weight
estrogen
73
estrogen causes uterus to increase in _____ and ______
size
weight
74
______ increase myometrial contractility during delivery
estrogen
75
estrogen increases ______ contractility during delivery
myometrial
76
______ increases sensitivity to oxytocin
estrogen
77
estrogen increases sensitivity to _______
oxytocin
78
_____ causes a + pregnancy test
hcg
79
______ is the hormone released from egg a few days after fertilization
hcg
80
_____ is needed to maintain the corpus luteum
hcg
81
hcg is needed to maintain the
______ _____
corpus luteum
82
______ and _____ are lowest during the luteal phase
FSH
LH
82
FSH and LH are lowest in _______ phase of ovarian cycle
luteal
83
_____ stimulates follicle to produce estrogen
FSH
84
FSH stimulates follicle to produce _______
estrogen
85
____ is highest during the 1st week of follicular phase
FSH
86
when is FSH highest?
1st week of follicular phase
87
______ is responsible for tissue repair, growth, and development
mitosis
88
_____ makes growth and development possible
mitosis
89
the result of mitosis is _____ cells
diploid
90
the result of meiosis is ______ number of chromosomes
haploid
91
____ produces an exact copy of original cells
mitosis
92
how many stages does mitosis have?
1
93
_____ is the precursor to development
meiosis
94
_____ happens before conception
meiosis
95
the process of _____ produces reproductive cells
meiosis
96
the process of meiosis produces _______ cells
reproductive
97
____ twins have 2 separate eggs
dizygotic
98
______ twins have 1 egg where a single ovum divides
monozygotic
99
how many umbilical arteries are there?
2
100
how many umbilical veins are there?
1
101
the umbilical arteries carry ______ and
_____ blood away from fetus
waste
deoxygenated
102
the umbilical vein carries _____ blood and _______ from the placenta to fetus
oxygenated
nutrients
103
at ___ weeks the heart begins to beat
4
104
the fetus is most vulnerable to teratogens during which week?
week 5
105
by _____ weeks all organs are formed
8
106
by 8 weeks all _____ are formed
organs
107
at ___ weeks heartbeat can be heard on ultrasound
12
108
at ____ weeks the sex can be seen
16
109
at ____ weeks quickening can be felt
20
110
at ____ weeks the baby starts to practice breathing
24
111
at ____ weeks eyes open and close
28
112
weeks ____-____ are a period of rapid growth
13-16
113
during weeks _____- _____ lanugo begins to develop
13-16
114
during weeks 13-16 _____ begins to develop
lanugo
115
at ___ weeks vernix caesosa covers fetus
20
116
at 20 weeks ___ _______ covers fetus
vernix caesosa
117
at ___ weeks muscles are well developed
20
118
at 20 weeks _____ are well developed
muscles
119
what reflexes are present at 24 weeks?
grasp and startle
120
grasp and startle reflexes are present at _____ weeks
24
121
alveoli in lungs begin to form at ____ weeks
24
122
at _____ weeks a fetus may be viable if born
24
123
at ____ weeks every organ system and external structure is present
8
124
at _____ week the lungs begin to produce surfactant
24
125
lanugo begins to disappear at how many weeks?
36
126
papillary reflex present at ____ weeks
30
127
____ are fully developed at 30 weeks
bones
128
deficiency in ____ ______ can cause neural tube defects
folic acid
129
deficiency in folic acid can cause _____ _____ defects
neural tube
130
inadequate maternal nutrition of ____ ____ , _____ and _____ acids can lead to learning disabilities
glucose
amino acids
fatty acids
131
inadequate maternal nutrition of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids can lead to ______ ________
learning disabilities
132
maternal hyperthermia during 1st trimester can lead to possible _____ defects and failure of neural tube closure
CNS
133
maternal hyperthermia during 1st trimester can lead to possible CNS defects and failure of _______ ______ closure
neural tube
134
the _____ _____ constricts when the cord is clamped
ductus venous
135
the _____ ______ closes when the infant takes its first breath
forman ovale
136
the _____ ______ is the opening between the left and right atrium
forman ovale
137
the _____ ______ constricts as arterial o2 rises
ductus arteriosus
138
