Study guide 60, 61, 62 Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
- Which anomalies, significant narrow chest diameter?
A
Asphyxiating thoracic dystrohpy
2
Q
- Most important determinate for fetal viability
A
Pulmonary development
3
Q
Marjority of the heart is positioned in the midline and left chest
Apex of the heart should be directed toward the spleen
*base of the heart lies horizontal to the diaphragm
A
- Sonographic evaluate of normal thorax. What should it include?
4
Q
- Chest circumference are made in trans plane at the level
A
4 chamber view of the heart
5
Q
Most prominent in the second and third trimesters
Mature fetus spends 1/3 of time breathing
*is present if the fetal chest of abdomen makes seesaw movements for 20 seconds
A
- Fetal breathing
6
Q
- Cardiac accesses, know the degrees
A
45 degrees
7
Q
Renal agenesis
Premature rupture of membranes
*Posterior urethral valve syndrome
A
- Known common abnormalities associated with pulmonary hyperplasia
8
Q
Type 1: Single or multiple large cysts 2cm in diameter; good prognosis after rescetion of affected lung
Type 2: Multiple small cysts,
A
- Sonographic findings for CAM
9
Q
- Diaphragmatic herniation, anteriomedial foramen
A
Morgagni
10
Q
- Lung cyst is the most common
A
Bronchogenic cyst
11
Q
- Severity of pulmonary hyperplasisa is determined by what
A
Depends.onwhen it occurred during pregnancy
12
Q
- Supernumerary of the lobe is called what
A
Pulmonary sequestration
13
Q
Ribs form the lateral margin of the chest. Clavicles form the upper margin of the chest *Thoracic cavity is symmetric and bell shaped
A
- Normal sonographic appearance of a fetal chest
14
Q
- Appearance of fetal lung on ultrasound
A
Homogeneous with moderate echogenicity
15
Q
- If you see pleural fluid, what should you be looking for
A
diaphragm
16
Q
Echogenic solid mass resembling lung tissue
Rarely occurs below diaphragm
Associated with hydrops and polyhydramnios, diaphragmatic hernia, gastrointestinal anomalies
Normal intra-abdominal anatomy
A
- Pulmonary sequestration, sonographic findings-
17
Q
- Congenital bronchial atresia, common location
A
left upper lobe
18
Q
- Most common type of diagrammatic defect
A
Posterior-laterally throigh the foramen of bochdalek (p 1320 JNO)
19
Q
- Mortality rate at birth for a diaphragmatic hernia
A
high (75%) p 1322
20
Q
- Diaphragmatic hernia is frequently associated with
A
Talipes(pg 1321)
cardiac defect
*vertebral defect
21
Q
- Pleural fluid, what could happen?
A
Look for mediastinal shift
22
Q
- Rupture of amnion that leads to tangle or entrapment
A
Amniotic band syndrome
23
Q
- Rupture of amnion that leads to tangle or entrapment
A
Amniotic band syndrome
24
Q
- Defect in the lower abdominal wall of the bladder
A
Cloacal exstrophy
25
24. Anomaly with large cranial and spatial….
Limb-body wall complex
26
25. Abdominal right of the umbilical cord
Gastroschisis
27
26. Omphalocele and sclerosis, you should consider
Limb-body wall complex
28
bladder or cloacal
Exstrophy
*spinda bifida
27. Omphalocele is low, what other anomaly should you consider
29
Organmegaly
Macroglossia
*omphalocele
28. Beckwidth weidamenn, what is all concludes
30
29. Gastorschisis atrophy of what vessel
Right umbilical vein
31
Omphalocele
Inguinal hernia
*undescended testes
30. Lower abdominal wall in bladder extrophy
32
31. Abdominal wall defect is most common
Gastroschsis, umbilical hernia, and omphalocele
33
32. Critical process of closing the umbilical wall
folding
34
33. Normal embryonic herniation of the bowl permits what, why does it go back in
Development of the intrabdominal organs
35
That contain only bowel might have a high risk for chromosomal abnormalities
34. Omphalocele
36
35. 19w, elevated msafp, herniation free floating bowl loops
Gastroschisis
37
Omphalocele, ectopic heart, distal sternum defect, diaphragmatic hernia, and diaphragmatic pericardium
36. 5 defects of pentaology of pentroll
38
Occurs more frequently in males
Located next to the normal cord insertion
*MSAFP levels are signaificantly elevated
37. Ins and outs Gastroschisis
39
38. Prognosis for gastroschisis
excellent
40
39. Most dramatic finding in ectopic cordis
The heart outside of the thoracic cavity
41
40. High or super omphalocele is the primary finding in what condition
Pentalogy of cantrell
42
41. Limb body wall defect are more common on which side
On the left side than on the right
43
42. Common anomaly coexist with gastroschisis, TRICK
None of the above
44
43. Dilated loops suggest
Infraction
45
44. Herniation of omphalocele is covered with a membrane consist of
Amnion; Peritoneum
46
Placenta
Body stalk
*evolving abdominal wall
45. Umbilical vein drains
47
46. Hepatic bud is largest in what gestation
The seventh week
48
47. Fetus with partial situs inversus shows what
Stomach on the right and heart on left
49
48. Evidence of double bubble is trismy 21 is what condition
Duodenal atresia
50
Meconium peritonitis
cystic fibrosis
*bowel obstruction
49. Dilated loops of echogenic bowel should be evaluated for what
51
50. Where is the spleen visualized trans plane
Posterior and left of the stomach
52
51. Know what causes of echogenic in fetal abdomen
Peritoneal calcification, meconium peritonitis, hydrometrocolpos(pg. 1348 greenbox AL)
53
52. Cystic growth of common bile duct
choledochal cyst
54
53. Haustral Folds found in what structure
colon
55
54. A reminate yolk stalk is what of the follow
meckel diverticulum (pg 1338 AL)
56
55. Sonographic demonstration of normal esophagus of 2nd and 3rd trimester
multilayer-ed pattern
57
56. Malformation most common in midgut
meckel diverticulum
58
57. Early you can distinguish large and small bowel
as early as 20 weeks
59
Most fetuses greater than 14-16 weeks demonstrate fluid in their stomach
Echogenic debris may be seen in the dependent portion of the stomach
*An esophageal anomaly is the most common cause of non visualization of the stomach
58. Fetal stomach
60
59. Transposition of liver stomach absence of gb multiple spleen obstruction of the IVC
polysplenia
61
60. Sonolucent band identified around abdomen
pseudoascites
62
61. Most reliable criteria for dilated bowel loops
bowel diameter
63
Veterbal defect
Renal anomalies
*cardiac defects
63. Coexist are common with esophageal atresia
64
Diaphragmatic hernia
Annular pancrea
*duodenal stenosis
62. Causes for double bubble
65
Veterbal defect
Renal anomalies
*cardiac defects
63. Coexist are common with esophageal atresia
66
Descending colon
sigmoid colon
*urethra
64. Derivative of the hindgut
67
65. Normal diameter of fetal small bowel
5mm
68
Close proximity of the cyst to the neck of the gallbladder
Ovoid right upper quadrant cyst with an entering bile duct
*absence of peristalsis within the cyst
66. Know what the sonographic appearance for choloductal cyst
69
67. Peritoneal calcification 38w gestation
Meconium peritonitis
70
70. Situs inversus
Heart is on the right; liver on the left, and spleen on right
71
68. Vacterl is a group of anomalies assc with what anomaly
esophageal atresia (pg 1344-1345 AL)
72
Large compared with other intra-abdominal organs
Hepatic veins and fissures are formed b the end of the first trimester
*occupies most of the upper abdomen
69. Fetal liver
73
70. Situs inversus
Heart is on the right; liver on the left, and spleen on right
74
71. Complex disorder of bowl in genitourinary tract
Anorectal atresia
