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Body Systems And Terminology > Study Session > Flashcards

Study Session Flashcards

1
Q

Prefixes

A

A unit of meaning attached to the front of a word.

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2
Q

Root

A

The core or foundation of the word’s meaning

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3
Q

Combining vowel

A

A vowel (o) placed between two roots, or with a between a root and a suffix that begins with a consonant,to help make the newly combined word easier to pronounce

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4
Q

Combining Form

A

The root and combining vowel together, as-in NORM/O

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5
Q

Suffix

A

A unit of meaning attached to the end of the word. The -AL normal is a suffix meaning “pertaining to”.

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6
Q

Affix

A

A un’t of meaning attached to the prefix or suffix that modifies the root in some way.

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7
Q

Organism

A

An individual animal or plant.

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8
Q

Ovum

A

Egg

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9
Q

Epithelial

A

Related to the skin.

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10
Q

Biology

A

The study of living organisms and life processes.

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11
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

A cell’s outer boundary

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of substances across a membrane.

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13
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across cell membranes.

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14
Q

Centrioles

A

Structures that function in cell reproduction

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15
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike extensions on the surface _ of those cells capable of movement

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16
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

A membrane network of “roads” and “channels” that wind through cytoplasm

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17
Q

Flagella

A

Sperm cell’s mobile tails

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18
Q

Golgi bodies

A

Sacs that make and transport carbohydrate compounds

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19
Q

Lysosomes

A

The cell’s digestive system

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20
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power plants that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy

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21
Q

Ribosomes

A

Structures that make proteins

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22
Q

Anabolism

A

The building metabolic phase; grows, maintains, and repairs body structures

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23
Q

Catabolism

A

The breaking-down metabolic phase; producing energy from food and oxygen

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24
Q

Chromosomes

A

Short, tightly coiled rods that contain genes

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25
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A substance between the plasma membrane and the cell nucleus

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26
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic; the chemical of which genes are made

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27
Q

Genes

A

Regions of DNA organized into the body’s “blueprint”

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28
Q

Karyoplasm

A

The substance of a nucleus

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29
Q

Karyotype

A

Picture of a chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell

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30
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical processes by which cells obtain and use energy

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31
Q

Nucleus

A

Spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production; controls transport, metabolism, growth, and heredity

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32
Q

Organelles

A

Structures within cytoplasm

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33
Q

RNA

A

Ribonucleic acid, needed for production of protein within cells

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34
Q

Tissue Fluid

A

A saltwater solution that bathes every cell in the body

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35
Q

Striated

A

Streaked or scratched

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36
Q

Organ

A

An independent body part that performs a specific function or functions

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37
Q

Visceral Organ

A

The liver, stomach, intestine, pancreas, spleen, or gallbladder

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38
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Houses the brain and pituitary gland

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39
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

Houses the spinal cord

40
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Houses the major digestive organs

41
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Houses the lungs

42
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Houses the urinary and reproductive organs

43
Q

Body Systems

A

A group of organs functioning together for a common purpose

44
Q

Lymph System

A

Responsible for carrying nutrients, wastes, hormones, and gases to and from body cells and for providing protection and immunity from harmful organisms

45
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Circulates blood

46
Q

Endocrine System

A

Secretes hormones

47
Q

Digestive System

A

Processes food

48
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, hair, claws, and hooves

49
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

The skeletal system supports body structures and the muscular system carries out nerve commands

50
Q

Nervous System

A

Carries nerve impulses to and from the brain

51
Q

Respiratory System

A

Conducts oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out of, the body.

52
Q

Reproductive System

A

Enables an organism to reproduce itself

53
Q

Urinary system

A

Produces and excretes urine

54
Q

Inguinal

A

Pertaining to the groin

55
Q

Serology

A

Tests using blood serum

56
Q

Reduction

A

The returning of broken bones to correct position

57
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by bacterial infection

58
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural cavity

59
Q

Pathology

A

The structural and functional signs of disease, or a study of its essential nature

60
Q

Mastitis

A

Inflammation of the breast

61
Q

Lymphosarcoma

A

A malignant tumor that tends to spread freely; common in cattle

62
Q

Luxation

A

Dislocation

63
Q

Leptospirosis

A

Zoonotic infectious disease, part of most canine vaccination schedules

64
Q

Laceration

A

A wound produced by tearing, as opposed to cutting, body tissue

65
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Exaggerated growth

66
Q

Herpes Virus

A

An inflammatory virus that reproduces in the cell nucleus

67
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

68
Q

Hemophilia

A

A condition of delayed blood clotting

69
Q

Hematocrit

A

A laboratory procedure that determines the percentage of red blood cells in an animal’s blood

70
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the membrane lining the stomach and intestines

71
Q

Feline Urolithiasis

A

A condition in cats caused by mineral deposits in the urinary tract

72
Q

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

A

Often deadly infectious disease of young cats

73
Q

Feline Panleukopenia

A

A viral disease of cats similar to parvovirus in dogs

74
Q

Exogenous

A

Originating from outside the organism

75
Q

Epiphysis

A

The part of bone where growth occurs; often a breakage site in young animals

76
Q

Enzootic Pneumonia

A

Infection of the lungs found in specific kinds of animals

77
Q

Endogenous

A

Originating from within the organism

78
Q

Emesis

A

Regurgitation,vomiting

79
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult breathing

80
Q

Dissociative Agent

A

An anesthetic that chemically dissociates ( separates out) perceptions of pain

81
Q

Diabetes Mellitus

A

A diabetic condition caused by an inadequate supply of insulin

82
Q

Diabetes

Insipidus

A

A diabetic condition caused by pituitary disorder

83
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the bladder

84
Q

Cortisone

A

Anti-inflammatory hormone

85
Q

Colic

A

An acute abdominal pain that’s common in horses

86
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

A chronic disorder of the heart, common in dogs

87
Q

Canine Parvovirus

A

A virus that causes a deadly disease in dogs

88
Q

Canine Distemper

A

A viral disease of dogs, marked by fever and respiratory problems

89
Q

Brucellosis

A

An infection caused by Brucella bacteria

90
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic organisms, often parasitic and disease-causing

91
Q

Avulsion

A

Detachment or tearing away of a body part

92
Q

Atrophic Rhinitis

A

The wasting away of mucous membranes or glands

93
Q

Aseptic Technique

A

A procedure for preventing infection

94
Q

Antigen

A

A substance that stimulates the body’s immune system

95
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A substance that hinders blood clothing

96
Q

Armamentarium

A

All equipment used in the practice of medicine

Body Systems And Terminology (3 decks)

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