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Body Systems And Terminology > Study Session > Flashcards

Study Session Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

Prefixes

A

A unit of meaning attached to the front of a word.

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2
Q

Root

A

The core or foundation of the word’s meaning

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3
Q

Combining vowel

A

A vowel (o) placed between two roots, or with a between a root and a suffix that begins with a consonant,to help make the newly combined word easier to pronounce

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4
Q

Combining Form

A

The root and combining vowel together, as-in NORM/O

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5
Q

Suffix

A

A unit of meaning attached to the end of the word. The -AL normal is a suffix meaning “pertaining to”.

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6
Q

Affix

A

A un’t of meaning attached to the prefix or suffix that modifies the root in some way.

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7
Q

Organism

A

An individual animal or plant.

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8
Q

Ovum

A

Egg

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9
Q

Epithelial

A

Related to the skin.

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10
Q

Biology

A

The study of living organisms and life processes.

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11
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

A cell’s outer boundary

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of substances across a membrane.

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13
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across cell membranes.

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14
Q

Centrioles

A

Structures that function in cell reproduction

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15
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike extensions on the surface _ of those cells capable of movement

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16
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

A membrane network of “roads” and “channels” that wind through cytoplasm

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17
Q

Flagella

A

Sperm cell’s mobile tails

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18
Q

Golgi bodies

A

Sacs that make and transport carbohydrate compounds

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19
Q

Lysosomes

A

The cell’s digestive system

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20
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power plants that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy

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21
Q

Ribosomes

A

Structures that make proteins

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22
Q

Anabolism

A

The building metabolic phase; grows, maintains, and repairs body structures

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23
Q

Catabolism

A

The breaking-down metabolic phase; producing energy from food and oxygen

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24
Q

Chromosomes

A

Short, tightly coiled rods that contain genes

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25
Cytoplasm
A substance between the plasma membrane and the cell nucleus
26
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic; the chemical of which genes are made
27
Genes
Regions of DNA organized into the body's "blueprint"
28
Karyoplasm
The substance of a nucleus
29
Karyotype
Picture of a chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
30
Metabolism
The chemical processes by which cells obtain and use energy
31
Nucleus
Spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production; controls transport, metabolism, growth, and heredity
32
Organelles
Structures within cytoplasm
33
RNA
Ribonucleic acid, needed for production of protein within cells
34
Tissue Fluid
A saltwater solution that bathes every cell in the body
35
Striated
Streaked or scratched
36
Organ
An independent body part that performs a specific function or functions
37
Visceral Organ
The liver, stomach, intestine, pancreas, spleen, or gallbladder
38
Cranial Cavity
Houses the brain and pituitary gland
39
Spinal Cavity
Houses the spinal cord
40
Abdominal Cavity
Houses the major digestive organs
41
Thoracic Cavity
Houses the lungs
42
Pelvic Cavity
Houses the urinary and reproductive organs
43
Body Systems
A group of organs functioning together for a common purpose
44
Lymph System
Responsible for carrying nutrients, wastes, hormones, and gases to and from body cells and for providing protection and immunity from harmful organisms
45
Cardiovascular System
Circulates blood
46
Endocrine System
Secretes hormones
47
Digestive System
Processes food
48
Integumentary System
Skin, hair, claws, and hooves
49
Musculoskeletal System
The skeletal system supports body structures and the muscular system carries out nerve commands
50
Nervous System
Carries nerve impulses to and from the brain
51
Respiratory System
Conducts oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out of, the body.
52
Reproductive System
Enables an organism to reproduce itself
53
Urinary system
Produces and excretes urine
54
Inguinal
Pertaining to the groin
55
Serology
Tests using blood serum
56
Reduction
The returning of broken bones to correct position
57
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by bacterial infection
58
Pneumothorax
Air in the pleural cavity
59
Pathology
The structural and functional signs of disease, or a study of its essential nature
60
Mastitis
Inflammation of the breast
61
Lymphosarcoma
A malignant tumor that tends to spread freely; common in cattle
62
Luxation
Dislocation
63
Leptospirosis
Zoonotic infectious disease, part of most canine vaccination schedules
64
Laceration
A wound produced by tearing, as opposed to cutting, body tissue
65
Hypertrophy
Exaggerated growth
66
Herpes Virus
An inflammatory virus that reproduces in the cell nucleus
67
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
68
Hemophilia
A condition of delayed blood clotting
69
Hematocrit
A laboratory procedure that determines the percentage of red blood cells in an animal's blood
70
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the membrane lining the stomach and intestines
71
Feline Urolithiasis
A condition in cats caused by mineral deposits in the urinary tract
72
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Often deadly infectious disease of young cats
73
Feline Panleukopenia
A viral disease of cats similar to parvovirus in dogs
74
Exogenous
Originating from outside the organism
75
Epiphysis
The part of bone where growth occurs; often a breakage site in young animals
76
Enzootic Pneumonia
Infection of the lungs found in specific kinds of animals
77
Endogenous
Originating from within the organism
78
Emesis
Regurgitation,vomiting
79
Dyspnea
Difficult breathing
80
Dissociative Agent
An anesthetic that chemically dissociates ( separates out) perceptions of pain
81
Diabetes Mellitus
A diabetic condition caused by an inadequate supply of insulin
82
Diabetes Insipidus
A diabetic condition caused by pituitary disorder
83
Cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder
84
Cortisone
Anti-inflammatory hormone
85
Colic
An acute abdominal pain that's common in horses
86
Cardiomyopathy
A chronic disorder of the heart, common in dogs
87
Canine Parvovirus
A virus that causes a deadly disease in dogs
88
Canine Distemper
A viral disease of dogs, marked by fever and respiratory problems
89
Brucellosis
An infection caused by Brucella bacteria
90
Bacteria
Microscopic organisms, often parasitic and disease-causing
91
Avulsion
Detachment or tearing away of a body part
92
Atrophic Rhinitis
The wasting away of mucous membranes or glands
93
Aseptic Technique
A procedure for preventing infection
94
Antigen
A substance that stimulates the body's immune system
95
Anticoagulant
A substance that hinders blood clothing
96
Armamentarium
All equipment used in the practice of medicine

Body Systems And Terminology (3 decks)

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