Study Unit 2: Motivational Theories And Behaviors Flashcards
(29 cards)
Define Motivation
Set of internal and external forces that stimulate enthusiasm to persist in a course of action
Rewards received from others are
Extrinsic rewards
_____are the internal satisfactions that result from certain actions.
Intrinsic Rewards
Under what scheme would workers pay depend on the ratio of individual productivity to average productivity amount all co-workers in a field
Relative Incentive Scheme
Under what scheme would individual pay only depends on individual productivity.
Absolute Incentive Scheme
According to _____ employee motivation is affected significantly by relatives as well as absolute rewards.
Equity Theory
According to Equity theory, when inequity is perceived employees are motivated to eliminate the inequity. What are three possible responses to balance inequity
1)Alter Inputs to the job (exert less effort)
2) Alther the outcomes (asking for a raise
3) Alter the perceptions (inflating job status)
What is Maslows Hierarchy of needs (lowest to highest)
Physiological needs (basic requirements)
Security of Safety Needs (protection from threats)
Affiliation or Acceptance Needs (social needs)
Esteem (the need to be valued by ones self and others)
Self actual action (high need, need to realize ones own potential)
Define ERG
Existence
Relatedness
Growth
This theory is a similes version of Maslows hierarchy
According to ERG Theory, the _______ of not fulfilling a higher level need may result in_____
Frustration
Regression
What is one method of motivating employees by a better balance of work/life
A flexible job schedule
According the Herzberg’s two factor theory of motivation, what two classes of motivational factors exist in the job situation
Dissatisfies (Policy administration, supervision, working conditions, Interpersonal relations, salary, status, job security)
Satisfiers (Achievement, Recognition, Challenging work, Advancement, Growth, responsibility)
Name 4 theories of motivation
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
ERG Theory
McGregors Theory X and Theory Y
Acquired needs theory
What are McGregorys Theory X and Theory Y models use for
They define the extremes of managers opinions on employee conduct. They permit a manager to evaluate his or her own tendencies
Define McGregors Theory X Model Perspective
Autocratic manager:
Most people dislike work
People must be controlled and threatened so they will make an adequate effort
Most people want to be directed, lack ambition and primarily seek security
Define McGregors Theory Y Perspective
An extreme opposite of Theory X, Theory Y is the perspective of the permissive manager and assumes the following:
1. Physical and mental effort is natural
2. Control and threats are not effective
3. Commitment to objectives is proportional to rewards/accompliments
4. Most people can Learn to seek responsibility
5. Intellectual ability is not fully realized
6. Ability to use imagination and creativity to solve problems is common
According to the acquired needs theory, some needs are learned not inherent. Name three of these needs
Acheivement
Affiliation
Power
Define the need for achievement
The need for achievement is satisfied by high performance and skill in completing difficult assignments.
What is the need for affiliation
The need for affiliation is satisfied by personal relationships and conflict avoidance.
What is the need for power
The need for power is the desire for influence or control, responsibility, and authority over subordinates.
What is the definition of an organization
Social entity that is GOAL directed and Deliberatly structured.
What are four elements of an organization
1) Coordination of effort in a cooperative social arrangement
2) A common objective or purpose
3) Division of Labor(Efficient work specialization)
4) A Hierarchy of Authority
What is authority
Authority os the legitimate right to direct, and to expect performance from, other people to achieve the organizations goals.
An organizations performance is based off its effectiveness and productivity. Define Effectiveness
Achievement of goals by providing value to customers over time. It should be contrasted with efficiency
