STUFF 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is enterprise?
the ability to identify business opportunities and take advantage of them
How does crowdfunding work?
individuals or businesses promote an idea on a platform, such as a website, to a large audience
people can then choose to invest in the projects they like
What has the increased use of the internet led to?
increase in virtual marketing and retailing
What is a cooperative?
a business that is owned and run by its workers or members. They make the business decisions and share in the profits made
What does fairtrade do?
ensures that farmers in LIDCs get a fair price for their produce
also aims to improve trade terms and conditions for workers
What are some new and emerging technologies?
crowdfunding
virtual marketing and retailing
automation and robotics
CAD and CAM
flexible manufacturing systems
lean manufacturing
just-in-time production
What are pros of automation and robotics?
increased efficiency and productivity
fewer errors and greater accuracy
limited human input, reducing labour costs
able to perform work that can be dangerous for humans
What are cons of automation and robotics?
expensive to set up and maintain
replaces human labour, leading to job losses
no human judgement
requires high-skilled workers to operate equipment
What does CAD and CAM stand for?
computer aided design
computer aided manufacture
What are pros of CAD?
more accurate
enables designs to be extensively amended and tested before production
allows several designers to work on same project simultaneously
offers views of 3D models from all angles
What are cons of CAD?
can be difficult to learn
can require large amounts of memory
expensive software
What are pros of CAM?
High level of accuracy
increases the speed and efficiency of the production process
products can be manufactured directly from CAD files
can operate 24/7
What are cons of CAM?
expensive equipment
requires maintenance
replaces human workforce
What are flexible manufacturing systems?
FMS is a production method that can be quickly and easily reconfigured to manufacture a variety of products, in different quantities, and with minimal downtime
What does lean manufacturing do?
aims to minimise waste in the manufacturing process, saving money and resources and improving the efficiency
What is just-in-time (JIT) production?
a form of lean manufacturing in which stock is closely monitored and only ordered when it is needed
the new stock arrives ‘just in time’ before the existing stock runs out
What are pros of JIT?
reduces cost and limits need for warehouse space
reduces risk of losing money through stolen or damaged stock
stock is less likely to go out of date
What are cons of JIT?
lack of stock if supplier delays or ordering mistake occurs
increased transport costs due to more frequent deliveries
little room for production mistakes because of little to no stock
What are the 5 stages of the life cycle assessment?
extracting and processing raw materials
manufacture
distribution and packaging
use
disposal
What are the 6 Rs?
rethink
refuse
repair
reduce
recycle
reuse
What is technological push?
a new material or technique becoming available through research and development that enable designers to create new products
What is market pull?
new product development is driven by changing consumer demands and requirements
How are job roles changing?
rise in information technology and manufacturing automation has led to huge reduction in manufacturing jobs and rise in skilled jobs
What is planned obsolescence?
products being designed to have a set lifetime
