Stuff from the last test like renal hormones Flashcards
(31 cards)
daily intake of water =
2300 ml/day
daily loss of water
2300 ml/day
total body water
42 liters
Which part of the nervous system acts on the external sphincter and which on the bladder?
e.sphincter = parasympathetic bladder = sympathetics
GFR =
125 ml/min and 180 L/day
Endothelin =
released by damaged vascular endothelial cells of the kidneys and other tissues
Angiotensin II =
preferentially constricts efferent arterioles
formed in situations associated with decreased arterial pressure of volume depletion
afferent arterioles unaffected by it
Afferent vs Efferent arterioles in the presence of angiotensin II
afferent unaffected, efferent constricted
nitric oxide =
derived from endothelial cells, helps maintain vasodilation
prostaglandins and bradykinin
vasodilators
offset effects of sympathetic and angiotensin II vasoconstrictor effects
autoregulation does what?
prevents relatively large changes in GFR and renal excretion that would otherwise occur with changes in blood pressure
Normal GFR =
180 L/day
Normal fluid excretion =
1.5 L/day
describe the “pathway” of decreased arterial pressure
decreased arterial pressure —> ____ glomerular hydrostatic pressure —> _____ GFR —>____Macula densa NaCl —> _____ renin from JXTGL cells —> ___ angiotensin II —> ___ efferent arteriolar resistance
macula densa NaCl –> ___afferent arteriolar resistance
decreased glomerular hydrostatic pressure decreased GFR decreased macula densa NaCl increased Renin increased angiotensin II increased efferent arteriolar resistance
aldosterone
source, function, site of action
adrenal cortex
increases sodium reabsorption
stimulates potassium secretion
stimulates Na-K ATPase on basolateral side of cortical collecting tubule membrane
angiotensin II
source, function, site of action
function: increased sodium and water reabsorption
returns blood pressure and extracellular volume toward normal
- stimulates aldosterone secretion
- constricts efferent arterioles
- directly stimulate sodium reabsorption in proximal tubules, loops of henle, distal tubules, and collecting tubules
ADH
source, function, site of action
source: posterior pituitary
function: increases water reabsorption
effects: binds to V2 receptors in late distal tubules, collecting tubules
increases cAMP
stimulates movement of aquaporin 2 proteins to luminal side of cell membranes
ANP
source, function, site of action
cardiac atrial peptide
cardiac atrial cells
function: inhibits reabsorption of sodium and water
parathyroid hormone
source: parathyroid glands
increases calcium reabsorption
intercalated cells
secretes H into lumen
where is the site of powerful loop diuretics?
thick ascending segment
furosemide
ethacrynic acid
bumentanide
distal tube traits
reabsorbs most ions but is impermeable to water
where is the Na-K-Cl co transporter located?
thick ascending segment
Thin loop is ____ to most solutes including urea and Na, and _____ to water
permeable, permeable
