Suboccipital/Thorax/Shoulder/Whole Arm Flashcards
(35 cards)
Pectoralis Major
Origin:
[Clavicular head]
-anterior surface of medial 1/2 of clavicle
[Sternocostal head]
- anterior surface of sternum
- superior 6 costal cartilages
- aponeurosis of external oblique muscles
Insertion:
-Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Action:
-Adducts/medially rotates humerus
Pectoralis Minor
Origin:
-3rd-5th ribs near costal cartilages
Insertion:
-Medial border/superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
Action:
- Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly/anteriorly against thoracic wall
- Assists in elevating ribs for deep inspiration
**forms a significant surgical/anatomical landmark as a bridge above vessels and nerves
Subclavius
Origin:
-Junctions of 1st rib + its costal cartilage
Insertion:
-Inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
Action:
-Anchors/depresses clavicle
**protects subclavian vessels/superior trunk of brachial plexus from clavicular fractures
Serratus Anterior
Origin:
-External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs
Insertion:
-Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
Action:
- Holds scapula against thoracic wall when doing push-ups/pushing against resistance
- Anchors/fixes scapula for humeral movement
- Rotates scapula to elevate glenoid cavity for raising arm above shoulder
- Protracts scapula when punching/reaching anteriorly
Rotator Cuff?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Origin:
-Supraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion:
-Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Action:
- Initiate/assist deltoid to abduct arm
- Works with other rotator cuff muscles
Infraspinatus
Origin:
-Medial 3/4 of infraspinous fossa
Insertion:
-Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Action:
- Laterally rotates arm
- Works with other rotator cuff muscles
Teres Minor
Origin:
-Middle part of lateral border of scapula
Insertion:
-Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Action:
- Laterally rotates arm
- Works with other rotator cuff muscles
Subscapularis
Origin:
-Subscapular fossa
Insertion:
-Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action:
- Medially rotates/adducts arm
- Works with other rotator cuff muscles
Teres Major
Origin:
-Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
Insertion:
-Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Action:
- Medially rotates/adducts arm
- Assists arm extension from flexed position
Deltoid
Origin:
-Lateral 1/3 of clavicle & acromion/spine of scapula
Insertion:
-Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action:
[Clavicular Head]
-flexes/medially rotates arm
[Acromial Head]
-abducts arm
[Spinal Head]
-extends/laterally rotates arm
[Together]
- Abducts arm
- Stabilizes inferior displacement of humeral head from glenoid cavity
During the first 15 degrees of arm ____________, the deltoid is assisted by the _________________.
(1) Abduction
(2) Supraspinatus
Biceps Brachii
Name AOI + which 3 joints it crosses
Origin:
[Short Head]
-Tip of coracoid process
[Long Head]
-supraglenoid of tubercle of scapula
Insertion:
- Tuberosity of radius
- Forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Action:
- Forearm flexion/supination
- (short head) Stabilizes GH joint/resists shoulder dislocation
Brachialis
Origin:
-Distal half of anterior humerus
Insertion:
-Coronoid process/tuberosity of ulna
Action:
- Flexes forearm
- “Workhorse” of elbow flexors
Coracobrachialis
Origin:
-Tip of coracoid process
Insertion:
-Middle 1/3 of medial humerus
Action:
- Shoulder flexion/adduction
- Stabilizes GH joint/resists shoulder dislocation
Triceps Brachii
Origin:
[Long Head]
-Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
[Lateral Head]
-Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
[Medial Head]
-Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion:
- Proximal end of olecranon
- Fascia of forearm
Action:
- Elbow extension
- Long head stabilizes GH joint and assists in shoulder extension/adduction
Anconeus
Origin:
-Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
- Lateral surface of olecranon
- Superior part of posterior surface of ulna
Action:
-Elbow extension/stabilization
External Intercostal
Origin:
-Superior to inferior border of the ribs
Insertion:
-Fibers run inferoanteriorly to rib below
Action:
-Assist with inspiration
Internal Intercostal
Origin:
-Inferior border of rib
Insertion:
-Fibers run inferposteriorly to rib below
Action:
-Assist with expiration
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin:
- Lateral surface of mastoid process
- Lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line
Insertion:
[Sternal head]
-Anterior surface of manubrium
[Clavicular head]
-Superior surface of medial 1/3 of clavicle
Action:
[Unilateral]
-Lateral flexion/upward rotation of head
[Bilateral]
- Neck extension; flexion so chin approaches manubrium
- Simultaneous flexion/extension to thrust chin forward
Innermost Intercostals
Origin:
-Deep to internal intercostals
Insertion:
-Adjacent ribs on inferior surface
Action:
-Assist with expiration
Subcostals
more prevalent in lower ribs
Origin:
-Internal inferior surfaces of lower ribs near angles
Insertion:
-Superior borders of 2-3 ribs below
Action:
-Blend with internals to assist with expiration
Brachioradialis
Origin:
-Proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge (lateral side)
Insertion:
-Lateral surface of distal radius
Action:
-Forearm flexion (weak when supinated, max when mid-pronated)
Supinator
Origin:
- Lateral epicondyle of humerus
- Posterior border of ulna
Insertion:
-Lateral/posterior/anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
Action:
-Supinates forearm
