Substance Abuse Flashcards
(21 cards)
DSM 5 Added and took away what of the Substance Use Disorder
took away dependence since is = addiction
added craving to drug
and took away legal consequences
who has the highest rate of etoh use
caucasians, M>F but heavy drinking is = among races . higher in cities than rural
drinkers are more likely to be educated
no socioeconomic status
How much is too much
men - 12 drinks per week or 4 drinks per day
women- 7 drinks per week or 3 drinks per day
CAGE
Cut - even felt you should cut down
Annoyed- have ppl annoyed you by criticizing
Guilt- ever felt guilty
Eye Opener- to steady nerves in am
Early or later onset better or worse>
early onset (<25) has a poorer prognosis
cloningers type 1 and type 2
Type 1 -influenced from childhood experiences, inherited from mother, onset >25 , M and F, ability to abstain from drinking, desire to avoid harm.
Type 2 - uninfluenced by childhood experiences , inherited from father onset <25, inability to abstain, no desire to avoid harm
Babor Type A and type B
A- later onset , few childhood risk factors, less symptoms, less psychopath, less streess, less everything
B- earlier onset, more childhood risks, family alcholism, more everything
ETOH and women
- drink alone
- higher etoh bc of less gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and less volume distribution and less total body water
- faster progression from first drink to problems
6 teps of alcohol intoxications
euphoria - difficulty concentration, talkative
excitement - senses dulle. impaired judgment
confusion - exaggerated emotions
stupor - cant stand or walk, vomiting
coma - low body temp, unconscious
death - respiratory arrest
Delirium Tremens
medical emergency
withing 72 hrs of etoh withdrawal
high mortality
Treatment of ETOH
detox : benzos
Opioids - who and what age
M:F - 3:1
peak use in 20;s - mature out by 30’s
- more in lower socioeconomic classes
Primary effects on opioid receptors
u (Mu)- analgesia, respiratory depression, dependence
k - kappa - analgesia, sedation
Tx for opioid- overdose, non opi detox , detox and maintenance
overdose- naltrexone
non opioid detox - clonidine
detox and maintenance - methadone
buprenorphine , ssris
how does cocaine work
binds to dopamine transporter and inhibits the reuptake of synaptic dopamine, - admin of cocaine results in increases in extracelluar levels of dopamine
how does amphetamines work
act by releasing more dopamine by their action on the dopamine vesicles
methamphetamine how does it work
decreases dopamine reuptake and promotes dopamine release by the dopamine transporter
vertical or horizNTAL NYSTAGMUS
pcp INTOX
pcp ACTS where
as an NMDA receptor antagonist - doesnt cause physical dependence
LSD accts where
on serotonergic receptors
LSD intox
pupils dilated , tachy ,sweating , hallucinations
