substance misuse

Question 1

inpatient detox how many times more spenny

Answer 1

9-10

Question 2

Alcohol withdrawal seizures occur in what percent pts

Answer 2

5-10% of patients

Question 3

risk factors have been noted to increase the risk of seizures during alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 3

age (more common with advanced age), prolactin, and blood alcohol concentration on admission. The strongest risk factor however appears to be increased homocysteine levels

Question 4

initial signs and symptoms of withdrawal begin from when

Answer 4

3-12 hours

Question 5

symptoms peak when

Answer 5

24-48hours

Question 6

symptoms last up to how long

Answer 6

14 days

Question 7

Withdrawal seizures (usually generalised) typically occur when

Answer 7

12-18 hours

Question 8

delirium tremens occurs when

Answer 8

usually occurs 3-4 days following alcohol cessation

Question 9

mortality rate delirium tremens

Answer 9

10-20% if untreated

Question 10

risk factors for DT in terms of electrolytes

Answer 10

• low potassium
• low magnesium
• also thiamine deficiency

Question 11

inpatient detox likely to be needed if consuming how much alcohol

Answer 11

regular consumption of >30 units / day.

Question 12

what can be used for decision making in alcohol withdrawal

Answer 12

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar)

Question 13

motivational interviewing 4 parts

Answer 13

Express empathy (see it from the client perspective)
Support self-efficacy (be positive and recognise previous successes and strengths)
Roll with resistance (be impartial and avoid conflict)
Develop discrepancy (help client see the discrepancy between current circumstances and future goals)

Question 14

microcounselling skill in motivational interviewing

Answer 14

called OARS

O - Open ended questions
A - Affirmations (statements recognising the client’s strengths)
R - Reflections
S - Summaries

Question 15

what is BZP, Silver Bullet

Answer 15

Piperazine, mimics ecstasy