Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Flashcards
(30 cards)
substance addiction
physical and psychological dependence
interferes with life and role obligations
intense cravings, social isolation
substance intoxication
disruption in functioning following excessive use of a substance
substance withdrawal
symptoms occurring upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation; disrupts functioning
predisposing factors for substance abuse/addictive disorders
biological: genetics, hereditary, morphine-like effects
psychological: low self-esteem, depression, anxiety
sociocultural: parents, peers, conditioning, and cultures
Alcohol intoxication
slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, disinhibition, decreased judgment and functioning, sexual/aggressive impulses.
100-200 mg/dL in blood (BAC limit is 80 mg/dL)
alcohol withdrawal
CIWA-Ar scale
tremors, N/V, insomnia, anxiety, sweating, depersonalization, irritability, sensitivity to light/sound, HA, hallucinations/illusions, seizures
sedative-hypnotic intoxication
CNS depression: slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, stupor, coma
sedative-hypnotic withdrawal
autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia and sweating), tremors, insomnia, N/V, hallucinations/illusions, anxiety, seizures, delirium
stimulant intoxication
increased or decreased vitals; N/V, euphoria, confusion, decreased judgment, diskinesia
caffeine intoxication
> 250 mg
restlessness, nervous, excited, insomnia, rambling, tachycardia
stimulant withdrawal
fatigue, depression, HA, nightmares, depression, sleep and psychomotor changes
caffeine and nicotine withdrawal
caffeine: HA, fatigue, flu-like symptoms
nicotine: irritability, insomnia, anxiety, bradycardia
inhalant intoxication
dizziness, ataxia, muscle weakness, euphoria, excitation, disinhibition; slurred speech, nystagmus, blurred/double vision, stupor, coma
inhalant withdrawal
VERY MILD and only after chronic long-term use
restlessness, N/V, rhinorrhea, decreased attention, mood changes
Opioid intoxication
euphoria -> apathy, dysphoria; decreased judgment; pupillary constriction, drowsiness, slurred speech, decreased memory and attention
SEVERE: pupillary dilation, respiratory depression, coma, death
Opioid withdrawal
COWS scale
dysphoria, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection, sweating; diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia
Hallucinogen intoxication
perceptual alteration; HTN, tachycardia, palpitations, sweating, tremors, incoordination
Cannabis intoxication
decreased motor coordination, euphoria, anxiety, sense of slowed time, impaired judgment; conjunctival injection (eye redness), increased appetitie, dry mouth, tachycardia
Cannabis withdrawal
irritability, anger, aggression; anxiety, sleep disturbances; decreased appetitie, depressed mood, restlessness; abdominal pain, tremors, sweating, fever, chills, HA
Nursing process: assessment
CAGE questionnaire (cut down, annoyed/criticism, guilt, eye opener)
SBIRT (screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment)
dual diagnosis
substance use disorder co-ocurring with other psychiatric disorder
family education
management of addiction
support services – financial, legal
AA (requires abstinence)
counseling, group therapy
codependency
family enables chemical dependent person, sacrificing own needs for fulfillment of others
Disulfram
Antabuse; deterrant for alcoholism. makes extremely sick if drink alcohol
