Substance Use

Question 1

substance use

Answer 1

use of substance leading to disorder w changes in brain structure/function

Question 2

symptom groups for substance use

Answer 2

impaired control, social impairment, risky use, physical effects

Question 3

substances leading to disorders

Answer 3

alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, hallucinations, inhalant, opioid, sedative hypnotic, stimulant, tobacco, other

Question 4

addiction

Answer 4

chronic med condition and w/out treatment can lead to disability/death

Question 5

intoxication

Answer 5

in process of using substance to excess

Question 6

tolerance

Answer 6

takes higher dose to achieve the initial level of response

Question 7

withdrawal

Answer 7

symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance (mild to life-threatening)

Question 8

cormorbidity

Answer 8

any combo of 2 or more substance use disorders and mental disorders

Question 9

genetic risk factors

Answer 9

twins have high risk, fam hx

Question 10

neurobio risk factors

Answer 10

receptors associated w disorder (opioid receptors)

Question 10

environmental risk factors

Answer 10

chronic stress, poor support/coping

Question 11

caffiene

Answer 11

coffee, soda, tea, energy drink consumption and associated w bipolar/eating/sleep disorders

Question 12

intoxication of caffeine

Answer 12

rambling, flushed face, gastro issues, cardiac arrhythmias, twitching

Question 13

overdose of caffeine

Answer 13

fever, tachy/bradycardia, seizures, delusions, cardiac arrest

Question 14

withdrawal of caffeine

Answer 14

headaches, drowsy, poor concentration, irritable
(12-24 hrs after, peak 24-48, resolve 1 wk)

Question 15

withdrawal of cannibis

Answer 15

restless, disturbing dreams, wt loss, shaky, abdominal pain

Question 15

intoxication of cannibis

Answer 15

heightened sensation, brighter colors, time slows, derealization, hallucinations w intact reality
(2 of 4 needed: red eyes, high appetite, dry mouth, tachy)

Question 16

treatment of cannibis

Answer 16

abstinence, hosp, anxiety meds

Question 16

halluncinogens

Answer 16

cause profound disturbances in reality w flashbacks, panic attacks, psychosis

Question 17

intoxication of halluncinogens

Answer 17

paranoia, impaired judgement, depersonalization, synesthesia, pupil dilation, palpation

Question 18

treatment of hallucinogens

Answer 18

talking pt down, restraint, antipsychotics

Question 19

inhalants

Answer 19

solvents, propellants, thinners, fuels that are used for short person of time to gain euphoria

Question 20

“sudden sniffing death”

Answer 20

cardiac arrhythmias from propane/butane

Question 21

intoxication of inhalants

Answer 21

euphoria (small), illusions, hallucinations, distorted body image, anorexia, impulsive (high), delirium, psychosis, dementia (adverse)

Question 22

opioids

Answer 22

increased craving and significant impairment and hazardous staring in early 20s

Question 23

intoxication of opioids

Answer 23

psychomotor retardation, slurred speech, impaired memory, low bowels, low HR/BP/RR

Question 24

overdose of opioids

Answer 24

unresponsiveness, coma, hypothermia, bradycardia, hypotension, resp depression, miosis

Question 25

overdose treatment of opioids

Answer 25

promote breathing by aspirating secretions, mechanical ventilation, naloxone

Question 26

opioid withdrawal

Answer 26

mood dysphoria, diarrhea, muscle aches, watery eyes (6-8hrs after last dose, peak 2-3 days)

Question 27

opioid withdrawal treatment

Answer 27

methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone

Question 28

opioid maintanence

Answer 28

abstinence, CBT, social skills training, NA

Question 29

sedative, hypnotic

Answer 29

craving benzos w impacted role performance/relationships

Question 30

intoxication of sedatives

Answer 30

slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, impaired thinking, coma,

Question 31

overdose treatment of sedatives

Answer 31

gastric lavage, monitor vitals, keep pt awake, fluids, prep for mechanical ventilation

Question 32

withdrawal of sedatives

Answer 32

tremor, insomnia, anxiety, depressed CNS

Question 33

withdrawal treatment of sedatives

Answer 33

gradual reduction to prevent seizures

Question 34

stimulants

Answer 34

craving and tolerance with reduced ability to function that can occur in a week

Question 35

stimulant intoxication

Answer 35

superhuman feelings, euphoric, sociable, hypervigilent, resp depression, chills, seizure, coma

Question 36

stimulant withdrawal

Answer 36

vivid nightmares, increased appetite, insomnia, psychomotor retardation/agitation

Question 37

stimulant withdrawal treatment

Answer 37

group/individual therapy, inpatient, antipsychotics or diazepam for no psychosis

Question 38

tobacco

Answer 38

quick dependence and persistance

Question 39

tobacco withdrawal

Answer 39

irritable, depression, anxiety, insomnia, restless, decreased HR 5-12BPM, wt gain 4-7 lbs

Question 40

gambling disorder

Answer 40

compulsive activity disturbing functioning

Question 41

gambling disorder treatment

Answer 41

GA, SSRI, lithium, valproic acid, naltrexone

Question 42

alc use disorder

Answer 42

sedative w euphoria than depress mild: 2-3 S/S mod: 4-5 S/S severe: 5 or more S/S

Question 43

alc disorder risk factors

Answer 43

genetics, neurobio, scoial, cultural

Question 44

binge drinking

Answer 44

drinking everything all at once

Question 45

heavy drinking

Answer 45

drinking all the time

Question 46

alcohol intoxication

Answer 46

blood concentration of 80-100 mg/dL

Question 47

alcohol withdrawal

Answer 47

6-8 hrs after w low appetite, insomnia, impaired cognition, seizures, high HR/BP

Question 48

cognitive disturbances from alc

Answer 48

mem disturbances, wernicke syndrome, fetal alc syndrome

Question 49

systemic effects for alc use disorder

Answer 49

peripheral neuropathy, alc myopathy/cardiomyopathy, alc hepatitis, cancer, leukopenia

Question 50

CAGE

Answer 50

4 questions to identify alc abuse

Question 51

disulfram

Answer 51

long term injectable med when pt goes through detox/rehab: if alc had, immediate withdrawal and S/S