Substance Use and Addictive Disorders

Question 1

Depressants

Answer 1

Slow the activity of the CNS.

Alcohol

Question 2

Binge drinking episode

Answer 2

5+ drinks in a single occasion

Question 3

Heavy drinker

Answer 3

5+ binge drinking episodes in a month

Question 4

Why does alcohol bring on a relaxed state

Answer 4

Helps GABA shut down neurons

Question 5

Delirium tremens

Answer 5

Dramatic alcohol withdrawal reaction > visual hallucinations

Question 6

Sedative hypnotic drugs

Answer 6

Feel relaxed. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines,

Question 7

Benzodiazepines ___ GABA activity

Answer 7

increase

Question 8

Opioids

Answer 8

Addictive. Depress the CNS by attaching endorphin sites. Opium, heroin, morphine, codeine

Question 9

Synthetic opioids (narcotics)

Answer 9

Methadone

Question 10

What is mainlining?

Answer 10

Injecting the drug directly into the vein

Question 11

What makes opioids dangerous?

Answer 11

Overdosing > calms down respiratory center too much

Question 12

Fenatyl

Answer 12

More powerful than any opioid

Question 13

Stimulants

Answer 13

Increase CNS activity. Cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine

Question 14

Which one is the most powerful stimulant?

Answer 14

Cocaine

Question 15

How does cocaine work?

Answer 15

Increases dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine supply

Question 16

What is freebasing?

Answer 16

Vaporizing pure cocaine and inhaling through a pipe

Question 17

What is crack

Answer 17

Powerful form of freebase boiled down to crystals

Question 18

Lab made stimulant

Answer 18

Amphetamines

Question 19

How do amphetamines work?

Answer 19

Increase release of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin

Question 20

Why is meth dangerous?

Answer 20

Neurotoxic > damages nerve endings

Question 21

Hallucinogens

Answer 21

Cause powerful changes in sensory perception. LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, MDMA

Question 22

How does LSD work

Answer 22

Affect serotonin

Question 23

Why are hallucinogens dangerous?

Answer 23

Produce enormous perceptual, emotional, and behavioral reactions

Question 24

Cannbis

Answer 24

Hashish, marijuana

Question 25

Why is polysubstance use so dangerous?

Answer 25

Synergisitc effect - cause greater effect than any individual drug > extreme intoxication

Question 26

Synergisitc effect when drugs have antagonistic/opposite actions

Answer 26

Build up and become toxic

Question 27

According to the biological model what is the main cause of addiction

Answer 27

Drug users become more reliant on the drug > biological processes adapt and reduce own neurotransmitter production

Question 28

Addiction and the reward circuit

Answer 28

As substances repeatedly stimulate the reward circuit > it becomes hypersensitive to them

Question 29

Detoxification

Answer 29

Systematic and medically supervised withdrawal

Question 30

Antagonist drugs

Answer 30

Block/change effect of addictive drug

Question 31

Drug maintenance therapy

Answer 31

Give replacement drug that is safer and is used in a safe environment