Substitution Words Flashcards
1
Q
Etymologist (et-uh-mol-uh-jist)
A
→ A person who studies the origin and history of words
Example: The etymologist explained how the word “education” came from Latin.
2
Q
Philanthropist (fi-lan-thruh-pist)
A
→ A person who donates money or helps others for the good of society
Example: The philanthropist built a hospital for poor people.
3
Q
Skeptic (skep-tik)
A
→ A person who doubts or questions things and does not believe easily
Example: He is a skeptic and doesn’t believe in ghosts.
4
Q
Aviary (ay-vee-er-ee)
A
→ A large cage or space where birds are kept
Example: The zoo has a big aviary full of colorful birds.
5
Q
Teetotaler (tee-toh-tuh-ler)
A
→ A person who never drinks alcohol
Example: My uncle is a teetotaler and only drinks juice at parties.
6
Q
Extempore (ik-stem-puh-ree)
A
→ Something done or spoken without preparation
Example: She gave an extempore speech without any notes.
7
Q
Polyglot (pol-ee-glot)
A
→ A person who can speak many languages
Example: My friend is a polyglot; he speaks five languages.
8
Q
Mortuary (mor-choo-er-ee)
A
→ A place where dead bodies are kept before burial or examination
Example: The police took the body to the mortuary for investigation.
9
Q
Ambidextrous (am-bi-dek-struhs)
A
→ A person who can use both hands equally well
Example: He is ambidextrous and can write with both hands.
10
Q
Catalogue (kat-uh-log)
A
→ A list of items, books, or products available for reference
Example: The librarian gave me a catalogue of new books.
11
Q
Somnambulist (som-nam-byuh-list)
A
→ A person who walks in their sleep
Example: My brother is a somnambulist and often walks around at night.
12
Q
Epitome (ih-pit-uh-mee)
A
→ A perfect example of something
Example: She is the epitome of kindness.
13
Q
Masquerade (mas-kuh-rayd)
A
→ A false appearance or disguise
Example: His kindness was just a masquerade to gain trust.
14
Q
Misanthrope (mis-an-throhp)
A
→ A person who dislikes others
Example: The old man was a misanthrope who avoided people.
15
Q
Pacifist (pas-uh-fist)
A
→ A person who believes in peace, not war
Example: He refused to fight because he was a pacifist.
16
Q
Bibliophile (bib-lee-uh-fahyl)
A
→ A person who loves books
Example: As a bibliophile, she collects rare books.
17
Q
Iconoclast (ahy-kon-uh-klast)
A
→ A person who criticizes traditional beliefs
Example: The iconoclast challenged old religious customs.
18
Q
Altruist (al-troo-ist)
A
→ A person who helps others selflessly
Example: An altruist donates to charity without expecting anything
19
Q
Connoisseur (kon-uh-sur)
A
→ An expert in art, food, or culture
Example: He is a wine connoisseur and knows every brand.
20
Q
Gourmet (/ˈɡʊr.meɪ/)
A
→ A person who enjoys and knows a lot about good food and drink.
Example: As a gourmet, she only dines at the finest restaurants.
21
Q
Optimist (op-tuh-mist)
A
→ A person who always expects good things to happen.
Example: Even in tough times, she remains an optimist and believes everything will work out.
22
Q
Autobiography (aw-tuh-bahy-og-ruh-fee)
A
→ A book written by someone about their own life.
Example: He wrote an autobiography about his journey to success.
23
Q
Pseudonym (soo-duh-nim)
A
→ A fake name used by an author.
Example: The writer used a pseudonym to hide their real identity.
24
Q
Insomnia (in-som-nee-uh)
A
→ A condition where a person has trouble sleeping.
Example: His stress caused severe insomnia.
25
Veterinarian (vet-uh-ri-nair-ee-uhn)
→ A doctor who treats animals.
Example: The veterinarian treated my sick dog.
26
Anonymous (uh-non-uh-muhs)
→ A person whose name is not known.
Example: The donation was made by an anonymous donor.
27
Claustrophobia (klaw-struh-foh-bee-uh)
→ Fear of small or enclosed spaces.
Example: He avoids elevators due to claustrophobia.
28
Glutton (gluht-n)
→ A person who eats too much.
Example: He is a glutton and can finish an entire pizza by himself.
29
Pessimist (pes-uh-mist)
→ A person who always expects the worst to happen.
Example: He is a pessimist who thinks everything will go wrong.
30
Omnipotent (om-nip-uh-tuhnt)
→ Having unlimited power
Example: In many religions, God is considered omnipotent.
31
Manuscript (man-yuh-skript)
→ A handwritten or typed document before publication
Example: The author submitted his manuscript to the publisher.
32
Egoist (ee-goh-ist)
→ A person who thinks only about themselves
Example: He never helps others because he is an egoist.
33
Utopia (yoo-toh-pee-uh)
→ An imaginary perfect place
Example: Many dream of creating a utopia where there is no crime.
34
Versatile (vur-suh-tl)
→ A person or thing that can do many different things
Example: She is a versatile artist who can paint, sculpt, and design.
35
Numismatist (nu̇-ˈmiz-mə-tist)
--> A person who collects or studies coins, medals, or paper money.
Example: The numismatist had a rare collection of ancient Roman coins.
36
Philatelist (fə-ˈla-tə-list)
--> A person who collects or studies stamps.
Example: The philatelist spent hours organizing his stamp collection from different countries.
37
Itinerant (ī-ˈti-n(ə-)rənt)
--> A person who travels from place to place, often for work.
Example: The itinerant musician performed in different cities every week
38
Cacographer (ka-ˈkä-grə-fər)
--> A person who has bad handwriting or makes spelling mistakes.
Example: His teacher struggled to read his notes because he was a cacographer.
39
Cynic (ˈsi-nik)
--> A person who believes that people always act selfishly.
Example: The cynic thought that all politicians only cared about money and power.
40
Recluse (ˈre-ˌklüs)
--> A person who lives alone and avoids social interactions.
Example: The famous author was a recluse who rarely gave interviews or appeared in public.
41
Stoic (ˈstō-ik)
--> A person who does not show emotions even in difficult situations.
Example: Even after losing everything, he remained stoic and did not complain.
42
Orator (ˈȯr-ə-tər)
--> A person who is skilled in public speaking.
Example: The orator captivated the audience with his powerful speech.
43
Narcissist (ˈnär-sə-sist)
--> A person who is overly self-centered and obsessed with themselves.
Example: The narcissist always talked about his achievements and ignored others' feelings.
44
Ascetic (ə-ˈse-tik)
--> A person who lives a simple life and avoids luxury for spiritual reasons.
Example: The monk lived as an ascetic, giving up all material comforts.
45
Sycophant (ˈsi-kə-fənt)
--> A person who flatters powerful people to gain favor.
Example: The sycophant always agreed with his boss, hoping for a promotion.
46
Dilettante (ˈdi-lə-ˌtänt)
--> A person who has an interest in a subject but lacks deep knowledge or commitment.
Example: He was a dilettante in music, playing the guitar just for fun.
47
Misogynist (mə-ˈsä-jə-nist)
--> A person who dislikes or is prejudiced against women.
Example: His misogynist views were criticized by everyone in the debate.
48
Envoy (ˈen-ˌvȯi)
--> A person sent as a representative, especially for diplomatic purposes.
Example: The envoy was sent to negotiate peace between the two countries.
49
Tyro (ˈtī-(ˌ)rō)
--> A beginner in a particular activity or field.
Example: As a tyro in painting, he struggled to mix colors properly.
50
Atheist (/ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/)
Simple Meaning: A person who does not believe in the existence of God or gods.
51
Monotheist (/ˈmɒn.əʊ.θi.ɪst/)
Simple Meaning: A person who believes in only one God.
52
Theist (/ˈθiː.ɪst/)
Simple Meaning: A person who believes in the existence of God or gods,
53
Polytheist (/ˈpɒl.i.θi.ɪst/)
Simple Meaning: A person who believes in many gods.
54
Pantheist (/ˈpæn.θi.ɪst/)
Simple Meaning: A person who believes that God is in everything and everything is God (the universe and God are the same).
55
Theomachy (/ˈθiː.ə.mə.ki/ or /θiˈɒm.ə.ki/)
Simple Meaning: A battle or war among gods (from mythology or religion).
56
Theomania (/ˌθiː.əˈmeɪ.ni.ə/)
Simple Meaning: Madness where a person thinks they are God or specially chosen by God.
57
Matrimony (/ˈmæt.rɪ.mə.ni/)
Simple Meaning: The state of being married.
58
Sologamy (/ˈsəʊ.ləˌɡæ.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Marrying oneself.
59
Monogamy (/məˈnɒɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Being married to one person at a time.
60
Bigamy (/ˈbɪɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Being married to two people at the same time (illegal in many places).
61
Polygamy (/pəˈlɪɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Being married to more than one person at the same time.
62
Autogamy (/ɔːˈtɒɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Self-fertilization (mainly in plants or some organisms).
63
Endogamy (/enˈdɒɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Marrying within one’s own group, caste, or community.
64
Exogamy (/ekˈsɒɡ.ə.mi/)
Simple Meaning: Marrying outside one’s own group, caste, or community.
65
Polyandry (/ˌpɒl.iˈæn.dri/)
Simple Meaning: A woman having more than one husband at the same time.
66
Sycophant (SIK-uh-fuhnt)
– A person who flatters someone powerful for personal gain.
67
Anglophile (ANG-gluh-file)
– A person who loves or admires England or English culture or British.
68
Philanderer (fih-LAN-duh-rer)
– A man who has casual romantic or sexual relationships with many women.
69
Philogyny (fih-LOJ-uh-nee)
– Love or admiration for women.
70
Empathy (EM-puh-thee)
– The ability to understand and share someone else's feelings.
71
Sympathy (SIM-puh-thee)
– Feeling pity or sorrow for someone else's misfortune.
72
Antipathy (an-TIH-puh-thee)
– A strong feeling of dislike.
73
Loquacious (loh-KWAY-shuhs)
– Very talkative.
74
Misogamist (mih-SOG-uh-mist)
– A person who hates the idea of marriage.
75
Misanthropist (mih-ZAN-thruh-pist)
– A person who dislikes or distrusts all people.
76
Andromania (an-droh-MAY-nee-uh)
– An excessive or abnormal love or obsession with men.
77
Misandrist (MIS-an-drist)
– A person who hates men.
78
Philosopher (fuh-LOS-uh-fur)
– A person who seeks wisdom or knowledge about life, often through thinking and reasoning.
79
Androphile (AN-droh-file)
– A person who is attracted to men.
80
Parricide (PAR-uh-side)
– The act of killing one's own parent or a close relative.
81
Mariticide (MAR-uh-ti-side)
– The act of killing one’s husband.
82
Genocide (JEN-uh-side)
– The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
83
Infanticide (in-FAN-tuh-side)
– The act of killing an infant or very young child.
84
Regicide (REJ-uh-side)
– The act of killing a king or queen.
85
Homicide (HOM-uh-side)
– The act of killing another human being.
86
Particide (PAR-tuh-side)
– The act of killing one's father. (Less commonly used; “parricide” is the more general term for killing a parent.)
87
Matricide (MAT-ruh-side)
– The act of killing one’s mother.
88
Fratricide (FRAT-ruh-side)
– The act of killing one’s brother
89
Sororicide (suh-RAWR-uh-side)
– The act of killing one’s sister.
90
Uxoricide (uk-SOR-uh-side)
– The act of killing one’s wife.
91
Dipsomania (DIP-soh-MAY-nee-uh)
– An uncontrollable craving for alcohol
92
Kleptomania (KLEP-toh-MAY-nee-uh)
– A strong, uncontrollable urge to steal things.
93
Bibliokleptomania (BIB-lee-oh-klep-toh-MAY-nee-uh)
– An obsessive urge to steal books.
94
Pyromania (PY-roh-MAY-nee-uh)
– A strong desire to set things on fire.
95
Megalomania (MEG-uh-loh-MAY-nee-uh)
–someone believes they have great power, importance, or wealth, often in an exaggerated or unrealistic way.
96
Nymphomania (NIM-foh-MAY-nee-uh)
– An excessive sexual desire in women.
97
Satyromania (SAT-uh-roh-MAY-nee-uh) .
– An excessive sexual desire in men
98
Monomania (MON-oh-MAY-nee-uh)
– An obsession with one single idea or subject.
99
Mythomania (MITH-oh-MAY-nee-uh)
– A tendency to lie or exaggerate to an extreme extent; obsession with lying.
100
Ecophobia (ee-koh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear or dislike of the natural environment or ecological issues
101
Zoophobia (zoh-uh-FOH-bee-uh)
– An irrational fear of animals.
102
Claustrophobia (klaw-struh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of small or enclosed spaces.
103
Hydrophobia (hy-droh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of water; also a symptom of rabies
104
Bibliophobia (bib-lee-uh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear or hatred of books.
105
Xenophobia (zen-uh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear or hatred of strangers, foreigners, or anything unfamiliar.
106
Necrophobia (nek-ruh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of death or dead things.
107
Aerophobia (air-uh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of flying or being in an aircraft
108
Ophiophobia (oh-fee-uh-FOH-bee-uh)
– An extreme fear of snakes.
109
Syngenesophobia (sin-jen-ee-uh-SO-foh-bee-uh)
– Fear of relatives or family members.
110
Nomophobia (noh-moh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of being without a mobile phone or unable to use it.
111
Aviation (ay-vee-AY-shun)
– The study or practice of flying aircraft.
112
Astronomy (uh-STRON-uh-mee)
– The study of stars, planets, and the universe
113
Acoustics (uh-KOOS-tiks)
– The science of sound and how it travels,study of sound
114
Anthropology (an-thruh-POL-uh-jee)
– The study of humans, their behavior, cultures, and societies.
115
Calligraphy (kuh-LIG-ruh-fee)
– The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting
116
Chronology (kruh-NOL-uh-jee)
– The study of time and the order in which events happened.
117
Demography (duh-MOG-ruh-fee)
– The study of human populations, like size, growth, and movement.
118
Alchemy (AL-kuh-mee)
– An old practice where people tried to turn ordinary metals into gold and find a way to live forever.
119
Entomology (en-tuh-MOL-uh-jee)
– The study of insects.
120
Ecology (ee-KOL-uh-jee)
– The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.
121
Genetics (juh-NET-iks)
– The study of how traits are passed from parents to children through genes.
122
Geology (jee-OL-uh-jee)
– The study of the Earth, its rocks, and how it changes over time.
123
Geography (jee-OG-ruh-fee)
– The study of the Earth’s surface, places, climates, and how people live in different areas.
124
Graphology (gruh-FOL-uh-jee)
– The study of handwriting, especially to learn about a person's personality
125
Gerontology (jer-uhn-TOL-uh-jee)
– The study of aging and old age.
126
Hydraulics (hy-DRAW-liks)
– The study of how liquids (especially water) move and are used to create power.
127
Lexicography (lek-suh-KOG-ruh-fee)
– The work or study of making dictionaries.
128
Ornithology (or-ni-THOL-uh-jee)
– The study of birds, including their behavior, physiology, and classification.
129
Philology (fi-LOL-uh-jee)
– The study of language in written historical sources; it involves the history and development of languages.
130
Palaeography (pay-lee-OG-ruh-fee)
– The study of ancient handwriting and old manuscripts.
131
Psychology (sy-KOL-uh-jee)
– The study of the mind, behavior, and mental processes.
132
Psephology (see-FOH-luh-jee)
– The study of elections, voting, and public opinion.
133
Theology (thee-OL-uh-jee)
– The study of religion, God, and religious beliefs.
134
Solarium (soh-LAIR-ee-um)
– A room with a lot of glass to let in sunlight, often used to relax
135
Aquarium (uh-KWAIR-ee-um)
– A tank or place where fish and water animals are kept.
136
Podium (POH-dee-um)
– A small raised platform where someone stands to speak or perform.
137
Auditorium (aw-di-TOR-ee-um)
– A large room or hall where people gather to watch performances or hear speeches
138
Planetarium (plan-uh-TAIR-ee-um)
– A building where images of stars and planets are shown on a domed ceiling.
139
Sanatorium (san-uh-TOR-ee-um)
– A place where people stay to rest and get treatment, especially for long illnesses
140
Deciduous (dih-SID-joo-uhs)
– Trees or plants that shed their leaves every year.
141
Occidental (ok-si-DEN-tl)
– Related to the western world, especially Europe and the Americas.
142
Alma Mater (AL-muh MAH-ter)
– The school, college, or university someone once attended.
Example: "She visited her alma mater to give a speech."
143
Perambulator (puh-RAM-byuh-lay-tur)
– A baby carriage or stroller used to push a baby while walking.
Example: "The baby slept peacefully in the perambulator during the walk."
144
Aesthetics (es-THET-iks)
– The study or sense of beauty, especially in art or design.
145
Blizzard (BLIZ-urd)
– A strong snowstorm with high winds and low visibility.
146
Bohemian (bo-HEE-mee-uhn)
– A person who lives freely and artistically, often outside of traditional rules.
147
Bonfire (BON-fire)
– A large outdoor fire, usually for celebrations or gatherings.
148
Bonsai (BON-sai)
– A small tree grown in a pot and carefully shaped to look like a full-sized tree.
149
Aeon or Eon (EE-on)
– An extremely long or indefinite period of time, often used to describe an age or era.
Example: "It felt like an aeon had passed before the bus arrived."
150
Acorn (AY-korn)
– A small nut that comes from an oak tree, which can grow into a new tree.
151
Hinterland (HIN-tur-land)
– A remote or less developed area far from cities or towns or rivers
152
Imbroglio (im-BROH-lee-oh) .
– A confusing or complicated situation, often involving misunderstanding or conflict
153
Rejuvenate (ri-JOO-vuh-nayt)
– To make someone or something feel or look young, fresh, or full of energy again.
154
Remiss (ri-MISS)
– Careless or negligent in doing something that should be done.
155
Kennel (KEN-uhl) .
– A place where dogs are kept, especially when their owners are away
156
Lair (lair)
– A wild animal’s resting or hiding place; also used for someone's secret place.
157
Mint (mint)
–A place where coins are made.
158
Mundane (mun-DAYN)
– Ordinary, dull, or lacking excitement; related to everyday life.
159
Posthumous (POS-chuh-muhs)
– Happening or given after someone’s death.
160
Pedagogy (PED-uh-goh-jee)
– The method and practice of teaching.
161
Regalia (ri-GAY-lee-uh)
– Special clothes, symbols, or decorations worn for official or royal ceremonies
162
Thearchy (THEE-ar-kee)
– A government ruled by a god or divine power (similar to theocracy).
163
Oath (ohth)
– A serious promise, often calling on something sacred as a witness.
164
Nascent (NAY-sent)
– Just beginning to exist or develop; early stage.
165
Virtue (VUR-choo)
– Good moral quality like honesty, kindness, or courage.
Example: "Patience is considered a great virtue."
166
Satire (SA-tire)
– A way of using humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize or expose foolishness, often in politics or society.
167
Veer (veer)
– To suddenly change direction.
Example: "The car veered off the road during the storm."
168
Savour (SAY-vur)
– To enjoy something slowly, especially taste or experience.
169
Scapegoat (SKAPE-goht)
– A person who is unfairly blamed for something others did.
Example: "He became the scapegoat for the team’s failure
170
Tannery (TAN-uh-ree)
– A place where animal hides are processed into leather.
Example: "The tannery had a strong smell from the leather-making process."
171
Screech (skreech)
– A loud, harsh, high-pitched sound, often made by animals or objects.
Example: "The screech of the parrot echoed through the forest."
172
Misnomer (mis-NOH-mer)
– A name or term that is incorrectly applied to something.
Example: "Calling the large ocean fish a 'goldfish' is a misnomer."
173
Monarchy (MON-ar-kee)
– A form of government where a single person, a king or queen, rules the country.
174
Grunt (gruhnt)
– A short, low, rough sound made by animals like camels or pigs, and also by people showing effort or discomfort.
*Example: "The camel let out a loud grunt as it sat down."
175
Fiesta (fee-ES-tuh)
– A festival or celebration, especially with music and dancing.
176
Whine (whyn)
– A high-pitched, complaining sound or voice.
177
Destitute (DES-ti-toot)
– Extremely poor; lacking basic needs like food, shelter, or money.
178
Carte Blanche (kart blahnsh)
– Complete freedom to do whatever one wants.
Example: "The manager gave her carte blanche to design the new project."
179
Agnostic (ag-NOS-tik)
– A person who is unsure whether God exists or not.
180
Agony (AG-uh-nee)
– Intense pain or suffering.
Example: "He was in great agony after the accident."
181
Aikido (eye-KEE-doh)
– A Japanese martial art focused on self-defense and using the opponent's energy
182
Mercenary (MUR-suh-ner-ee)
– A soldier who fights mainly for money, not for a country
183
Laurel (LOR-uhl)
– A plant with shiny green leaves, traditionally used to make wreaths that symbolize honor, victory, or achievement.
Example: "Ancient Greek winners wore laurel wreaths on their heads."
Also used in phrases:
"Rest on your laurels" – To stop putting in effort after achieving success.
Example: "She didn’t just rest on her laurels after winning the award—she kept working hard."
184
Immoral (ih-MOR-uhl)
– Not following accepted standards of right and wrong; bad or unethical behavior.
185
Impeach (im-PEECH)
– To officially charge a high-ranking official (like a president) with misconduct.
Example: "The parliament voted to impeach the leader for corruption."
186
Embargo (em-BAR-goh)
– A government order that stops trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.
Example: "The country placed an embargo on oil exports."
187
Fatalist (FAY-tuh-list)
– A person who believes that all events are determined by fate and cannot be changed.
Example: "A fatalist thinks no matter what you do, the result is already decided."
188
Grove (grohv)
– A small group of trees, especially fruit or nut trees.
Example: "We walked through an orange grove near the farm."
189
Sinecure (SIN-ih-kyoor)
– A job or position that gives income or status but requires little or no work.
190
Renegade (REN-uh-gayd)
– A person who deserts a group or set of rules and joins the opposite side; a rebel or traitor
191
Arsenal (AHR-suh-nuhl)
–A place where weapons and ammunition are stored.
192
Excommunicate (eks-kuh-MYOO-nih-kayt)
– To officially remove someone from membership in a religious group.
193
Inimitable (ih-NIM-ih-tuh-buhl)
– So unique or excellent that it cannot be copied or imitated.
194
Imitable (IM-ih-tuh-buhl)
– Something that can be copied or followed; worthy of being imitated.
195
Melophile (MEL-oh-file)
– A person who loves music.
196
Eisoptrophile (eye-SOP-troh-file)
– A person who loves mirrors or is fascinated by reflections
197
Gastronome (GAS-truh-nohm)
– A person who enjoys fine food and has refined tastes in eating.
198
Chrematophile (KREE-muh-toh-file)
– A person who loves money or is obsessed with wealth.
199
Oneirophile (oh-NIGH-roh-file)
– A person who loves dreams.
200
Anuptaphile (uh-NUHP-tuh-file)
– A person who loves being single or prefers not to marry.
201
Bureaucracy (byoo-ROK-ruh-see)
– A system where decisions are made by officials, not elected leaders, often with many rules.
202
Autocracy (aw-TAW-kruh-see) .
– A government where one person has all the power
203
Meritocracy (meh-ri-TAW-kruh-see)
– A system where people are rewarded based on their abilities and hard work
204
Democracy (di-MOK-ruh-see)
– A system where the people have the power to choose their leaders
205
Confederacy (kun-FED-er-uh-see)
– A group of states or countries that join together for a common purpose.
206
Plutocracy (ploo-TAW-kruh-see)
– A government controlled by rich people.
207
Aristocracy (uh-RIS-tuh-kruh-see)
– A system where a small, rich group of people rule.
208
Theocracy (thee-AW-kruh-see)
– A government where religious leaders rule in the name of a god.
209
Diarchy (DIE-ahr-kee)
– A system of government where two people or groups share power equally.
210
Oligarchy (OH-lih-gahr-kee)
– A government controlled by a small group of people, usually the rich or powerful
211
Stratocracy (STRAT-oh-krah-see)
– A government controlled by the military.
212
Anarchy (AN-ahr-kee)
– A situation where there is no government or law, leading to chaos.
213
Novice (NAH-viss) .
– A beginner or someone new to something
214
Narcissist (NAR-suh-sist)
– A person who is overly self-loving and thinks too highly of themselves.
215
Veteran (VEH-tuh-ran)
– A person with long experience in a field or a former soldier.
216
Sadist (SAY-dist)
– Someone who enjoys hurting others or seeing them suffer.
217
Centennial (sen-TEN-ee-uhl)
– The 100th anniversary of something
218
Homophobia (hoh-muh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear or hate of homosexual people
219
Hedenophobia (hee-dee-no-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of pleasure.
220
Kleptophobia (klep-toh-FOH-bee-uh)
– Fear of stealing or being stolen from.
221
Rogue (rohg)
– A dishonest or unpredictable person.
222
Antiquarian (an-ti-KWAIR-ee-uhn)
– A person who studies or collects old things.
223
Seismography (size-MOG-ruh-fee)
– The study and recording of earthquakes
224
Superannuation (soo-pur-an-yoo-AY-shun)
– Money saved for retirement
225
Octogenarian (ok-toh-juh-NAIR-ee-uhn)
– A person in their 80s.
226
Epilogue (EP-uh-log)
– The final part of a book or play.
227
Prologue (PROH-log)
– An introduction to a book or play
228
Asphyxiation (as-fik-see-AY-shun)
– Death or harm caused by lack of air.
229
Euthanasia (yoo-thuh-NAY-zhuh)
– Mercy killing; ending a person’s life to stop pain.
230
Immolation (im-uh-LAY-shun)
– Killing, often by burning, as a sacrifice
231
Comrades (KOM-radz)
– Close friends or companions, often in battle or struggle.
232
Patriots (PAY-tree-uhts)
– People who love and support their country.
233
Compatriots (kum-PAY-tree-uhts)
– People from the same country.
234
Natives (NAY-tivs)
– People born in a particular place.
235
Apiary (AY-pee-air-ee)
– A place where bees are kept
236
Cortege (kor-TEZH)
– A group of people, especially in a funeral procession
237
Elegy (EL-uh-jee)
– A sad poem or song about someone who died.
238
Obituary (uh-BICH-uh-wair-ee)
– A newspaper notice about someone’s death.
239
Epitaph (EH-pi-taf)
– Words written on a gravestone.
240
Euthanasia (yoo-thuh-NAY-zhuh):
Mercy killing; painless death for someone suffering.
241
Laudable (LAW-duh-buhl):
Worthy of praise.
242
Plagiarism (PLAY-juh-rih-zuhm):
Copying someone’s work and claiming it as your own.
243
Cabbies (KAB-eez):
Taxi drivers.
244
Chauffeur (SHOH-fur):
A person employed to drive a private car.
245
Ode (OHD):
A poem expressing strong feelings, often in praise of something.
246
Sonnet (SON-it):
A 14-line poem with a fixed rhyme scheme.
247
Abject (AB-jekt):
Extremely bad or hopeless.
248
Arid (AIR-id):
Very dry; lacking moisture or interest.
249
Adept (uh-DEPT):
Very skilled or expert.
250
Vivacious (vi-VAY-shuhs):
Lively and full of energy.
251
Scintillating (SIN-tuh-lay-ting):
Sparkling or brilliantly clever.
252
Dispute (dis-PYOOT):
An argument or disagreement.
253
Medicate (MED-i-kayt):
To treat with medicine.
254
Mediate (MEE-dee-ayt):
To settle a dispute between two sides.
255
Meddle (MED-uhl):
To interfere in someone else’s business.
256
Moor (MOOR):
To anchor a ship; or a marshy area.
257
Moot (MOOT):
Debatable or not important anymore.
258
Morose (muh-ROHS):
Gloomy or very sad.
259
Verdict (VUR-dikt):
A decision made by a jury in a trial.
260
Acquaint (uh-KWAYNT):
To make familiar.
261
Acquit (uh-KWIT):
To declare someone not guilty in court.
262
Acquiesce (ak-wee-ESS):
To agree silently without protest.
263
Constrained (kun-STRAYND):
Restricted or forced.
264
Construed (kun-STROOD):
Interpreted or understood in a particular way.
265
Flip-side (FLIP-side):
The opposite or other side of something.
266
Flip-flop (FLIP-flop):
A sudden change of opinion or decision.
267
Flintlock (FLINT-lok):
An old-fashioned gun mechanism.
268
Flippant (FLIP-uhnt):
Not showing a serious or respectful attitude.
269
Indignant (in-DIG-nuhnt):
Angry because something seems unfair.
270
Indigent (IN-di-juhnt):
Very poor; lacking money.
271
Somnolence (SOM-nuh-luhns):
Sleepiness or drowsiness.
272
Inevitable (in-EV-i-tuh-buhl):
Certain to happen; unavoidable.
273
Inestimable (in-ES-tuh-muh-buhl):
Too valuable or great to be measured.
274
Infallible (in-FAL-uh-buhl):
Never wrong; always correct.
275
Indifferent (in-DIF-er-uhnt):
Not caring or having interest.
276
Emigrant (EM-i-gruhnt):
A person who leaves their country to settle elsewhere.
277
Immigrant (IM-i-gruhnt):
A person who comes to live in a new country.
278
Refugee (ref-yoo-JEE):
Someone forced to leave their country due to war or danger.
279
Expatriate (eks-PAY-tree-it):
A person living outside their native country.
280
Iterate (IT-uh-rayt):
To repeat something.
281
Itinerary (eye-TIN-uh-rair-ee):
A travel schedule or plan.
282
Itinerant (eye-TIN-uh-ruhnt):
Traveling from place to place for work.
283
Samaritan (suh-MAR-i-tuhn):
A kind person who helps others in need.
284
Perpetual (per-PECH-oo-uhl):
Never-ending; continuing forever.
285
Raconteur (rah-kawn-TUR):
A skilled storyteller.
286
Red-tapism (red-TAY-piz-uhm):
Excessive bureaucracy or strict official rules that cause delay.
287
Vandal (VAN-duhl):
A person who destroys or damages property on purpose.
288
Burglar (BUR-glur):
A thief who breaks into buildings to steal.
289
Defamation (def-uh-MAY-shuhn):
Damaging someone's good reputation by false statements.
290
Anomly or oddity
Something that is different from what is normal
291
Fable (FAY-buhl):
A short story with a moral, often with animals as characters.
292
Allegory (AL-uh-gor-ee):
A story where characters and events symbolize ideas or morals.
293
Parable (PAR-uh-buhl):
A simple story that teaches a moral or spiritual lesson.
294
Exonerate (ig-ZON-uh-rayt):
To declare someone not guilty or free from blame.
295
Consolidate (kun-SOL-uh-dayt):
To combine or make stronger and more solid.
296
Fling (FLING):
To throw something with force.
297
Honorarium (on-uh-RAIR-ee-uhm): A
small payment given for professional services.
298
Interment (in-TUR-muhnt):
The burial of a dead body.
299
Veteran (VET-uh-ruhn):
A person with a lot of experience, especially in the military.
300
Heresy (HER-uh-see):
A belief that goes against accepted religious or traditional beliefs.
