Suffixes

Question 1

—acˆ—

Answer 1

disparagement, contempt, dislike,
wretched, vile, awful
domacˆo, hovel; hundacˆo, cur; infanacˆo, brat; skribacˆi,
scrawl; acˆa, poor, “rotten”, awful

Question 2

—ad—

Answer 2

like -ING (adds the idea of action) action,
particularly prolonged, repeated, or
habitual
nagˆado, swimming; pafado, shooting; sangado,
bleeding; batado, beating; kuirado, cooking; kantado,
singing; parolado, speech; lavado, washing

Question 3

—ajˆ—

Answer 3

denotes concrete idea novajˆo, news; pakajˆo, package; glaciajˆo, ice cream;
acˆetajˆo, purchase; konstruajˆo, building

Question 4

—an—

Answer 4

member (of a group), inhabitant (of a
country)
klubano, member of club; Akademiano, member of
Academy; vilagˆano, villager; Kristano, Christian; sˆipano,
mariner, sailor; Afrikano, African

Question 5

—ar—

Answer 5

collection (group, set) of (several or
all) units of the same kind
arbaro, forest; vortaro, dictionary; sˆiparo, fleet; meblaro,
furniture; sˆafaro, flock (of sheep); homaro, humanity,
human race; kamparo, countryside

Question 6

—ebl—

Answer 6

au˘debla, audible; videbla, visible; portebla, portable;

legebla, legible; lernebla, easy-to-learn

Question 7

—ec—

Answer 7

amikeco, friendship; blankeco, whiteness; boneca,
goodness; vereco, truthfulness; felicˆeco, happiness;
grateco, brotherliness; frau˘leco, bachelorhood
—ec— denotes quality or state (in abstract
form), -ship, -ness

Question 8

—eg—

Answer 8

great in size or degree grandega, enormous, immense; domego, mansion;
virego, giant; amegi, love passionately; malamegi, detest,
abhor; ungego, talon, claw; malsanega, at death’s door

Question 9

—em—

Answer 9

— denotes an inclination, bent, bias,
proclivity, leaning, -full
parolema, talkative; ludema, playful; timema, fearful;
mortema, mortal; pardonema, merciful

Question 10

—end—

Answer 10

which-must-be-done solvenda problemo, problem which must be solved;
farenda laboro, work that must be done; legenda, must
be read; lavenda, must be washed

Question 11

—er—

Answer 11

denotes element or unit of
homogeneous whole
monero, coin; pluvero, rain drop; panero, crumb;
cˆenero, link; herbero, blade of grass; semero, seed of
grain; negˆero, snowflake; akvero, drop of water

Question 12

—estr—

Answer 12

leader, head, “boss”, ruler,
commander, chief
hotelestro, hotel manager; estraro, leadership (governing
body); sˆipestro, captain; familiestro, head of the family;
imperiestro, emperor; staciestro, station master

Question 13

—et—

Answer 13

dimunitive; weakens the idea of the
root to a high degree
dometo, cottage; dormeti, to doze, nap; vojeti, path;
ruldometo, trailer (camper); sˆipeto, boat; sˆtoneto,
pebble; rideti, to smile; blueta, bluish

Question 14

—id—

Answer 14

offspring of living creatures hundido, puppy; katido, kitten; arbido, seedling;
bovido, calf; sˆafido, lamb; musido, baby mouse;
regˆido, prince; Israelido, Israelite

Question 15

—ig—

Answer 15

make, cause to be, render, -ify blankigi, bleach, whiten; akridi, to sharpen; klarigi,
clarify, explain; purigi, to clean; nulig

Question 16

—igˆ—

Answer 16

become, come to be, get, grow, turn malsekigˆi, to become wet; malpurigˆi, to become dirty;
paligˆi, to grow pale; amikigˆi, to become friends; anigˆi, to
join (a club, society); naskigˆi, to be born

Question 17

—il—

Answer 17

object used to perform an action,
appliance, tool, implement,
instrument
skribili, anything used for writing; hakilo, axe; ludilo,
toy; fotilo, camera; trancˆilo, knife; muzikilo, musical
instrument; kudrilo, needle

Question 18

—in—

Answer 18

denotes female, feminine patrino, mother; onklino, aunt; fratino, sister; bovino,
cow; porkino, sow; edzino, wife; skoltino, girl scout;
cˆevalino, mare; amikino, female friend

Question 19

—ind—

Answer 19

worthy of, deserving of fidinda, trustworthy; admirinda, admirable; lerninda,
worth learning; leginda, worth reading; aminda, lovable;
lau˘dinda, praiseworthy; memorinda, memorable

Question 20

—ing—

Answer 20

holder for one object (sheath, socket,
stand)
kandelingo, candlestick; glavingo, scabbard; ovingo, egg
cup; plumingo, pen holder; rozingo, bud vase

Question 21

—ism—

Answer 21

doctrine, movement, theory, system,-
ism
Platonismo, Platonism; alkoholismo, alcoholism;
imperiismo, imperialism; optimismo, optimism;
turismo, turism; Budhismo, Buddhism

Question 22

—ist—

Answer 22

person connected with the root,
usually by profession (business,
calling, vocation, habitual interest)
dentisto, dentist; marksisto, Marxist; instruisto, teacher;
floristo, florist; muzikisto, musician; maristo, sailor;
aferisto, businessman; posˆtisto, postal worker;
(leter)portisto, (letter) carrier

Question 23

—obl—

Answer 23

denotes multiplication, -ple duobla, twofold; triobla, triple; multobla, manifold

Question 24

—on—

Answer 24

denotes fraction, -th duono, half; kvarono, quarter; du trionoj, 2/3; dekono,
tenth; sep okonoj, 7/8; dekonajˆo, tithe

Question 25

—op—

Answer 25

collective numeral (number of elements together, in a group) unuope, one at a time; duope, in twos (pairs), two by two; triope, in threes, three by three

Question 26

—uj—

Answer 26

container, receptacle, holder (also countries) inkujo, inkwell; monujo, purse; cˆapelujo, hatbox; Italujo, Italy (holds Italians); abelujo, beehive

Question 27

—ul—

Answer 27

``` denotes individual (person) junulo, youth; drinkulo, drunkard; maljunulino, an old woman; sanktulo, saint; bonulo, a good person ```

Question 28

—um—

Answer 28

no definite meaning: sense is defined by usage or context malvarmumo, a cold; manumo, cuff; krucumi, to crucify; plenumi, to fulfill, perform; okulumi, to ogle

Question 29

—cˆj—, | —nj—

Answer 29

affectionate endings patro, father: pacˆjo, daddy; panjo, mom; Roberto, Rocˆjo, “Bob”;

Question 30

bo—

Answer 30

relative by marriage, in-law bopatrino, mother-in-law; bofrato, brother-in-law

Question 31

dis—

Answer 31

separation, dispersal, dis- disjˆeti, to scatter about; dissemi, disseminate; disdoni, dispense, distribute; dissendi, broadcast

Question 32

ek—

Answer 32

commencement, suddenness ekdormi, to fall asleep; ekbruli, to catch fire; ekflami, burst into flames; ekiri, to set off

Question 33

eks—

Answer 33

former, ex- eksregˆo, ex-king; eksprezidento, ex-president; eksigˆi, leave office, resign, retire

Question 34

fi—

Answer 34

filthy, disgusting, pornographic fimensa, dirty-minded

Question 35

ge—

Answer 35

both sexes together gepatroj, parents; gefratoj, brother(s) and sister(s); geknaboj, boy(s) and girl(s); geonkloj, uncle(s) and aunt(s)

Question 36

mal—

Answer 36

direct opposite, in- malgranda, little; malbela, ugly; malbona, bad; malaperi, to disappear; malami, to hate

Question 37

mis—

Answer 37

wrong, mis- miskompreni, to misunderstand

Question 38

pra—

Answer 38

primordiality, remoteness of relationship praarbaro, primitive forest; prahistorio, history of the distant past; pravorto, primitive word; pranevino, grandniece; praonklino, great aunt

Question 39

re—

Answer 39

revidi, re-see (see again); rekanti, re-sing; relegi, to reread; redoni, return, restore