Sumakses

Question 1

Describe how would you validate the specificity of a method used to detect a particular analyte in the presence of potential difference?

Answer 1

Specificity demonstrates the method’s ability to measure the target analyte in the presence of other components

To validate the specificity of a method, you would design experiments to challenge the method’s ability to differentiate your analyte from potential interferences.

1. Start by identifying potential interferences like impurities, degradation products, and matrix components.
2. Then, test blank samples (without analyte) and
3. Test samples spiked with interferences to see if they produce a signal, ideally looking for no interference at the analyte’s specific detection point.
4. Compare your results

Question 2

Explain how temperature variations can affect accuracy of glassware calibration?

Answer 2

Volumetric glassware is calibrated to contain or deliver a specific volume at a standard temperature, usually 20°C. When used at a different temperature, the glass itself expands or contracts, changing the actual volume it holds. This thermal expansion directly affects the accuracy of measurements, as the recorded volume no longer matches the glassware’s true capacity.

Question 3

Discuss how variation in the material and manufacturing process of glassware can affect its calibration.

Answer 3

Variations in glass material and manufacturing directly impact glassware calibration by affecting its dimensional stability and thermal expansion.

Different glass types (e.g., borosilicate vs. soda-lime) have varying coefficients of expansion and chemical resistance, meaning their actual volume changes differently with temperature or exposure to chemicals. Imperfections from manufacturing, like uneven wall thickness or annealing stresses, can lead to subtle volume discrepancies that deviate from the etched mark, thus affecting accuracy even before use.

Question 4

Analyze the cumulative effect of small systematic errors in the calibration of pipette. How would these error propagate through multiple steps in a complex titration experiment?

Answer 4

Systematic errors in pipette calibration, even tiny ones, add up directly across multiple steps in a titration. This consistent bias means the final result will be systematically inaccurate, never truly reflecting the correct value. Unlike random errors that average out, these fixed errors lead to a consistent deviation, compromising the overall accuracy of the experiment.

Question 5

Analyze how improper handling and storage of glassware can affect its calibration. Provide recommendations for proper handling and storage practices to maintain accuracy. Make it short, simple, and in 3 sentences.

Answer 5

Improper handling like dropping or banging glassware can cause subtle physical distortions, altering its calibrated volume.

Storing glassware improperly, such as stacking or exposing it to extreme temperatures, can lead to scratches, stress, or permanent deformation, directly impacting its accuracy

. To maintain calibration, always handle glassware gently by its thickest parts, clean it thoroughly after each use, and store it upright in designated racks away from temperature extremes.