Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BPT > Summary Book Rheumatology > Flashcards

Summary Book Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Movements initiated by radial nerve. Associate with C6 and 7.

A

C6 - elbow flexion and brachioradialis. C6/7 - wrist extension. C7 - triceps, elbow extension and finger extension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Movements initiated by median nerve. Associate with C8 and T1.

A

C8 - 1st and 2nd DIP flexion, and thumb flexion. T1 - thumb abduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Movements initiated by ulnar nerve. Associate with C8 and T1.

A

C8 - 3rd and 4th finger flexion. C8 and T1 - finger 4 abduction. T1 - 1st finger abduction and finger adduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Compare crystals of gout and pseudogout

A

Gout - monosodium urate, needle shaped, negative birefringence. Pseudogout - calcium pyrophosphate, rhomboid shaped, positive birefringence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Compare xray findings of gout and pseudogout

A

Gout - erosive arthritis with soft tissue swelling. Pseudogout - chondrocalcinosis. Both are asymmetrical deforming peripheral oligoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Management of gout. Acute, prophylaxis and urate lowering.

A

Acute: 1. NSAID or colchicine. 2. Prednisolone - aim uric acid level <0.4. Prophylaxis: colchicine, weight loss, diet modification. Urate Lowering: allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) or IL-1 blocker for refractory gout (anakinm).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Systems involved in rheumatoid arthritis

A

Cushingoid, joints, eyes, cardio, resp, splenomegaly, vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe key features of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Symmetrical deforming, small joint predominant peripheral arthropathy; with morning stiffness, joint pain/swelling, fatigue and possible paraesthesia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Signs of rheumatoid arthritis

A

elbow subcutaneous nodules, sicca, ILD, pleural effusion, possible anaemia, peripheral neuropathy, splenomegaly, pericarditis, raynauds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis

A

smoking, FHx (HLA-DR4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Poor prognostic factors for rheumatoid arthritis

A

increased number of joints, extra-articular involvement, high rheumatoid factor and anti-ccp, erosions on xray, HLA-DR4 positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Serum findings for rheumatoid arthritis

A

rheumatoid factor sensitive, anti-ccp specific and bad prognosis, FBC - anaemia, CRP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

5 xray findings for rheumatoid arthritis

A
  1. marginal subchondral erosions. 2. symmetrical narrowing of joint space. 3. juxta-articular osteopenia. 4. periarticular soft tissue swelling. 5. deformities.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MRI findings for rheumatoid arthritis

A

synovitis, effusions, oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Management of rheumatoid arthritis

A

Non-pharmacological: exercise, braces, smoking cessation, OT/PT. Pharmacological: NSAID, steroids to bridge, DMARD (start early = 1. methotrexate, 2. leflunomide / sulfasalazine / hydroxychloroquine), biologic - anti TNF alpha (if methotrexate and DMARD fail after 6 months). Also manage cardiovascular and osteoporosis risk factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Risk factors of osteoarthritis

A

obesity, family history, joint trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe osteoarthritis

A

asymmetrical deforming peripheral oligoarthritis (knees, DIP (heberden), PIP (bouchard) and 1st CMC). With joint effusions, bony swelling, not warm, tender, crepitations and decreased ROM. Involves progressive loss of synovial cartilage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Serum findings of osteoarthritis

A

normal inflammatory markers, negative RF/anti-ccp to exclude RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Synovial findings of osteoarthritis

A

yellow, increased viscous, decreased cell count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

4 xray findings of osteoarthritis

A
  1. joint space narrowing. 2. osteophytes. 3. subchondral sclerosis. 4. subchondral cysts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Management of osteoarthritis

A

exercise, weight loss, NSAIDs, intra-articular corticosteroids, surgery

22
Q

Examination of psoriatic arthritis (HLA B27)

A

hands and cardio

23
Q

Signs of psoriatic arthritis

A

Dactylitis, enthesitis, nail changes (pitting, onycholysis, ridging), functional limitation, anterior uveitis, aortic regurgitation, apical lung fibrosis, psoriatic skin disease (limb extensor, behind the ears, scalp line)

24
Q

Serum findings for psoriatic arthritis

A

CRP, negative autoantibody

25
Q

4 xray findings of psoriatic arthritis

A
  1. erosive arthropathy. 2. pencil in cup. 3. rays not rows. 4. juxta-articular new bone
26
Q

Management of psoriatic arthritis

A

exercise, UV for skin, NSAIDs and intra-articular steroids, methotrexate, anti-TNF alpha (infliximab)

27
Q

Presentation and management of giant cell arteritis

A

Headache, loss of vision, jaw claudication. Steroids.

28
Q

Associations of polyarteritis nodosa

A

peripheral neuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex and clots (chest or abdo pain)

29
Q

Organ involvement and management of microscopic polyangiitis

A

Lung and cyclophosphamide

30
Q

Organ involvement and management of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Lung (dyspnoea, haemoptysis, cough, congestion) and renal. Rituximab, possibly cyclophosphamide or MMF.

31
Q

Organ involvement and management of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

A

Renal, atopic conditions, mononeuritis multiplex and peripheral neuropathy. Cyclophosphamide vs mycophenolate.

32
Q

For management of renal and / or respiratory involvement of vasculitis which agents should be considered

A

Cyclophosphamide for lung or renal. MMF for renal.

33
Q

Investigations for vasculitis

A

ANCA, ESR, UEC, LFT, renal biopsy, imaging

34
Q

Risk factors for vasculitis

A

Other autoimmune conditions, drug reaction (hydralazine, allopurinol, propylthiouracil), leukaemia / lymphoma, hep B/C

35
Q

Presentation for mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

raynauds, arthrtis, Hep C

36
Q

Which organ is associated with microscopic polyangiitis

A

lung

37
Q

General presentation symptoms for vasculitis

A

fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, rash

38
Q

Good questions for steroid and opioid use

A

Exposure over time, changes in dose, complications, weaning

39
Q

What to examine when determining activity of disease for a rheumatological condition

A

Nodules, eyes, anaemia, fibrosis, skin

40
Q

Administration of methotrexate

A

Weekly, monitor for toxicity, give folic acid

41
Q

Potential risk factors of methotrexate

A

Lung fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, skin malignancy, teratogenicity, infection, mouth ulcers, alopecia, pneumonitis

42
Q

Potential risk factors of leflunomide

A

Lung fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, skin malignancy, teratogenicity, infection, mouth ulcers, alopecia, pneumonitis, neuropathy

43
Q

What should be monitored for plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine)

A

Eyes and skin pigmentation

44
Q

Risk factors of sulfasalazine

A

Neutropenia and rash

45
Q

Risk factors of TNF inhibitors

A

TB, infection, skin malignancy, drug induced lupus, MS

46
Q

Give two examples of a JAK Kinase Inhibitor

A

Tofacitinib and Ruxolitinib

47
Q

Risk factors of JAK kinase inhibitors

A

Lipid dysfunction, CVS event, bowel perforation, diverticulitis, clots, shingles, skin malignancy

48
Q

Name a IL 6 drug

A

Tocilizumab

49
Q

Risk factors of IL 6 drugs

A

Bowel perforation, diverticulitis, lipid dysfunction, cytoplasm

50
Q

Important management when taking Rituximab

A

Vaccination against COVID and strep.

BPT (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions