Summative

Question 1

Civics-

Answer 1

The study of the rights and duties of citizenship

Question 2

Citizenship-

Answer 2

Relationship between an individual and state. The state provides rights in return for allegiance from the citizens.

Question 3

Rights-

Answer 3

What is allowed of people or owed to people

Question 4

How do you analyze an image or cartoon?

Answer 4

Ask yourself where does your eyesight naturally go? Then look for the largest text then move to the smaller ones.

Question 5

What is the main idea about democracy?

Answer 5

Democracy is government by the people and is difficult and requires a lot of work.

Question 6

Rule of law-

Answer 6

Equality of all citizens before the law

Question 7

Why did Athens evolve?

Answer 7

There was a lot of inequality such as debt slavery. Draco wrote laws down but made things worse by heavily favoring the rich.

Question 8

Which social class Athens had all the power?

Answer 8

The rich (aristocrats)

Question 9

What would have happened if there was not reform?

Answer 9

Civil War

Question 10

How did Athens evolve Politically?

Answer 10

The assembly (ecclesia) was made bigger and met regularly, council of 400, and position of archon- open to all social classes but the bottom one.

Question 11

How did Athens evolve Legally?

Answer 11

Banned debt slavery, jury of citizens chosen by lottery- challenge Archon’s decisions

Question 12

What was the purpose of the Council of 400 (boule) and the Assembly (ecclesia)?

Answer 12

Council of 400- Set the assembly’s agenda and ran the daily affairs of the city. Assembly (ecclesia)- Made the real decisions

Question 13

Regarding democracy, what fears did the Athenians possess

Answer 13

Fear that the election would be rigged, the common man would be uneducated about the city, and the majority could make laws that work in their favor and hurt the minority.

Question 14

Who was excluded from Athenian democracy?

Answer 14

Women, children, slaves, foreigners, and those who didn’t own land.

Question 15

What was Socrates’ goal for us and what reservations did he have regarding democracy?

Answer 15

Socrates wanted people to think logically, be more independent, not be impacted by other’s opinions, and free. Reservations- He did not think each thought was worth listening to and the majority is not always right.

Question 16

How do you determine the authority of the site

Answer 16

Find who oversees the site, if there is any contact information to find out about this person/group, and does the site have a reliable domain.

Question 17

How do you determine the accuracy of the site?

Answer 17

Is it easy to see who wrote the information?, Are all factual claims supported by cited sources? Are there any obvious grammatical or spelling errors and was the page/site updated somewhat recently?

Question 18

How do you determine the motivation of the site?

Answer 18

Is there any bias that you notice in the information? Is it trying to sell anything? Are the ads clearly separate from the information presented?

Question 19

Why should you use common sense when you vet a website?

Answer 19

Just because something is on the internet DOES NOT MEAN it is true. Any person on the internet and with spare time can create a website. There is little or no government monitoring or control of what is published on websites.

Question 20

What type of Government did Rome establish and briefly describe it?

Answer 20

A republic where citizens have the right to vote on their leaders.

Question 21

What were the Twelve Tables?

Answer 21

The first written law code that included the rule of law and patricians (aristocrats) could not interpret the law to their liking anymore.

Question 22

Tribune-

Answer 22

Protected the rights of the plebians from unfair patrician officials.

Question 23

Consul-

Answer 23

Command the army, direct the government. Limitations- 1 year term limit, wait ten years again, veto, and two consuls

Question 24

Senate-

Answer 24

Control foreign policy, influence domestic policy, they make decrees. 300 members, term- life. Limitations- Does not make laws

Question 25

Assemblies-

Answer 25

Make laws and elect leaders

Question 26

Dictator-

Answer 26

Made absolute decisions. Limitations- Only in time of crisis and had a six month term limit.

Question 27

Machiavelli-

Answer 27

Monarchs should rule, focus should be on gaining and keeping power, they should do everything it takes to keep power, and people should follow their orders.

Question 28

Hobbes-

Answer 28

A powerful king with the authority to punish those who didn’t follow the rules should rule, if a leader is bad people should not care if they’re strong, the state of nature is every man for himself and it’s a survival of the fittest, he believed in a social contract where people agree to give up some freedom in exchange for protection.

Question 29

Locke-

Answer 29

Government should rule and protect citizen’s property, life, and health. State of nature is peaceful with natural rights and social contract. Vocab- natural rights and equality, liberty, property, and unalienable. If leader is bad, people’s responsibility is to overthrow him and rebuild the government.

Question 30

Montesquieu-

Answer 30

Two types of governments are democratic republic (the people elect a representative) and aristocratic republic (where rich or noble people govern the commoners). Montesque wrote about rule of law (all citizens are equal including government members) and he thought of separation of power to so branch has the power to abuse the rights of people. The branches are legislative, judicial, and executive.

Question 31

Rousseau-

Answer 31

State of nature- A peaceful time where people can get everything they need from nature. He thought direct democracy is best where all citizens vote on the decisions affecting society and the majority wins. He thought that type of govt would give everyone equal political power. He was against representatives since they could never give another person’s will. He was also against protecting the minority on issues.

Question 32

Which philosophe was the most influential on America’s structure of government?

Answer 32

Montesque because the US is a democratic republic, and he influenced the creation of the separation of powers in the US.

Question 33

What does the Gini Index measure?

Answer 33

The distribution of income across a population. 0 means no inequality and 1 means high.

Question 34

What is the trend of America’s Gini score? Is this concerning, why or why not?

Answer 34

The US’s Gini Index is steadily increasing. This is concerning because the US’s inequality is increasing therefore more people are suffering and there is a loss to the country’s income since more people are less likely to buy from companies so they’re losing money.

Question 35

army

Answer 35

All landowners. Politicians had to serve ten years for test of loyalty and to gain an understanding.