Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

REVIEWERS FOR PHILOSOPHY > SUMMATIVE 2.FOR PHILOSOPHY > Flashcards

SUMMATIVE 2.FOR PHILOSOPHY Flashcards

(81 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Who are the 3 Empiricist?

A
  1. John Locke
  2. George Berkeley
  3. David Hume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is Epistemology according to Ayn Rand?

A

Epistemology is a science devoted to the discovery of the proper method of acquiring and validating knowledge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is a knowledge acquired through the experiences derived from the senses.

A

Empiricism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How to Acquire Knowledge?

A

Empiricism and Rationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Rationalism?

A
  • opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who are the 3 Rationalists?

A
  1. Rene Descartes
  2. Baruch Spinoza
  3. Gottfried Leibniz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the processes to Acquire Knowledge?

A
  1. Reality
  2. Perception
  3. Conception
  4. Proposition
  5. Inference
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

we noticed what is similar.

A

Conception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

this is where we clarify things. this is under Conception.

A

Abstraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reality is…

A

to know is to know something (reality, existence, being)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

statement that express assertion or a denial

A

Proposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A group of statements where we can find one or two premises and a conclusion.

A

Arguments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

it provides arguments

A

Inference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

It is an instance of a form of reasoning in which conclusion is drawn

A

Syllogism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

it has premises and a conclusion

A

Syllogism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

To know whether the claim is true or false, it must undergo in the process of…

A

Verification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

It must undergo the process of verification to know whether the claim is…

A

true or false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

For science, truth is something…

A

observable and empirical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

It has various views that can help us tackle the concept of knowing the truth.

A

Philosophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

they emphasize belief as a basis for determining truth

A

Philosophers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Give me 3-5 systematic doubt analysis

A
  1. A belief is true if it can be justified or proven through the use of one’s senses.
  2. A belief is true if it is based on facts
  3. Having people agree on a common belief (yet with limitations)
  4. A person must prove his statement to action
  5. A claim must be subjected to test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

It is a common belief or popular opinion.

A

Doxa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

refers to a principle system of understanding or knowledge

A

Episteme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In philosophy, there is no generally acceptable definition of ______. However, there are various theories of _____

A

Truth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
[‘True’] is a word we all understand, but if we try to explain it, we can easily get involved in a maze of confusion. according to______
Frank Ramsey
26
What are the seeking of the truth by the human person?
1. External 2. Internal 3. mankind has its locus and thinking, its central activity
27
Which of the 3 seeking of the truth by the human person is physical faculty and spiritual?
Spiritual Faculty 3. The mankind has its locus and thinking, its central activity Physical Faculty 1. External 2. Internal
28
This is the sight, smell, touch, hear, taste
External
29
This is memory, imagination, consciousness, and instinct
Internal
30
In order to seek out reality, man must attain full enlightenment. This proverb is according to
Buddhism
31
In Buddhism, what do they mean by "an Enlightened one"?
Forgetting human/manly desires.
32
The goal of thinking is to know the ultimate
The Ultimate Truth
33
What are the characteristics of the Ultimate Truth?
1. Resides the intellectual. 2. It is immutable. 3. It is absolute. 4. It is eternal.
34
The human person has two powers of the mind, according to??
Rene Descartes and St. Thomas Aquinas
35
What are the 2 powers of mind?
1. The intellect 2. The will
36
It is: - Thinking and reasoning - Making wise decisions - pursue truths of a higher order
The intellect
37
The intellect is also called...
Universally True
38
The will is divided into 3, what are these parts?
a. Conscience b. Moral Decisions c. Action
39
The will is also called...
Universally good
40
this thing adds to our decision making
Conscience
41
It is free from coercion
Action
42
It can make us choose freely
Moral Decisions
43
He believes that at birth, the mind is a tabula rasa
John Locke
44
what is tabula rasa?
blank slate
45
He is considered as the central figure of modern philosophy.
Immanuel Kant
46
A judgement, viewpoint, or statement that is considered to be subjective
Opinion
47
The human person has 3 ways of "taking-something-to-be-true" or
Fürwahrhalten
48
It is a judgement that a cognition which is presented is true
Fürwahrhalten
49
what are the 3 ways of taking-something-to-be-true or Fürwahrhalten?
1. Opinion 2. Knowledge 3. Belief
50
Among the 3 ways of Fürwahrhalten, which is the most problematic and why?
Opinion. Since it is neither subjectively nor objectively sufficient. It is just a form of preliminary judging.
51
Conscious judgement on the basis of both subjective and objective grounds.
Knowledge
52
a claim on the basis of subjective ground but without any objective.
Belief
53
A conscious acceptance of a claim without subjective or objective
Opinion
54
_______ can only be convincing if it is necessarily valid for everyone.
Truth
55
Differentiate Conviction to Persuasion
Conviction gives rise to an assertion while Persuasion can be taken as valid only privately.
56
It appeals to reason
Conviction
57
It creates belief and intellectual agreement.
Conviction
58
It appeals to emotion.
Persuasion
59
It stirs and influences the audience.
Persuasion
60
How to evaluate Opinion?
1. Source 2. Reliability 3. Purpose 4. Bias 5. Assumption
61
Assess how the person is very knowledgeable about the topic.
Reliability
62
It is where a person believes it is true but now makes an effort to prove it.
Assumption
63
to evaluate source, one must consider:
a. Reputation b. Audience whom it was intended for c. authentic documents should be provided as proof
64
the author is prejudiced or against the idea or not
Bias
65
Make sure to evaluate a particular viewpoint for reasoning and evidence.
Purpose
66
What is an argument that contains a mistake in reasoning
Logical Fallacy
67
Mistakes in reasoning that occur because the premises are logically irrelevant to the conclusion.
Fallacies of Relevance
68
Mistakes in reasoning that occur due to the failure of providing sufficient evidence to support the conclusion.
Fallacy of insufficient evidence
69
Assuming that what is true of part, is true for the whole
Fallacy of Composition
70
Assuming that what is true for the whole is true for its part.
Fallacy of Division
71
things under Fallacies of Relevance
- Personal Attack - Scare Tactics - Appeal to Pity - Appeal to tradition - Begging to question - Cause and effect
72
Assuming cause and effect relationship between a related event
Cause and effect
73
the idea is acceptable because it has been true for a long time
Appeal to tradition
74
An arguer threatens harm to a reader or listener and this threat is irrelevant to the truth of the arguer's conclusion.
Scare Tactics
75
Arguer rejects a person's argument or claim by attacking the person's character.
Personal Attack
76
An arguer attempts to evoke feelings of pity or compassion.
Appeal to Pity
77
An arguer states or assumes as a premise (reason) the very thing he is seeking to probe as a conclusion.
Begging to Question
78
has a principle of "esse is percipi"
George Berkeley
79
Esse is percipi means...
to be is to be perceived
80
Cogito ergo sum means...
I think therefore I am
81
"I think therefore I am" is by...
Rene Descartes

REVIEWERS FOR PHILOSOPHY (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions