summer 2018 terminology Flashcards
(39 cards)
Parallel construction
A balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure.
euphemism
a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarassing
parallel construction example
“so calm as that bull elephant - or so casually determined upon destruction.”
euphemism example
pushing up the daisies, kicked the bucket
anaphoric repetition
the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve a specific effect.
anaphoric repetition example
let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of new york
adverbial
an adverbial phrase is a group of words that together, function as an adverb in a sentence. If your phrase is adverbial, it’s ‘head word’ - the word the phrase cannot live without - will be an adverb.
Adverbial example
He left the meeting VERY QUICKLY
paranthesis
can be used to mark out a comment of explanation from the rest of the text. an additional clause to provide more information using brackets, commas, or dashes.
paranthesis example
My sister’s autobiography, listed as fiction, is a bestseller in the bookshops!
litotes
ironic understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary
litotes example
EG: ‘It’s not the best weather today’ (in the middle of a hurricane)
noun phrase
A noun phrase is a group of words that, together, function as a noun in a sentence. If your phrase is a noun phrase, its ‘head word’ – the word the phrase cannot live without – will be a noun.
noun phrase example
EG: I jumped aboard the BRIGHT RED BUS.
tricolon/triadic structure
a pattern of three words or phrases
tricolon/triadic structure example
Live long, live happily, live free
adjectival
An adjectival phrase is a group of words that, together, function as an adjective in a sentence. If your phrase is adjectival, its ‘head word’ – the word the phrase cannot live without – will be an adjective.
adjectival examples
You really are DISGUSTINGLY UGLY
Satire
A piece of writing that pokes fun at a societal establishment. (uses sarcasm, ridicule, irony)
satire examples
‘All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.’
‘Animal Farm’ Orwell
colloquialism
informal language
colloquialism examples
bloke, fella, gonna, dat
Register
the level of formality within a text
Register example
A letter to a member of parliament would be written with a high register.
