Summer Terminology

Question 1

What is the active voice?

Answer 1

(The opposite of passive voice) Any sentence with an active verb that is used to express more energy and command of the essay

Question 2

What is the active verb in the active voice of “Johnny Appleseed planted his seeds in the garden”?

Answer 2

Planted, its an active verb

Question 3

What is ad hominem?

Answer 3

An attack on the person rather than the issues at hand

Question 4

When is ad hominem most commonly used?

Answer 4

Election year

Question 5

What is alliteration?

Answer 5

The repetition of a phonetic sound at the beginning of several words in a sentence

Question 6

What is allusion?

Answer 6

A reference that recalls another work, another time in history, another famous person, and so forth

Question 7

What is anadiplosis?

Answer 7

Technique of repetition where the last word of the clause begins the next clause

Question 8

What is analogy?

Answer 8

A term that signifies a relational comparison of similarity between two objects or ideas

Question 9

What is anaphora?

Answer 9

The deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several successive poetic lines, prose sentences, clause, or paragraphs

Question 10

What is anastrophe?

Answer 10

The reversal of the natural order of words in a sentence or line of poetry

Question 11

What is antithesis?

Answer 11

An observation or claim that is in opposition to your claim or an author’s claim

Question 12

What is aphorism?

Answer 12

A brief statement of an opinion or elemental truth

Question 13

What is apostrophe?

Answer 13

Prayer-like, this is a direct address to someone who is not present, to a deity or muse, or to some other power

Question 14

What is appostive?

Answer 14

Noun phrase, an appositive modifies the noun next to it

Question 15

What is an argument from ignorance?

Answer 15

An argument stating that something is true because it has never been proven false

Question 16

What is asyndeton?

Answer 16

The deliberate omission of conjunctions from a series of related independent clauses

Question 17

What is bandwagon?

Answer 17

Vox populi, argument is the “everyone’s doing it” fallacy and is especially appreciated

Question 18

What is begging the question?

Answer 18

Argument occurs when the speaker states a claim that includes a word or phrase that needs to be defined before the argument can proceed

Question 19

What is cause and effect?

Answer 19

Post hoc ergo propter hoc, falls under the general umbrella of a causality fallacy or false cause

Question 20

What is chiasmus?

Answer 20

An ABBA syntactical structure rather than the more common parallel ABAB structure

Question 21

What is a complex sentence?

Answer 21

A sentence structure that is a combination of a dependent clause and an independent clause

Question 22

What is a compound sentence?

Answer 22

A sentence structure made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction

Question 23

What is a compound-complex sentence?

Answer 23

A combination of a compound and a complex sentence

Question 24

What is connotation?

Answer 24

The associations or moods that accompany a word

Question 25

What is a declarative sentence?

Answer 25

A basic statement or an assertion and most common type of sentence

Question 26

What is a jargon?

Answer 26

A pattern of speech and vocabulary associated with a particular group of people

Question 27

What is juxtaposition?

Answer 27

Making one idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite

Question 28

What is logos?

Answer 28

An appeal to reason, writer tries to convince audience of the logic of his argument

Question 29

What is a loose sentence?

Answer 29

An independent clause followed by all sorts of debris, usually dependent clauses

Question 30

What is malapropism?

Answer 30

A wonderful form of word play in which one word is mistakenly substituted for another that sounds similar

Question 31

What is a metaphor?

Answer 31

A figure of speech in which what is unknown is compared to something that is known in order to better gauge its importance

Question 32

What is metonymy?

Answer 32

A minor figure of speech in which the name of one thing is substituted for another with which it is closely associated

Question 33

What is non sequitur?

Answer 33

Literally means "it does not follow", an argument by misdirection and is logically irrelevant

Question 34

What is an object?

Answer 34

A noun toward which thought, feeling, or action is directed

Question 35

What is onomatopoeia?

Answer 35

A minor figure of speech in which a sound imitates the thing or action associated with it

Question 36

What is oxymoron?

Answer 36

Two words that together create a sense of opposition

Question 37

What is a paradox?

Answer 37

A major figure of speech that seeks to create a mental discontinuity

Question 38

What is parallel syntax?

Answer 38

Parallelism, a pattern of language that creates a rhythm of repetition often combined with some other language of repetition

Question 39

What is parentheticals?

Answer 39

Phrases, sentences, and words inside parentheses

Question 40

What is a subject?

Answer 40

The formal term for the noun that is the basic focus of the sentence

Question 41

What is the subordinate conjucntion?

Answer 41

A conjunction that makes an independent clause into a dependent clause

Question 42

What is syllogism?

Answer 42

A three-part argument construction in which two premises lead to a truth

Question 43

What is synecdoche?

Answer 43

Minor figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole

Question 44

What is syntax?

Answer 44

The study of the rules of grammar that define the formation of sentences

Question 45

What is synthesis?

Answer 45

To unite or synthesize a variety of sources to achieve a common end

Question 46

What is theme?

Answer 46

The basic message or meaning conveyed through elements of character and conflict

Question 47

What is thesis?

Answer 47

The writer's statement of purpose