Superfamily Ascaridoidea

Question 1

List the ascaridoideas. What kind of worm are they?

Answer 1

Roundworms!!!

1. Toxocara canis
2. Toxocara cati
3. Toxocara leonina
4. Baylisascaris procyonis
5. Parascaris equorum
6. Ascaris suum

Question 2

What is the predilection site of ascarids? What is the common CS?

Answer 2

Small intestine, worm load causes obstruction and pot belly

Question 3

What age group do ascarids infect the most?

Answer 3

Young!! age related immunity

Question 4

What are the modes of transmission in toxocara canis?

Answer 4

per os, TRANSPLACENTAL, paratenic host

** arrested larvae in mom migrates to the placenta and affects newborn pups

Question 5

What does the toxocara canis egg look like?

Answer 5

Dark brown, avg size, thickkk shell

Question 6

What are the CS of toxocara canis?

Answer 6

pot belly, obstruction of SI, pneumonia from lung migration

Question 7

What is the treatment plan for toxocara canis?

Answer 7

Treat migrating L4, IA in mom when pregnant

treat puppies (before eggs are seen) and mom @ 2,4 ,6, 8 weeks of age

Question 8

Is toxocara canis zoonotic?

Answer 8

YES!! causes visceral larval migrans and ocular larval mirgans in humans

Question 9

What is the PPP of toxocara canis? When will you see CS?

Answer 9

3-5 weeks . you will see CS before PPP

Question 10

What does a toxocaris leonita egg look like? how does it differ from toxocara canis?

Answer 10

oval, thick shell

tox. canis has a round egg and it DARK BROWN

Question 11

Which parasite is a lazy larvae? What does this mean?

Answer 11

Toxascaris leonita- no lung migration!

this means its not zoonotic

Question 12

What is the PPP os toxascaris leonita?

Answer 12

11 weeks.

cats and dogs < 4 months not affected

Question 13

What is the predilection site of toxascaris leonita?

Answer 13

adults in SI , no lung migration

Question 14

What is the lifecycle of Toxascaris leonita?

Answer 14

direct with infective L3

Question 15

What is the lifecycle of Toxascara canis and cati?

Answer 15

Direct, infective L3 inside the egg

Question 16

Is baylisascaris procyonis zoonotic?

Answer 16

YES extremely!! main concern for humans.

hepatic tracheal migration, visceral larval migrans, ocular larval migrans,

LARVA can migrate to the BRAIN!!!

Question 17

What are the hosts of baylisascaris procyonis?

Answer 17

Final host: raccoons

Accidental host: DOG

zoonotic to humans

Question 18

What is the treatment plan for parascaris equorum?

Answer 18

prophylactically treat young foals before PPP!!

treat slowly to kill worms

Question 19

What are the CS of parascaris equorum?

Answer 19

hepatic tracheal migration- passing bronchitis and pneumonia in young foals, unthrifty

Question 20

What is the lifecycle of parascaris equorum?

Answer 20

Direct, infective L3 inside the egg

Question 21

What is the PPP of parascaris equorum?

Answer 21

3 months

Question 22

What is the paratenic host of ascaris suum? What is the final host?

Answer 22

PH: Earthworm, dung beetles

Final host: PIGS!!

Question 23

Is ascaris suum zoonotic?

Answer 23

YES!! can cause allergic rxn in humans

Question 24

What does an ascaris suum egg look like?

Answer 24

Round, thick shell, mammilated (curly bumpy outer shell)

Question 25

What is the pathogenesis seen in ascaris suum?

Answer 25

MILK SPOTS on condemned liver !!!

Question 26

What is the treatment plan of ascaris suum?

Answer 26

Treat piglets at weaning wash moms before farrowing

Question 27

Who is most affected by ascaris suum?

Answer 27

INDOOR AND OUTDOOR baby piglets! (weanlings) can get CS of transient pneumonia < 4 months of age

Question 28

What are the CS of ascaris suum?

Answer 28

transient pneumonia in pigs < 4 months of age, hepatic larval migration, unthrifty milk spots on condemned liver

Question 29

What is the predilection site of ascaris suum?

Answer 29

HUGEEEE adults in SI

Question 30

What is the lifecycle of ascaris suum?

Answer 30

Direct with infective L3 inside the egg

Question 31

What is the street name of heterakis?

Answer 31

poultry cecal worm

Question 32

What is the final host of ascaridia? What age is most affected?

Answer 32

Birds, chickens specifically young birds

Question 33

What is the final host of heterakis?

Answer 33

Birds

Question 34

What is the largest nematode in poultry?

Answer 34

Ascaridia spp. - the avian roundworm

Question 35

What is the clinical importance of heterakis?

Answer 35

heterakis itself is not a problem but the heterakis egg contains a protozoa know as HISTOMONAS MELEAGRIDIS which causes BLACKHEADS in TURKEYS causing 100% death rate

Question 36

What parasite causes blackheads in turkeys?

Answer 36

the protozoa histomonas meleagridis that is found in the egg of heterakis (poultry cecal worm)

Question 37

What is the predilection site of heterakis?

Answer 37

small worms in the LARGE INTESTINE

Question 38

What is the predilection site of acaridia?

Answer 38

LARGE adult worms in the SMALL intestine