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MYCOLOGY - VIROLOGY > Superficial And Cutaenous > Flashcards

Superficial And Cutaenous Flashcards

1
Q

This includes the dermis and first layer of epidermis

A

Superficial

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2
Q

What are the layers of epidermis?

A 
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale / germinativum
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3
Q

Group of fungal spp producing cutaenous infections

A

Dermatophytes

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4
Q

Mode of transmission that is only pathogenic to humans

A

Anthrophilic

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5
Q

Mode of transmission that is pathogenic on animals

A

Zoophilic

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6
Q

Mode of transmission with contact of free living soil that are saprobic

A

Geophilic

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7
Q

Dermatophyte infection of the hair that remains confined to the hair surface

A

Ectothrix / exothrix

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8
Q

Infection of hair that invade the hair shaft and internalize into the hair cell

A

Endothrix

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9
Q

Type of mycoses seen in first layer of epidermis particularly in stratum corneum, essentially elicit no inflammation, Easily diagnosed and treated

A

Superficial

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10
Q

Type of mycoses seen in the superficial and whole epidermis

A

Cutaenous

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11
Q

Type of mycoses that can spread in the entire body and cause diseases in organs

A

Systemic

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12
Q

Type of mycoses which cannot produce dses but can affect immunocompromised people

A

Opportunistic

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13
Q

Disease which can cause discoloration or depigmentation of skin
Lyophilic
Seen in warm / tropic environments
Anthrophilic infxn
Direct or indirect transfer of keratinous material

A

Tinea versicolor or Pityriasis versicolor

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14
Q

Causative agent of Tinea versicolor
Clusters of spherical, yeast like cells w/ hyphal fragments
Spaghetti and meatball appearance
Fluoreces under woods light

A

Malassezia furfur

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15
Q

Malassezia furfur culture requirements?

Appearance?

A

SDA w/ olive oil
Incubate 2-4 days at 30*C

Creamy yeast-like colonies

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16
Q

Treatment on Malassezia furfur?

A

1% of selenium sulfide applied every other day for 15 mins then wash

Ketoconazole or miconazole medicated shampoos

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17
Q

Tropical infxn involves the palms and soles and result to black and brown salty patches
Most common in children and young adults
You can get by inoculation or trauma into epidermis

A

Tinea nigra

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18
Q

Causative agent of Tinea nigra

A

Exophiala werneckii

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19
Q

Exophiala werneckii is formerly called?

A

Cladosporium werneckii

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20
Q

Microscopic appearance of Exophiala werneckii

A

Branched septated hyphae w/ 1-2 celled blastoconidia(budding)

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21
Q

Culture req of Exophiala werneckii

A

SDA ( Saboraud’s dextrose agar) at RT

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22
Q

Culture appearance of Exophiala werneckii

A

Black yeasty colonies w/ an olive green mycelium

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23
Q

Treatment of Exophiala werneckii

A

Anti fungal miconazole / econazole

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24
Q

Hard, brown black crusts on the outside of the hair shaft

Seen in tropical america and africa

A

Black piedra

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25
Q

Causative agent for black piedra

A

Piedraia hortae

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26
Q

Microscopic appearance of Piedraia hortae

A

Thick walled hyphae with ascospores

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27
Q

Culture req of Piedraia hortae

A

SDA at RT

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28
Q

Culture appearance of Piedraia hortae

A

Green black heaped colonies

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29
Q

Treatment of Piedraia hortae

A

Oral terbinafine 250 mg daily for 3 weeks

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30
Q

Light brown soft nodules on scalp hair, beard or mustache that are less firmly attached than black piedra
Seen in tropical and subtropical areas
Associated with poor hygienne

A

White piedra

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31
Q

Causative agent for white piedra

A

Trichosporon beigelii

32
Q

Microscopic appearance of Trichosporon beigelii

A

Hyaline hyphae, blastoconidia and arthrospores

33
Q

Culture req of Trichosporon beigelii

A

SDA at RT

34
Q

Culture appearance of Trichosporon beigelii

A

Siopao; cream colored wrinkled colonies

35
Q

Treatment of Trichosporon beigelii

A

Therapy of high dose Amphotericin B w/ either flucytosine or fluconazole

36
Q

Ringworm of the beard

A

Tinea barbae

37
Q

This includes the superficial up to the whole epidermis

A

Cutaenous

37
Q

Ringworm of scalp

A

Tinea capitis

38
Q

Ringworm of body

Scaly center surrounded by red advancing border that often contains vesicles

A

Tinea corporis

39
Q

Ringworm of groin

A

Tinea cruris

40
Q

Ringworm of foot (athlete’s foot)

Characterized by itching, scales and possible seeping

A

Tinea pedis

41
Q

Tinea pedis is commonly caused by what organism?

A

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

43
Q

Fungal infxn of a nail that is caused by a non-dermatophyte

A

Onychomycosis

44
Q

Ringworm of nails becoming thick and brittle

Fungal infxn of a nail that is caused by a dermatophyte

A

Tinea unguium

45
Q

Type of tinea capitis
Common in children
Caused by Microsporum canis and Microsporum audouinii

A

Gray patch ringworm

46
Q

Type of tinea capitis
An endothrix infxn
Caused by Trichophyton tonsurans

A

Black dot ringworm

47
Q

Type of tinea capitis
An Ectothrix infxn
Caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes

A

Inflammatory

49
Q

Means “moth-like” or “ring-worm”

A

Tinea

50
Q 
Infect hair and skin but rarely nails
Spindle shaped Macroconidia
Rare microconidia
Produce powdery or velvety colonies
Produce fluoresces under woods light
A

Microsporum

51
Q

Spindle shaped
Multi septate with rough surface macroconidia
Has terminal chlamydospores
Fails to grow on sterile, rice grains

A

Microsporum audouinii

52
Q

Produced infection of Microsporum audouinii?

A

Tinea capitis and Tinea corporis

53
Q

Culture appearance of Microsporum audouinii?

A

Cream, tan, light brown velvety colony

Reverse side: Salmon pink or orange brown

54
Q

Spindle shaped
Curved tip and knobby projections Macroconidia
It is zoophilic

A

Microsporum canis

55
Q

Produced infection of microsporum canis?

A

Tinea capitis and Tinea corporis

56
Q

Culture appearance of Microsporum canis

A

Bright yellow periphery

57
Q

Cigar shaped w/ spiny surfaces and rounded tips

It is Geophilic

A

Microsporum gypseum

58
Q

Produced infections of Microsporum gypseum?

A

Tinea canis, Tinea corporis, Tinea unguium

59
Q

Culture appearance of Microsporum gypseum?

A

Cinnamon brown, rose brown, red brown

60
Q 
Hair, skin and nails are affected
 Tear shaped Microconidia
Rare macroconidia (smooth) - Pencil shaped
Powdery, velvety or waxy colonies
Do not fluoresce under woods light
A

Trichophyton

61
Q

Micospores/microconidia arranged in grape-like structures
Hyphae is coiled and spiral
(+) urease
(+) hair baiting test - ectothrix

A

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

62
Q

Produced infections of Trichophyton mentagrophytes

A

Tinea barbae, tinea corporis, tinea pedis, tinea unguium

63
Q

Culture appearance of Trichophyton mentagrophytes

A

White or tan to pink

64
Q

Tear shaped microconidia borne laterally prom long strands of hyphae
Pencil shaped macroconidia
(-) urease
(-) hair baiting test

A

Trichophyton rubrum

65
Q

Produced infections of Trichophyton rubrum

A

Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea unguium

66
Q

Culture appearance of Trichophyton rubrum

A

Cherry red or wine red in corn meal agar

67
Q

Balloon shaped microconidia
Requires thiamine to grow
Endothrix infection

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

68
Q

Produced infections of Trichophyton tonsurans

A

Tinea capitis, corporis, pedis, unguium

69
Q

Culture appearance of Trichophyton tonsurans

A

Yellow rose or rust colored colony

Colonies become heaped and sunken

70
Q

Skin and nails, never hair
Club shape
Monotypic genus with 1-5 cell Macroconidia
Absent microconidia

A

Epidermophyton

71
Q

Club shaped macroconidia

Absent microconidia

A

Epidermophyton floccosum

72
Q

Produced infections of Epidermophyton floccosum

A

Tinea corporis and tinea pedis

73
Q

Culture appearance of Epidermophyton floccosum

A

Volcano with crater; khaki green

Flat suede like structure w/ folded center

74
Q

Treatment of scalp infxn

A

Griseofulvin given 1-2 weeks

75
Q

Treatment of body infxn

A

Miconazole cream, salicylic cream/ benzoic acid

76
Q

Treatment of foot infxn

A

Acute: soak in potassium lermanganate 1:5000j
Chronic: antifungal agents (creams) at night

MYCOLOGY - VIROLOGY (4 decks)

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