Superficial Face

Question 1

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 1

31

Question 2

12 pairs of CN- Most in head only, a few in neck and Vagus travels to _____ and _____.

Answer 2

Thorax and abdomen

Question 3

Special Senses vision, hearing, equilibrium, smell taste is exclusive only to _____ nerves.

Answer 3

Cranial nerves

Question 4

1. Facial features provides _____
2. Allows _____
3. The shape is determined by the underlying _____
4. Changes with age- loss of ___, forms ___

Answer 4

1. Identity
2. Communication
3. Bones
4. Fat, wrinkles

Question 5

What are the openings of facial features? These same areas are continuous with the mucous membrane.

Answer 5

Nostrils, palpebral fissure, oral fissure.

Question 6

Muscles of facial expression (superficial) are within subcutaneous tissue of _____ and _____ scalp, face and neck.

Answer 6

Anterior and posterior

Question 7

_____ and _____ around each orifice.

Answer 7

Sphincter and dilators

Question 8

What is innervation to all the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 8

CN VII Facial

Question 9

Muscles of mastication is innervated by?

Answer 9

Mandibular Division (V3) of CN V Trigeminal

Question 10

Muscles of facial expression are developed from ___ branchial arch which is also called _____.

Answer 10

2nd; branchiomotor

Question 11

The numerous muscles of facial expression originate from bones of the facial skeleton and insert onto the ___ of the face.

Answer 11

skin

Question 12

Muscles of facial expression show much variation in terms of their _____ and their overall _____.

Answer 12

relation; development

Question 13

These muscles atrophy with age, therefore age has a significant effect on how these muscles will _____.

Answer 13

appear

Question 14

Muscles of facial expression form a _____ covering the facial skeleton

Answer 14

blanket

Question 15

Muscles of facial expression act together in groups because their fibers _____, they work together to alter the size or shape of the face.

Answer 15

Interlace

Question 16

Many of the Muscles of facial expression insert together at a central point at the corner of the mouth known as the _____.

Answer 16

Modiolus

Question 17

What are the 3 parts to oribicularis oculi m. and functions?

Answer 17

1. Orbital portion: Close the eye tightly
2. Palpebral portion: Close eyes slightly, blinking.
3. Lacrimal portion: To squeeze the lacrimal duct

Question 18

What is the function of orbicularis oris m.?

Answer 18

Close the mouth and pucker/purse the lips (Kissing muscles)

Question 19

Which muscle:
• originates inferior to the
eye (maxilla)
• inserts in the upper lip
• functions to raise the
upper lip
• Partially overlies the
levator anguli oris

Answer 19

Levator Labii Superioris

Question 20

Which muscle: 
• located just lateral to the nose
• inserting into the upper lip
• functions to elevate the
upper lip and opens (flares) the nostril

Answer 20

Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque- Nasi thin muscle

Question 21

Levator Labii Superioris and Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque- Nasi muscles are the _____ of the upper lip.

Answer 21

Elevators

Question 22

Which muscle: 
• originates below the eye
(canine fossa of maxilla).
• inserts into the angle of
the mouth (modiolus).
• functions to elevate the
corner of the mouth.
• deep to Zygomaticus
muscles.

Answer 22

Levator anguli oris

Question 23

Which muscle:
• originates from the inferior aspect of the body of the mandible.
• Inserts into the angle of the mouth (modiolus).
• functions to move the
angle of the mouth
inferiorly (frowning).
• assisted by posterior fibers of the Platysma.

Answer 23

Depressor anguli oris

Question 24

Which muscle:
•originates from themandible, lateral to the mentalis muscle.
•Inserts into the lower lip (merging with orbicularis oris muscle).
• functions to depress the
lower lip.
• also draws the lower lip
slightly laterally.

Answer 24

Depressor labii inferioris

Question 25

``` Which muscle: • originates from the mental protuberance of the mandible. • Inserts into the skin of the chin (mentolabial sulcus). • functions to elevate and protrude the lower lip and elevates the skin of the chin (pouting). ```

Answer 25

Mentalis

Question 26

Depressor labii inferioris and Mentalis both are the _____ of the lower lip.

Answer 26

Depressors

Question 27

What is the O., I. , and Action of Zygomaticus major muscle?

Answer 27

* originates from lateral aspect of zygomatic bone. * inserts into the corner of the mouth (modiolus). * functions to draw the corner of the mouth superiorlaterally (smile).

Question 28

What is the O., I. , and Action of Zygomaticus minor muscle?

Answer 28

``` • originates from zygomatic bone (medial to zygomaticus major). • Inserts into the skin of the upper lip and the I orbicularis oris muscle. • functions to raise the upper lip (contempt). • Also functions to deepen the nasolabial sulcus (sadness). ```

Question 29

Which muscle: • originates from fascia aponeurosis covering nasal bone and lateral nasal lateral nasal cartilage. • inserts into the skin of the inferior forehead between the eyebrows. • functions to depress medial end of eyebrows and wrinkle skin over dorsum of nose (dislike or disdain).

Answer 29

Procerus

Question 30

``` Which muscle: • Originates from superior portion of canine ridge of maxilla. • Inserts in skin over nasal cartilages. • functions to draw the ala (sides) of nose medially towards the septum (close the nostril). ```

Answer 30

Nasalis (Compressor naris)

Question 31

What is the O., I. , and Action of Risorius muscle?

Answer 31

• originates from Parotid fascia and skin over buccal area – extremely superficial. • inserts into the corner of the mouth (modiolus). • functions to widen the orifice of the mouth (grinning or grimacing).

Question 32

What muscle: • Originates from mandible, alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, and the pterygomanidibular raphe. • Inserts into the angle of the mouth (modiolus) and the orbicularis oris. • functions to press the cheek against molars; resists distension (when blowing), and keeps the cheek taut (smiling). • Deeper plane than other muscles of facial expression.

Answer 32

Buccinator

Question 33

What muscle: • originates from subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions. • inserts into the base of the mandible, skin of cheek and lower lip. • functions to depress mandible and tense skin over neck (shaving).

Answer 33

Platysma

Question 34

What muscle: • Frontal: Originates from epicranial aponeurosis and inserts Fin skin of forehead and eyebrows. Functions to elevate brow and wrinkle skin of forehead (surpris • Occipital: originates from superior nuchal line and inserts into epecranial aponeurosis. Functions to retract scalp; increase tension on frontalis belly.

Answer 34

Occipitofrontalis

Question 35

``` What muscle: • originates from medial end of superciliary arch. • inserts into skin superior to middle of supraorbital margin and supercilliary arch. • functions to draw eyebrows medially and inferiorly (worry or concern). ```

Answer 35

Corrugator supercilii ("The look")