Superficial muscles

Question 1

Masseter

Answer 1

O- Fascial crest & Zygomatic Arch
I- Ramus of mandible
In- Masticatory n
F- Elevates mandible (mastication)

Question 2

Trapezius

Answer 2

O- Nuchal lig & Supraspinous lig (C2- T10)
I- Dorsal 1/3 scapular spine (Thoracic)
   Scapular spine (Cervical)
In- Dorsal branch of accessory n
F- Elevate shoulder
     Scapular - cranio/caudodorsally

Question 3

Temporalis

Answer 3

O- Temporal fossa & medial surface of Zyg arch
I- Coronoid process of the mandible
In-Masticatory n
F- Elevates mandible (mastication)

Question 4

Rhomboideus

Answer 4

O- Nuchal crest & dorso-scapular lig (C2-T8)
I- Medial Scapular cartilage
In- Medioventral branch of local thoracic and cervical n
F- Scapular dorsally & cranially
Elevates head

Question 5

Splenius

Answer 5

O- SP’s T3-T5 via thoracolumber facia & Nuchal lig
I- Nuchal crest & Mastoid process (C2-C5)
In- Dorsal branches of local spinal & accessory n
F- Elevate, Extends & Laterally bends head & neck

Question 6

Sternocephalicus

Answer 6

O- Madibrium sterni
I- Caudal border mandible
In- Ventral branch of accessory n
F- Opens mouth
     Flex head and neck to side of muscle

Question 7

Brachiocephalicus

CleidoMASTIODEUS + CleidoBRACHIALIS

Answer 7

O- Clavicle intersection
I- Mastoid pro. of Temp bone (ClMas)
   Crest of humerus (ClBr)
In- Ventral branch of Acc n (ClMas)
      Axillary n (ClBr)
F- Flex neck  (ClMas)
    Protract limb (ClMas & ClBr)

Question 8

Descending pectorals

Answer 8

O- Manubrium of Sternum
I- Deltoid tuberosity & crest of humerus
In- Cranial & Caudal pectoral n
F- Limb-Trunk connection
    Protract forelimb

Question 9

Transverse Pectorals

Answer 9

O- Costal cartilages 1-6 & Adjacent to sternum
I- Forearm fascia
In- Cranial & Caudal pectoral n
F- Forelimb-trunk attachment
    Abducts the forelimb

Question 10

Triceps Brachii

Long/Medial/Lateral

Answer 10

O- Caudal border of scapular (Long)
      Humerus, deltoid tuberosity (Lateral)
      Medial humerus (Medial)
I- Olecranon
In- Radial n
F- Extend elbow (all)
    Flex shoulder (Long)

Question 11

Extensor carpi Radialis

Answer 11

O- Lateral supracondylar crest & radial fossa
I- Proximodorsal on MC3
In- Radial n
F- Extends carpus

Question 12

Ulnaris Lateralis

Answer 12

O- Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I- Accessory carpal bone & MC4
In- Radial n
F- Flexes carpus

Question 13

Biceps brachii

Answer 13

O- Supraglenoid tubercle
I- Radial tuberosity
   Medial collateral lig
In- Musculocutaneous n
F- Extend shoulder
    Flex Elbow
    Stabilise carpus (stay apparatus)

Question 14

Deltoid

Answer 14

O- Caudal border of scapular & aponeurosis from scapular spine
I- Deltoid tuberosity
In- Axillary n
F- Flex shoulder

Question 15

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 15

O- Supraspinous Lig (T3 caudally to thoracolumb fascia)
I- Teres major
In- Thoracodorsal n
F- Lateral flexion of back
    Flex shoulder
    Retract limb
    Draws Trunk cranially

Question 16

Omotransversarius

Answer 16

O- Shoulder fascia
I- TP's C2-C4
In- Local Cervical n
F- Protract limb
    Bends neck laterally

Question 17

Ascending pectorals

Answer 17

O- Sternum & Distal ribs 4-9 & tunica flava abdominis
I- Major and Minor tubercles of humerus, tendon of coracobrachialis
In- Cranial & Caudal pectoral n
F- Retract limb
Suspend trunk
Stabilise shoulder joint

Question 18

Tensor Fascia Latae

Answer 18

O- Tober coxae
I- Fascia latae on patella
   Lateral patella lig
   Cranial border tibia
   With sup gluteal on 3rd trochanter
In- Cranial gluteal n
F- Flex hip
    Protract HL
    Extends stifle
    Tenses fascia lata

Question 19

Superficial gluteal

Answer 19

O- Tuber coxae & Gluteal fascia
I- 3rd Trochanter & fascia lata
In- Cranial & Caudal gluteal n
F- Flex hip
    Protract and Abduct HL

Question 20

Bicep Femoris

Answer 20

O- SP's + TP's S3-5
     Sacroiliac lig
     Tail fascia
     Tuber ischii
I- Lateral patella
   Lateral & Mid patella lig
   Cranial tibia
   Crural fascia 
   Tarsal tendon to calcaneal
In- Caudal gluteal & Sciatic n
F- Extend hip & stifle & hock
    Flex stifle
    Abduct limb