Surgery MSK

Question 0

What is Becker’s Muscular Dystrophy vs Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 0

Beckers = Insufficient dystrophin due to gene mutation Duchenne = no dystrophin

Question 1

Inheritance pattern of Beckers muscular dystrophy

Answer 1

X-linked

Question 2

Axial traction on elbow causes?

Answer 2

Nursemaids elbow

Question 3

how to tx nursemaids elbow

Answer 3

hyperpronation or….

supination plus flexion

Question 4

Tennis Elbow

Answer 4

Lateral Epicondylitis with repetitive contraction of extensor muscles

Question 5

Golfer Elbow

Answer 5

Medial Epicondylitis - tenderness over medial epicondyle with wrist flexion

Question 6

Panner disease

Answer 6

Osteochondrosis of capitellum

Question 7

unclers from venous insufficiency occur where

Answer 7

medial malleolus

Question 8

medial malleolus ulcers caused by what

Answer 8

venous insufficiency (venous valve incompetence)

Question 9

What causes diabetic foot ulcers

Answer 9

1. peripheral neuropathy
2. microvascular insufficiency
3. immunosuppression

Question 10

Pain between 3rd and 4th toes

Answer 10

Morton Neuroma

Question 11

Hypermetabolic phase (post burn phase )

Answer 11

increases in catecholamines and cortisol

because muscle degradation is used for metabolism

associated with elevated Cardiac Output

Question 12

Planta fasciitis

Answer 12

burning pain on plantar side of foot. Pain decreases with activity. Common with runners

Question 13

MC rotator cuff injured muscle

Answer 13

supraspinatus

Question 14

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Answer 14

SITS:

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Question 15

Fall on outstretched hand may tear what

What about Fall on outstretched hand in old lady

What about Fall on outstretched hand in young kid

Answer 15

rotator cuff

old lady = Colle’s fracture (distal radius displaced)

young kid = scaphoid fracture

Question 16

winged scapula

Answer 16

Long thoracic nerve cut to serratus anterior muscle

Question 17

what is drop arm test

Answer 17

may detect rotator cuff tear

Question 18

Popeye sign

Answer 18

weakness with supination with intact forearm flexion denotes

long head of biceps rupture

Question 19

Klumpkes Palsy

Answer 19

from sudden upward pulling on the arm

usually ulnar nerve

weakness and atrophy of hypothenar and interosseous muscles

“claw hand deformity”

Question 20

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Answer 20

compression of tibial nerver. usually from fracture of ankle bones. May radiate up to calf

Question 21

Tenosynovitis

Answer 21

inflammation of tendon and synovial sheath. from overuse or puncture wound/bite. Pain with flexion/extension

Question 22

sprain treatment

Answer 22

RICE

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

Question 23

non-displaced scaphoid fracture

Answer 23

immobilization 6 weeks

Question 24

fracture of what metatarsal requires a cast

Answer 24

5th metatarsal (Jones fracture)

Question 25

what nerve supplies anterior thigh

Answer 25

femoral nerve

Question 26

what nerve supplies posterior thigh

Answer 26

tibial nerve

Question 27

what nerve supplies plantar flexion of foot

Answer 27

TipPed Tibial inverts and plantar flexes Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes

Question 28

what nerve innervates medial upper thigh

Answer 28

obturator nerve

Question 29

Thigh innervation

Answer 29

Question 30

midshaft humerus what nerve

Answer 30

radial nerve damage (poor extension of hand) or ulnar nerve damage (resulting claw hand)

Question 31

McMurray Test positive in

Answer 31

torn meniscus McMurray = M M = Medial Meniscus

Question 32

ACL vs. Meniscus

Answer 32

ACL = immediate swelling and inability to bear weight Meniscus = swelling the next day but can bear weight

Question 33

Anserine bursitis

Answer 33

tenderness over medial knee

Question 34

ACL tear positive tests

Answer 34

Lachman Anterior Droor Pivot shift

Question 35

Valgus stress test positive in

Answer 35

MCL tear

Question 36

Varus Stress test positive in

Answer 36

LCL tear

Question 37

Trendelenberg sign muscles

Answer 37

gluteus muscle

Question 38

gluteus medius and minimus innervated by

Answer 38

superior gluteal nerver

Question 39

tensor fascia lata does what

Answer 39

hib abduction and maintenance of knee extension

Question 40

quadratus lumborum does what

Answer 40

rib cage fixation and lateral flexion of trunk

Question 41

quadriceps femoris (4 muscles) does what which one acts as hip flexor

Answer 41

leg extension (rectus femoris = hip flexor)

Question 42

Anterior Dislocation holds arm in what way

Answer 42

abducted and externally rotated

Question 43

Dislocation from a seizure

Answer 43

posterior dislocation

Question 44

Posterior dislocation description

Answer 44

adducted with internal rotation and humeral head light bulb sign

Question 45

Avascular Necrosis on x-ray

Answer 45

alternating regions of lucency and density reflect replacement of necrotic bone with new bone.

Question 46

Avascular Necrosis of the femoral captial epiphysis

Answer 46

Legg-Calve-Perthes dz

Question 47

thigh atrophy and antalgic gait with decreased hip range of motion

Answer 47

Legg-calve-perthes disease

Question 48

Worry about entrapment of what

Answer 48

Supracondylar Fracture of Humerus Entrapment of Brachial Artery or Median Nerve

Question 49

What dis?

Answer 49

Volkman Contracture from obstruction on the brachial artery near the elbow, possibly from improper use of a tourniquet, improper use of a plaster cast, orcompartment syndrome. ischaemia/necrosis of the muscle fibres of the flexor group of muscles of the forearm, especially M. flexor digitorum profundus and M. flexor pollicis longus which becomes fibrotic and short.

Question 50

Cubitus Varus SE of what?

Answer 50

supracondylar fracture