Surgery signs, triads, etc. Flashcards
(29 cards)
what is ballance’s sign?
constant dullness to percussion in the left flank/LUQ and resonance to percussion in the right flank seen with splenic rupture/hematoma
what is barrett’s esophagus?
columnar metaplasia of the distal esophagus (GERD related)
what is battle’s sign? where do we see it?
ecchymosis over the mastoid process in patients with basilar skull fractures
what is beck’s triad? where do we see it?
1) JVD
2) decreased or muffled heard sounds
3) decreased BP
seen with cardiac tamponade
what is bergman’s triad? what do we see it with?
1) mental status change
2) petechiae (often in axilla/thorax)
3) dyspnea
seen with fat emboli syndrome
what is boas’ sign seen with?
right subscapular pain resulting from cholelithiasis
what is borchardt’s triad? where do we see it?
1) emesis followed by retching
2) epigastric distension
3) failure to pass NG tube
seen with gastric volvulus
what is the triad seen with carcinoid syndrome?
carcinoid triad
1) flushing
2) diarrhea
3) right sided heart failure
what are the components of charcot’s triad? where do we see it?
seen with cholangitis
1) fever
2) jaundice
3) RUQ pain
what is chvostek’s sign? when do we see it?
twitching of the facial muscles when tapping the facial nerve in patients with hyPOcalcemia
what is courvoisier’s law? when do we see it?
enlarged, non-tender gallbladder seen with obstruction of the common bile duct
most commonly with pancreatic cancer (NOT seen with gallstone obstruction)
cullen’s sign?
periumbilical bruising due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage
often seen with hemorrhagic pancreatitis
what is cushing’s triad? when do we see it?
1) hypertension
2) bradycardia
3) irregular respirations
signs of increased intracranial pressure
what is dance’s sign?
empty RLQ in children with ileocecal intusussception
what is fox’s sign?
ecchymosis of inguinal ligament seen with retroperitoneal bleeding
what is goodsall’s rule?
anal fistulae course in a straight path anteriorly and a curved path posteriorly from midline
(think of dog with straight anterior nose and a curved posterior tail)
grey turner’s sign?
flank ecchymosis from retroperitoneal hemorrhage
what is hamman’s sign/crunch?
crunching sounds on auscultation of the heart resulting from emphysematous mediastinum
when might we hear hamman’s sign/crunch?
boerhaave’s syndrome, pneumomediastinum, etc.
what is homan’s sign? when do we see it?
calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of the foot in patients with DVT
howship-romberg sign?
pain along inner aspect of the thigh
seen with an obturator hernia as the result of nerve compression
kehr’s sign?
severe left shoulder pain in patients with splenic rupture (result of referred pain from diaphragmatic irritation)
kelly’s sign?
visible peristalsis of the ureter in response to squeezing or retraction; used to identify the ureter during surgery
what is the term for a metastatic tumor to the ovary? clasically, where does it metastasize from?
krunkenberg tumor
clasically from gastric cancer
