Surgical Anatomy Pearls, Chapter17 P103-107 Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

What is the drainage of the left testicular vein?

P103

A

Left renal vein

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2
Q

What is the drainage of the right testicular vein?

P103

A

IVC

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3
Q

What is Gerota’s fascia?

P103

A

Fascia surrounding the kidney

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4
Q

What are the prominent collateral circulations seen in portal hypertension?
P103

A

Esophageal varices, hemorrhoids (inferior hemorrhoidal vein to internal iliac vein), patent umbilical vein (caput medusa),
and retroperitoneal vein via lumbar tributaries

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5
Q

What parts of the GI tract are retroperitoneal?

P103

A

Most of the duodenum, the ascending colon, the descending colon, and the pancreas

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6
Q

What is the gubernaculum?

P103

A

Embryologic structure that adheres the testes to the scrotal sac; used to help manipulate the testes during indirect
hernia repair

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7
Q

Which artery bleeds in bleeding duodenal ulcers?

P104

A

Gastroduodenal artery

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8
Q

What is the name of the lymph nodes between the
pectoralis minor and major muscles?
P104

A

Rotter’s lymph nodes

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9
Q

Is the left vagus nerve anterior or posterior?

P104

A

Anterior; remember that the esophagus rotates during development

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10
Q

What is Morrison’s pouch?

P104

A

Hepatorenal recess; the most posterior cavity within the peritoneal cavity

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11
Q

Give the locations of thefollowing structures:
1. Foregut
P104

A

Mouth to ampulla of Vater

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12
Q
  1. Midgut

P104

A

Ampulla of Vater to distal third of transverse colon

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13
Q
  1. Hindgut

P104

A

Distal third of transverse colon to the anus

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14
Q

Where are the blood vessels on a rib?

P104

A

Vein, Artery, and Nerve (VAN) are underneath the rib (thus, place chest tubes and thoracentesis needles above the rib!)

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15
Q

What is the order of the femoral vessels?

P104

A

Femoral vein is medial to the femoral artery (Think: “NAVEL” for the order of the right femoral vessels—Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lymphatics)

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16
Q

What is Hesselbach’s triangle?

P104

A

The area bordered by:

  1. Inguinal ligament
  2. Epigastric vessels
  3. Lateral border of the rectus sheath
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17
Q

What nerve is located on top of the spermatic cord?

P104

A

Ilioinguinal nerve

18
Q

What is Calot’s triangle?

P104

A
The area bordered by:
1. Cystic duct
2. Common hepatic duct
3. Cystic artery
(Pronounced “kal-ohs”)
19
Q

What is Calot’s node?

P105

A

Lymph node found in Calot’s triangle

20
Q

What separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

P105

A

Cantle’s line—a line drawn from the IVC to just left of the gallbladder fossa

21
Q

What is the gastrinoma triangle?

P105

A

Triangle where 90% of gastrinomas are located, bordered by:

  1. Junction of the second and third portions of the duodenum
  2. Cystic duct
  3. Pancreatic neck
22
Q

Which artery is responsible for anterior spinal syndrome?

P105

A

Artery of Adamkiewicz

23
Q

Where is McBurney’s point?

P105

A

One third the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (estimate of the position of the appendix)

24
Q

How can you find the appendix after you find the cecum?

P105

A

Trace the taeniae back as they converge on the origin of the appendix

25
Where is the space of Retzius? | P105
Preperitoneal space anterior to the bladder
26
What are the white lines of Toldt? | P105
Lateral peritoneal reflections of the ascending and descending colon
27
What is the strongest layer of the small bowel? | P105
Submucosa (not the serosa, think: | SUbmucosa = SUperior)
28
Which parts of the GI tract do not have a serosa? | P105
- Esophagus | - Middle and distal rectum
29
What is the vein that overlies the pylorus? | P105
Vein of Mayo
30
What is the pouch of Douglas? | P105
Pouch between the rectum and bladder or uterus
31
What does the thoracic duct empty into? | P105
Left subclavian vein; left internal jugular vein junction
32
What is the coronary vein? | P106
Left gastric vein
33
What is the hypogastric artery? | P106
Internal iliac artery
34
Which is longer, the left or right renal vein? | P106
Left
35
What are the layers of the abdominal wall? | P106
1. Skin, then fat 2. Scarpa’s fascia, then more fat 3. External oblique 4. Internal oblique 5. Transversus abdominis 6. Transversalis fascia 7. Preperitoneal fat 8. Peritoneum
36
What are the plicae circulares? | P106
Plicae = folds, circulares = circular; thus, the circular folds of mucosa of the small bowel
37
What is another name for the plicae circulares? | P106
Valvulae conniventes
38
What are the major structural differences between the jejunum and ileum? P106
- Jejunum—long vasa rectae; large plicae circulares; thicker wall - Ileum—shorter vasa rectae; smaller plicae circulares; thinner wall (Think: Ileum = Inferior vasa rectae, Inferior plicae circulares, and Inferior wall)
39
What are the major anatomic differences between the colon and the small bowel? P106
Colon has taeniae coli, haustra, and appendices epiploicae (fat appendages), whereas the small intestine is smooth
40
How far up does the diaphragm extend? | P106
To the nipples in men (fourth intercostal space; thus, the abdomen extends to the level of the nipples)
41
What dermatome is at the umbilicus? | P106
T10
42
What are the major layers of an artery? | P107 (picture)
(see picture)