Surgical instruments Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
What materials can surgical instruments be made from?
A
Stainless steel:
- 400 series (martensitic)
- 300 series (austenitic)
2
Q
What are the materials used to make stainless steel instruments?
A
iron, chromium, carbon & nickel
3
Q
400 series material
A
- high carbon, low chromium
- heat treated fro hardness
- most surgical instruments
4
Q
300 series material
A
- more malleable
- cannot be hardened by heat treatment
5
Q
use of 300 series material
A
- orthopedic inplants
- malleable instrument
6
Q
What are the characteristics of chromium-plated carbon steel?
A
- prone to pitting, rusting, & blistering
- require frequent replacement or repair
7
Q
Characteristics of titanium alloys
A
- light-weight but brittle
- highly resistant to corrosion
8
Q
What are titanium alloys used for?
A
microsurgical instruments
9
Q
characteristics of tungsten carbide inserts
A
- very hard & wear resistant
- insert can be replaced
10
Q
What are tungsten carbide insert material used to make?
A
needle holder & scissors
11
Q
What type of finish are most surgical instruments made in?
A
stain finish (less reflection)
12
Q
Characteristics of high polish on instruments
A
- most resistent to spotting & discolouration
- can cause eye strain due to reflection
13
Q
Characteristics of black/ebonized finish
A
- minimal reflection
- often used in laser procedures
14
Q
What are scalpel handle #3 used in?
A
small animals
15
Q
What are scalpel handle #4 used in?
A
large animals
16
Q
What blade is this
A
10 blade
17
Q
What blade is this?
A
11 blade (pointed)
18
Q
What blade is this
A
12 blade (hook)
19
Q
What blade is this
A
15 blade (sm version of #10)
20
Q
What size blades are used in large animals?
A
20-24
21
Q
What is this?
A
Beaver handle & blade
22
Q
What is this scalpel handle used for?
A
- precise cutting
- delicate tissue
- ophthalmic surgery
23
Q
What is #1 called?
A
tips
24
Q
What is #2?
A
jaws
25
what is #3?
Box lock pin
26
What is #4?
box lock
27
What is #5?
shank
28
What is #7
ring handle
29
What are the locking device of the instrument called?
ratchet
30
Function of needle holders
used to hold needles while suturing tissue
31
What is this instrument?
Mayo Hegar needle driver
32
What is this instrument?
Olsen Hegar needle driver
33
General features of this instrument
- needle driver with scissors
- great for skin
- hard to use in deeper areas
- could be more dangerous
34
What type of grip is this?
palm grip
35
What grip is this?
thumb-ring finger grip
36
What grip is this?
thenar grip
37
What is the default grip for scissors?
thumb-ring finger grip
38
Benefits of straight scissors
- mechanical advantage
- can cut straight line
39
Benefit of using curved scissors
- increased mobility
- increased visibility (preferred in body cavity
- cut with tips up
40
what is this?
Mayo surgical scissors
41
What are these scissors used for?
- sturdy
- used to cut fascia planes & connective tissue
42
What is this?
Metzenbaum scissors
43
What are these scissors used for?
Delicate
- sharp & blund dissection
- finer tissue
44
Recommended grip for scissors
Tripod grip
45
What is important about using surgical scissors?
- right tool for the job
- careful with tips
- caution with sharp-tipped scissors in deep wounds
46
Why is it important to keep scissors sharp?
- blunt scissors crush
- causes excess tissue trauma
- slow wound healing
47
What is this?
littaur scissors
48
What are theses used for?
- cut suture during surgery
- suture removal
49
What are these?
Lister bandage scissors
50
Special characteristics of these instruments
- blunted ends to help prevent trauma during bandage removal
51
What are these
Tenotomy scissors
52
What are tissue forceps used for?
- clamp blood vessels, vascular pedicles, viscus organs, solid tissue being removed
53
What are the Crushing tissue forceps?
- Halsted mosquito
- Kelly
- Crile
- Carmalt
54
What are these?
Halsted mosquito forceps
55
What are Halsted mosquito forceps for?
clamping small vessels
56
What are these?
Kelly
57
What are these?
Crile
58
What are these?
Rochester-Carmalt
59
What are these used for?
Crush:
- large vascular pedicles
- uterine body
- intestinal resection
- spleen/ liver resection
60
What are thumb forceps for?
- grasp small amount of tissue
- minimum amount of pressure
- regrasping injured tissue
61
What are these?
Adson forcep
62
What are these for?
grasping skin & dense tissue
63
What are these?
Adson Brown thumb forceps
64
What are these used for?
- skin & dense tissue
- more traumatic than Adson thumb forceps
65
What are these?
DeBakey thumb forceps
66
What are these used for?
- grasping delicate tissue (ex. viscera)
67
How to use thumb forceps?
- pencil grip
- use non-dominant hand
68
What are these?
Allis tissue forceps
69
What are these used for?
used on tissue being removed from the patient
70
What are these?
Babcock tissue forceps
71
What are Babcock tissue forceps used for?
used on hollow viscus
- less traumatic than Allis forceps
72
What are these?
doyen forceps
73
What are Doyen forceps used for?
- non-traumatizing
- used for intestinal surgeries, pedicles, tissues remaining in patients
74
What are penetrating towel clamps used for?
- secure quarter drapes to skin
- occasionally used as tissue forceps
75
What are these?
Backhaus towel clamps
76
What are these?
Jones towel clamps
77
What are these?
Edna towel clamps
78
What are Edna towel clamps used for?
- top sheet to quarter drape
- attach instruments to drapes (ex. suction tubing)
79
What are self-retaining retractors used for?
keep body cavity open
80
What is this?
Balfour retractor
81
What is this used for?
- abdominal wall retraction
- protect tissue with lap sponges
