Surgical Technique Flashcards
(44 cards)
When making an incision, where should the operator start ?
the operator should start posteriorly and they should work towards the front of the flap
Describe how sulcular incisons should be done
- the blade should be placed vertically into the gingival sulcus
- following the shape of the tooth, keep the shapr edge of the blade against the tooth surface to prevent unnecessary damage to teh gingiva
- interdental papilla should be preserved to ensure apposition of flap post-operatively
What should the operators supporting hand do when making the relieving incision?
it should be retracting the cheek to exert tension on the alveolar mucosa
What is the benefit of tension on the alveolar mucosa when making the relieving incision?
it ensures that the blade runs cleanly through the tissues
An incision should be made in a ________, ________ stroke
a single, smooth stroke
Where should an incision stop?
at the level of the apices of the teeth
Incisions should be made at ________ angle and must be straight down to the _________.
right angle
straight down to the bone
Why should incisions be made down to bone level?
this is to permit easy reflection of the flap without any soft tissue still being attached to periosteum and the bone
The periosteum plays an important role to the healing of the flap. True or false
True
Where does flap reflection begin?
it begins with the papillae
What instruments can be used to seperate and turn out a flap from the underlying bone?
- warwick james elevator
- Mitchells trimmer
How should a mitchells trimmer be used to seperate and turn out a flap from the underlying bone?
- keep the smooth edge of the instrument against the soft tissue to prevent any unnecessary damage
List periosteal elevators that can be used to reflect a flap
- Howarths
- Symes
- Molt No.9
- Hu-friedy
Why are the Symes and Molt No.9 preferred over the howarths elevator?
the howarths elevator is blunt which can cause damage to the soft tissues
Symes and Molt No.9 are sharper
What elevator is preferred for use in periodontal surgery and why?
Hu-Friedy 24G
This is because they are sharp and small which minimises soft tissue damage
What is the hardest part of the flap to reflect?
the attached gingiva
What is a full thickness flap ?
a flap that includes both the mucosa and the periosteum
Why should we avoid putting tension on the flap?
to avoid tears
Why must we take care not to strip the periosteum further than required?
this is because it reduces blood supply to the bone
State one way which you can strengthen the flap and prevent tears
lengthening the flap
Give examples of retractors that can be used
- Morris rake
- Minnesota
- Lacks tongue retractor
Before a retractor is placed, what must be created?
A pocket underneath the periosteum is created using a periosteal elevator. Care must be taken not to strip the periosteum further than required.
Briefly describe how a retractor is placed
The chosen retractor is placed over the periosteal elevator into the pocket created and then the periosteal elevator is removed
The retractor sits against the _______, protecting the soft tissues.
bone
