Surgical Teqniques

Question 1

What minimum magnification is needed for corneal/ conjunctival/ intraocular surgery?

Answer 1

5x

Question 2

What is the ideal suture material and needle should be used for the cornea?

Answer 2

8.0 vicryl (polyglactin)

Spatula needle

Question 3

Which type of needles should not be used for the cornea?

Answer 3

Cutting/ reverse cutting

Question 4

Which needle should be used for the skin?

Answer 4

Cutting/ reverse cutting

Question 5

Which needle should be used for the conjunctiva?

Answer 5

Taper point

Question 6

What blade is used to cut the cornea?

Answer 6

Beaver blade

Question 7

What is used for superficial keratectomy?

Answer 7

Restriction depth knives and lamellar knives

Question 8

What should you use to clean the eye if it is perforated?

Answer 8

Sterile saline

Question 9

Which breed of cat gets an anatomical entropion?

Which eyelid and where is affected?

Answer 9

Persians

Medial lower lid

Question 10

What procedure is best to correct atonic trichiasis?

Question 11

With the Stades procedure how much skin do you remove?

How much is left to heal by secondary intention?

Answer 11

20mm

5mm

Question 12

How is a cicatricial ectropion repaired?

Answer 12

Y-to-V plasty (allows dissection of the underlying scar tissue)

Question 13

What technique is this?

Answer 13

Lid shortening and canthal tie down

Question 14

What technique is this?

Answer 14

Khunt-Szymanowski

Question 15

What technique is this?

Answer 15

Wymans lateral canthoplasty

Question 16

What technique is this?

What is it used for?

Answer 16

V to Y plasty

Cicatrical ectropion

Question 17

What does lagophthalmos mean?

Answer 17

Poor blink

Question 18

What is the treatment for macropalpebral fissure?

Answer 18

Lateral/ medial canthoplasty

Question 19

If the lower canaliculus is involved in eyelid surgery what should be done?

Answer 19

Cannulated and sent left for approx 6weeks

Question 20

What are the potential complications of using haired skin on the eyelid margin (2)?

Answer 20

Hair going in to the eye

Contracture of the lid post surgery causing a notched defect and exposure keratopathy

Question 21

What technique is this?

What is it used for?

Answer 21

Mustarde technique

When 1/3-2/3 eyelid removed

Question 22

When is a lip to lid procedure used?

Answer 22

> 2/3 lower eyelid removed

Question 23

What depth should corneal sutures be placed?

Answer 23

2/3

Question 24

What are cyanacrylate adhesives used for?

When should it not be used?

What is important to use before applying this?

Answer 24

Glue to seal small corneal defects

Infected ulceration
Perforations

Cornea needs to be completely dry (canned air)

Question 25

What drop can be used post a conjunctival graft to minimise scarring? When should this be done?

Answer 25

Corticosteroid Well after healing

Question 26

Why would a pedicle flap be used over an advancement flap?

Answer 26

Pedicle flap can reach the central cornea and are better for larger defects

Question 27

What can be used to reform the anterior chamber?

Answer 27

Balanced salt solution Air bubble Viscoelastics

Question 28

Which 2 which have caused a corneal laceration produce a more intense post operative uveitis? Metal Wood Cat claw

Answer 28

claw and wood

Question 29

What is the difference between penetrating v perforating? Which is likely to have fibrin in the anterior chamber/ cornea? Which is more likely to cause dyscoria?

Answer 29

Penetrating- intracorneal FB embedded in stroma Perforating- intracorneal FB partially in the cornea and protruding in to the anterior chamber Perforating Perforating

Question 30

What is the main cause of long term problems with a FB? | Prognosis?

Answer 30

If the anterior lens capsule is damaged. | Can cause uncontrollable phacoclastic uveitis, poor prognosis!

Question 31

Roughly what at depth of the cornea in a keratectomy should a graft/ CCT be used?

Answer 31

1/2-2/3

Question 32

Should drops or ointment be used if there is intraocular involvement?

Answer 32

Drops

Question 33

When performing aqueocentesis what size needle is used? How much aqueous humour is aspirated?

Answer 33

23-26g 0.1-0.3mls

Question 34

What is the treatment for lens luxation extraction? Intra or extracapsular extraction?

Answer 34

Intracapsular extraction

Question 35

How is cataract extraction performed?

Answer 35

Phacoemulsification | Or extracapsular extraction

Question 36

``` What is this? Castroviejo spring action scissors Stevens tenotomy scissors Landolt enucleation scissors Metzenbaum scissors Ribbon scissors ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 36

Metzenbaum scissors Enucleation

Question 37

``` What is this? Castroviejo spring action scissors Stevens tenotomy scissors Landolt enucleation scissors Metzenbaum scissors Ribbon scissors ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 37

Landolt enucleation scissors Encucleation

Question 38

``` What is this? Castroviejo spring action scissors Stevens tenotomy scissors Landolt enucleation scissors Metzenbaum scissors Ribbon scissors ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 38

Stevens tenotomy scissors All

Question 39

``` What is this? Allis tissue forcep Crile artery forcep Adson thumb forcep Bennet cilia forcep ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 39

Adson thumb forcep Eyelid surgery, enucleation

Question 40

``` What is this? Castroviejo spring action scissors Stevens tenotomy scissors Landolt enucleation scissors Metzenbaum scissors Ribbon scissors ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 40

Ribbon scissors straight blunt/blunt Eyelid surgery

Question 41

``` What is this? Castroviejo spring action scissors Stevens tenotomy scissors Landolt enucleation scissors Metzenbaum scissors Ribbon scissors Westcott tenotomy scissors ``` Use? Enucleation Eyelid surgery Cornea/ conjunctiva set

Answer 41

Westcott tenotomy scissors Cornea/ conjunctiva surgery

Question 42

``` What type of forcep is this? Plain dissecting forcep Fixating forcep - bishop Harman Bennett Cilia forcep Wells artery forcep Colibri forcep Harms tying forcep ```

Answer 42

Bishop Harman fixation forcep

Question 43

``` What type of forcep is this? Plain dissecting forcep Fixating forcep - bishop Harman Bennett Cilia forcep Wells artery forcep Colibri forcep Harms tying forcep ```

Answer 43

Plain dissecting forcep

Question 44

``` What type of forcep is this? Plain dissecting forcep Fixating forcep - bishop Harman Bennett Cilia forcep Wells artery forcep Colibri forcep Harms tying forcep ```

Answer 44

Bennett cilia forcep

Question 45

``` What type of forcep is this? Plain dissecting forcep Fixating forcep - bishop Harman Bennett Cilia forcep Wells artery forcep Colibri forcep Harms tying forcep ```

Answer 45

Colibri forcep

Question 46

``` What type of forcep is this? Plain dissecting forcep Fixating forcep - bishop Harman Bennett Cilia forcep Wells artery forcep Colibri forcep Harms tying forcep ```

Answer 46

Harms tying forcep