Surveillance Based Separation Flashcards
Provision of Standard Separation
- All flights on Class A
- IFR in Class C D and E
- IFR/VFR in Class C
- IFR/SVFR
- SVFR
PSR and SSR Separation - Based on Radar Derived Info
- Applied between AC taking off and preceding departing AC
- Applied between AC taking off and other AC is receipt of surveillance service
- Provided that departing AC will be identified within 1nm of end of the rwy
Application of SSR Alone
- Pilot informed of limitations of service
- IAW MATS Pt2
- To overcome temporary deficiencies within PSR cover, ie clutter
- Immediately after PSR failure for minimum time necessary to establish procedural separation
- Not to be used to provide horizontal separation if any doubt about accuracy of position symbol
Loss of Separation
- Use every means to obtain required minimum with least possible delay
- Pass TI or essential TI
Essential Traffic
- Traffic which is separated for any period by less than the specified standard separation
Controller’s Reaction to GPWS
- Message acknowledged and appropriate pressure setting passed
- Restore any eroded separation ASAP
Controller’s Reaction to STCA
- Assess situation without delay
- Take action to ensure that applicable separation minimum will not be infringed
Use of Speed Control
- Limited to establish/maintain a desired separation, DM or spacing
- Pilot advised when no longer required
- Must be appropriate to the phase of flight
- Frequent changes should be avoided
Situations where Speed Control is not applied
- In holding patterns, other than where published
- In areas of TS or known turbulence
Speed Control - Arriving and Descending AC
- Instructions to maintain high ROD and reduce speed should be avoided
- Where possible, AC should be allowed to descend at own preferred speed
- AC speed restrictions should not differ significantly from 1 controller to another
- AC transferred from enroute to approach; 250-300kts, or by coordination
- AC should be allowed to fly in a clean config for as long as possible
Speed Control - Arriving and Descending AC below FL150 and within 20 miles of TH
- Below FL150; Not less than 210kts (200kts prop)
- Within 20 miles of TH; 150-180kts
- Should not applied after passing 4nm from TH
Departing AC - Minimum Speeds
- Jets; 230kts
- Non jet; 150kts
- Heli; 60kts
Unknown AC
- A position symbol which cannot be associated with an AC known by the controller to be operating withing the AS concerned
Unknown AC - Class A
- TI passed
- Traffic avoidance given
Unknown AC - Class C
- IFR; TI passed and traffic avoidance given
- VFR; TI passed, avoidance on request
Unknown AC - Class D
- IFR; TI passed and traffic avoidance given
- S/VFR; TI passed and avoidance on request
Unknown AC - Class E
- IFR; TI passed and avoidance on request
- Participating VFR; TS - TI passed, BS - TI if able
Unknown AC - Class F
- Participating IFR; TI passed and avoidance on request
- Participating VFR; TI passed as far as possible
Unknown AC - Class G
- DS; TI passed and avoidance advice given
- TS; TI passed
Traffic Avoidance - IFR under RCS
- Seek to achieve required minima
- Pilot must comply with instructions
- Class D/E; Limited to TI if pilot reports traffic in sight and maintaining own separation
Traffic Avoidance - S/VFR under RCS
- S/VFR traffic avoidance requested; Not required to achieve separation minima
- AA shall be aimed at ensuring that the risk of collision is reduced as far as possible
- Pilot compliance subject to prevailing met conditions
- Controller shall advise pilot when conflict no longer exists
- Observed code infringing AS; Contact relevant Unit and agree CoA
Passing TI to AC
- Bearing from AC in terms of 12 hr clock, or cardinals if manoeuvring
- Distance from AC in miles
- Direction of which unknown AC is proceeding
- Height info, where available
- Speed, if considered necessary
- AC type, if considered relevant
- Relative movement; Crossing, Ahead, Behind
When are the vertical intentions of an AC outside CAS are considered known?
- AC provided with DS/TS/PS
- AC under BS has agreed to maintain a level/level band
- AC not provided with ATS but subject to tactical coordination
