Surveying 3 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the two main types of errors in linear surveying?
Human Errors
Systematic/Equipment Errors
List common human errors in linear surveying.
Miscounting
Not holding tape at exact position
Reading tape/staff incorrectly
Recording the wrong measurement
Skill limitations
Incorrect slope measurement
Tape sag
Temperature variations
Accidentally moving instruments
Inconsistent tape tension
What is a common error related to plastic (synthetic) tapes?
Permanent stretching, causing measurement inaccuracies.
How can you check if a synthetic tape has stretched?
Compare it to a steel tape to verify accuracy.
Give examples of instrument-related errors in surveying.
Incorrect instrument setup
Movement during measurements
Calibration errors
How can level instruments be checked for accuracy?
By comparing elevation differences between fixed points from different instrument setups.
What effect do equipment errors have on a survey?
They can cause cumulative and increasingly inaccurate results.
What factors should be considered at the survey planning stage?
Location (map reference if no postcode)
Purpose of survey
Required equipment
Health and safety
What kind of map might you need for a site with no postcode?
An Ordnance Survey (OS) map.
What are cadastral reasons for surveying?
For taxation, based on land value, use, and location.
What legal act requires land to be surveyed and registered?
Land Registration Act 2002
What are the main reasons for conducting a survey?
Data collection for design
Setting out construction projects
Measuring land/features
Monitoring work progress (e.g., excavation)
Assisting builders with levels/heights (e.g., tiling, concrete work)
List general equipment a surveyor should carry.
Warning triangles
High-visibility vests/jackets
Waterproof safety boots
Hard hat (for site work)
Gas monitor/respirator (for below ground)
Fully charged mobile phone
Warm clothing
What are high-visibility vests legally required for?
Surveying on public footpaths or near roads.
Why is a gas monitor important?
To detect hazardous gases when working below ground level.
What dangers should be considered in survey site assessments?
Roads and traffic
Footpaths and pedestrians
Manholes
Gully gratings
Poor lighting conditions
Equipment obstructions
