Surveying Terms Reviewer (Lecture 6—9)

Question 1

the direction of a line is described by the horizontal angle that it makes with the reference line or direction.

Answer 1

Meridian

Question 2

fixed line of reference is called?

Answer 2

Meridian

Question 3

what type of meridian is also known as the astronomic meridian or geographic meridian?

Answer 3

True Meridian

Question 4

what type of meridian has the direction of a line passing through the astronomic north and south poles and the observer’s position?

Answer 4

True Meridian

Question 5

what type of meridian has a direction taken by the magnetized needle of a compass at the observer’s position?

Answer 5

Magnetic Meridian

Question 6

what type of meridian has a fixed line of reference parallel to the central meridian of a system of plane rectangular coordinates?

Answer 6

Grid Meridian

Question 7

what type of meridian has an arbitrary chosen fixed line of reference which is taken for convenience?

Answer 7

Assumed Meridian

Question 8

What type of meridian has a direction from a survey station to an adjoining stations or some well defined and permanent point?

Answer 8

Assumed Meridian

Question 9

What type of meridian has a direction from a survey station to an adjoining stations or some well defined and permanent point?

Answer 9

Assumed Meridian

Question 10

is defined as the horizontal angle the line makes with an established line of reference.

Answer 10

Direction of Lines

Question 11

What are the 5 kinds of angles used in Surveying?

Answer 11

1. Interior Angles
2. Deflections Angles
3. Angles to the right
4. Bearings
5. Azimuths

Question 12

measured to the right clockwise from the preceding line.

Answer 12

Angle

Question 13

either from north or south either clockwise or anticlockwise as per convenience.

Answer 13

Bearing

Question 14

The system of measuring this bearing is known as Whole Circle Bearing System (WCB System)

Answer 14

Azimuth

Question 15

A hand-held instrument for determining the horizontal direction of a line with reference to magnetic meridian.

Answer 15

Compass

Question 16

the ___ of the instrument has a horizontal circle which is graduated from 0-90° in each quadrant. (5-10 minutes reading)

Answer 16

Compass Box

Question 17

usually is fixed along the index mark on the north graduation of the circle.

Answer 17

Line of Sight

Question 18

the compass needle is of magnetized tampered steel balanced at its center on a jeweled pivot so that it swings freely in the horizontal position.

Answer 18

Magnetic Needle

Question 19

is a specialized instrument used widely by those meeting to make accurate deeper & angle measurements in the field (geologist archeologists, environmental engineers & surveyors.

Answer 19

Brunton Compass

Question 20

is the typical military field compass, and is principally to measure or layout magnetic bearings.

Answer 20

Lensatic Compass

Question 21

also known as CIRCUMFERENTOR is an instrument used in surveying to measure horizontal angles.

Answer 21

Surveyor Compass

Question 22

is similar to the surveyor’s compass, except that it has no sight vanes.

Answer 22

Plain Pocket Compass

Question 23

the graduation can be found on a rotating card instead of being on the compass box.

Answer 23

Prismatic Compass

Question 24

is another type of pocket compass, which is usually made of aluminum or some type of metal which does not affect the free movement and positioning of the magnetic needle

Answer 24

Forester Compass

Question 25

 the engineer's transit has a compass box which is similar in construction to the surveyor's compass.

Answer 25

Transit Compass

Question 26

Is the horizontal angle and direction by which the needle of a compass deflects from the meridian at any particular locality.

Answer 26

Magnetic Declination

Question 27

Consists of a series of successive straight line that are connected together.

Answer 27

Traverse

Question 28

process of measuring the lengths and directions of the sides of a traverse. (Purpose: to find the position of certain points.)

Answer 28

Traversing

Question 29

a traverse which are normally used for exploratory purposes, have the disadvantage that arithmetic checks are not available.

Answer 29

Open Traverse

Question 30

a traverse that begins and ends at the same point. It offers simple checks and adjustments for both angles and distances.

Answer 30

Closed Traverse

Question 31

The ___ of a line is its projection on the north-south meridian.

Answer 31

Latitude

Question 32

The ___ of a line is its projection on the east- west line.

Answer 32

Departure

Question 33

When latitudes are added together, the resulting error is called the __.

Answer 33

Error in Latitudes (E) 

Question 34

The error resulting from adding departures together is called the __.

Answer 34

Error in Departures (ED)

Question 35

True or False. If the measured bearings and distances are plotted on a sheet of paper, the figure will not close because of E₁ and ED.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

A popular method for balancing errors is called the compass or the ___ rule.

Answer 36

Bowditch

Question 37

it is best suited for surveys where the sides of the traverse are measured by the stadia or subtense bar method. 

Answer 37

Transit Rule

Question 38

A type of area where area can be found by dividing the lot into a series of triangles

Answer 38

Area By Triangles

Question 39

A type of area where scaled drawing is marked off in squares of unit areas then counted. This is used to approximate areas.

Answer 39

Area by Coordinates Squares

Question 40

A type of area where the polar planimeter is a mechanical device used to determine the area of any shape of figure plotted to a known scale by directly tracing the perimeter and reading the result from the scale.

Answer 40

Area by Polar Planimeter

Question 41

A type of area where the method of coordinates is based on the following rule in analytic geometry: If the vertices of the figure are taken in order around the figure, the area is equal to one-half the sum of the products of each ordinate multiplied by the difference between the two adjacent abscissas always subtracting the preceding from the following abscissa.

Answer 41

Area By Coordinates

Question 42

is the distance of the midpoint of a line to the reference meridian.

Answer 42

Meridian Distance

Question 43

A type of area where the method is an adaptation of the coordinates method and is convenient to use when the latitudes and departures of the traverse are known.

Answer 43

Area by Double Meridian Distance (DMD)

Question 44

A type of area where areas with irregular or curved boundaries are usually measured by establishing a base line conveniently near and by taking offsets at regular intervals from the base line to the boundary. There are 2 rules under it; Trapezoidal Rule & Simpson's One-Third Rule.

Answer 44

Area by Offsets from Straight Lines

Question 45

What are the 3 Common Types of Omitted Measurements?

Answer 45

1. Omitted Measurements Are in One Side  2. Omitted Measurements Involving Two Adjoining Sides 3. Omitted Measurements Involving Two Non-Adjoining Sides