sustainability

Question 1

what is a sustainable city

Answer 1

a city that can meet its needs without making it harder for future generations to meet theirs

Question 2

what are the 3 main inputs of a city

Answer 2

food, energy, other resources e.g. wod

Question 3

what are the 3 main outputs of a city

Answer 3

waste, sewage, pollution

Question 4

what are the 3 types of sustainability

Answer 4

social, economic and environmental

Question 5

what is social sustainability

Answer 5

taking peoples needs into account and allowing people to take part in decisions that affect their lives.

Question 6

what is economic sustainability

Answer 6

providing employment and building/maintaining the city

Question 7

what is environmental sustainability

Answer 7

ensures resources aren’t wasted and protects the environment for future generations

Question 8

where is Freiburg located

Answer 8

SW of Germany, near Munich ( west of Munich)

Question 9

what is the pop. of Freiburg

Answer 9

225,000

Question 10

what is a social sustainable strategy used by Freiburg(3)

Answer 10

locals involved in urban planning, 28000 homes powered by burning waste, free football tickets for investors, 350 community recycling points

Question 11

what is an economic sustainable strategy used by Freiburg(3)

Answer 11

conferences on sustainability provide locals jobs, solar factory employs 250 people, many jobs in research and manufacture of solar tech, 10000+ people employed in the city environmental businesses, financial rewards to those who compost their green waste, affordable homes

Question 12

what is an environmental sustainable strategy used by Freiburg(3)

Answer 12

organic food and garden waste collected weekly for a biogas digester, reduced annual waste by 90k tons in 12 yrs, locals can invest in solar panels, built on former army barracks, 88%+ waste recycled

Question 13

how do green roofs aid sustainability in New York(3)

Answer 13

they attract wildlife( 25+ bird species), make the temp cooler (6F), decrease energy used(26%), 7M gallons of stone water absorbed and $3m saved

Question 14

why are green roofs useful in NYC

Answer 14

there is 1bn m squared of roof space, cities are warmer then surrounding areas and cities destroy wildlife

Question 15

how is water supplied sustainably in Freiburg(3)

Answer 15

financial rewards for using less water, water collected and recycled, rainwater harvesting tools on roofs, green spaces filter pollutants out, flood retention basins stop flooding from happening from the river

Question 16

what are the green spaces in Freiburg and how are they used (3)

Answer 16

forest where 44% of wood from the forest is used but 75% grows back within a year, 40% city forest, 56% conservation areas out of that 6% is left wild, 78/318 hectares built on, river Dreisan flows unmanaged, 44k trees in parks and streets

Question 17

how is sustainable energy provided in Freiburg(1)

Answer 17

400 solar panel instalments in the city, relies on solar energy as one of the sunniest cities in Germany, solar panels on stadiums, train stations, houses

Question 18

what are the problems with noise pollution(PE)

Answer 18

can lower QoL resulting in people moving away which damages the city’s economy

Question 19

what are the problems with delays in journey time(PE)

Answer 19

makes people late resulting in missed opportunities which can lower QoL and make a city less socially sustainable as people don’t want to go anywhere unless they have to because of the traffic

Question 20

what are the problems with air pollution(PE)

Answer 20

can lead to health problems resulting in more people getting sick and putting strain on healthcare which makes it harder to get care.

Question 21

what are the problems with higher fuel consumption(PE)

Answer 21

forces people to spend more money on fuel, giving less disposable income and lowering the economy

Question 22

what are the problems with greater accident risks(PE)

Answer 22

can cause congestion and impact healthcare, costing money

Question 23

what are the problems with pressure to build more roads(PE)

Answer 23

can cost lots of money and materials making other government sectors suffer due to lower funds

Question 24

what schemes have been done by London to reduce traffic(4)

Answer 24

London underground, oyster card, congestion charging zone, bike sharing scheme

Question 25

what recent changes have made the London underground more popular

Answer 25

the extension of the Jubilee line and the new Elizabeth line

Question 26

what is an oyster card and what are the benefits

Answer 26

an integrated travel payment. allows public transport to be used quick and efficiently at a discounted rate

Question 27

what is a congestion charging zone and how is it used in London

Answer 27

a zone in which people are charged a price for driving in. Used in London during peak hours and is £15 for the day

Question 28

what is the bike sharing scheme and what is a benefit

Answer 28

Bikes can be hired for as little as £2 a journey and encourages people to cycle and use green transport

Question 29

what has happened since the congestion charge(3)

Answer 29

congestion, accidents and pollution all decreased, £370 mil annual investment in public transport, more reliable bus services, retail charges in congestion zones increased

Question 30

how has transport changed since 1982 in Freiburg

Answer 30

more people walk, cycle and use public transport with only 29% compared to 39% using motor vehicles

Question 31

how has London used the carrot to develop their city(3)

Answer 31

widening pavements which encourages walking and cycling, cheap safe and pleasant public transport which encourages it, dedicated bus lanes, park and ride schemes(bike), integrated transport which allows you to take one transport into another

Question 32

how has London used the stick to develop their city(3)

Answer 32

exclusion zones where lorries aren't permitted, ULEZ zones where high emission vehicles have to pay highly, congestion charge, speed humps, restrict parking in city centre