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Mandatories > Sustainability > Flashcards

Sustainability Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of the built environment in mitigating energy issues?

A

Built environment is second largest source of global emissions after transport - this needs to be managed at each stage of the built environment

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2
Q

What does the 2011 Energy Act say?

A

The Act introduced MEES provisions, stating that landlord’s would be unable to let resi and commercial property which didn’t meet minimum standards. Also means that residential landlords can’t refuse a reasonable request for consent to carry out energy efficiency improvements when a finance package is available.

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3
Q

What does the 2023 Energy Bill say?

A

Bill is in its final stages, initially introduced as energy security bill in light of energy prices, aims to
- Accelerate growth of low carbon tech and investment in private sector growth here, esp in transport
- Explore and expand hydrogen, heat pumps, nuclear
- Consumer protection against unfair pricing

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4
Q

What are the implications of the 2011 Energy Act and the 2023 Energy Bill for MEES?

A

Energy Act 2011 - first introduced MEES - stating landlords would be unable to let properties which didn’t meet a minimum standard, and meant landlord’s couldn’t refuse reasonable requests for consent to carry out energy improvements when finance package’s were available.
Energy Bill 2023 - In it’s final stages, gives government new powers to require energy usage of a premises to be assessed, prohibit marketing and leasing prior to assessment

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5
Q

What is BREEAM and what are the benefits?

A

BREEAM = the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method
A voluntary environmental assessment tool to rate new and refurbished buildings
Based on 9 environmental weightings including energy consumption, water use, transport links, waste management
5 ratings - Pass, Good, Very good, Excellent, Outstanding

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6
Q

What is another example of energy certification?

A

LEED
- BREEAM british origin v LEED american
LEED based on submission v BREEAM assessors
BREEAM is weighted for each category, in LEED need a certain number of points across all categories

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7
Q

What was the joint sustainability guidance from the RICS and the UN and what does it set out?

A

Advancing Responsible Business in Land, Construction, Real Estate Use and Investment 2018
- sets out how organisations can identify identify and address the impact of their decision making when designing, constructing and operating buildings

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8
Q

How does the RICS help sustainability practice?

A
  • Evidence based research, best practice requirements (e.g. inclusion in red book), certification e.g. SKA rating system
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9
Q

What Net Zero requirements were put in place by the 2019 amendments to the 2008 climate act?

A

Put in place net zero carbon by 2050 target

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10
Q

What is the ‘green industrial revolution’?

A

Announced by government in 2020, put significant investment into green jobs, especially green generation sector, transport infrastructure, energy efficiency

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11
Q

What is the BBP?

A

Better Buildings Partnerships Pledge - number of uk property funds and REITs signed - includes targets e.g. Establish Net Zero Carbon, reduce construction and operational energy use

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12
Q

What is the framework for net zero established by the UK Green Buildings Council?

A
  1. Establish Net Zero Carob Scope
  2. Reduce Construction Impacts
  3. Reduce Operational Energy Use
  4. Increase Renewable Energy Supply
  5. Offset any remaining carbon
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13
Q

What is the significance of the 2019 amendment to the 2008 Climate Change Act?

A

Introduced net zero by 2050 target

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14
Q

When is an EPC needed?

A

For all commercial buildings over 50 sq m when
- Newly built, sold or let (more than 6m/ less than 99 years)
- Newly constructed or refurbished
OTHER THAN EXCEPTIONS
+ residential when built, sold or let

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15
Q

What are the exemptions to needing an EPC?

A

Listed buildings, buildings without heating, religious buildings, temporary buildings, buildings due to be demolished/redeveloped, residential buildings not occupied for more than 4 months/ yr

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16
Q

When is an EPC needed for marketing?

A

Must be commissioned within 7 days of commencing marketing
Agents responsible for procuring
Only actual rating needs to be shown, where there’s space the graph should also be shown
- Online marketing should include a link to the EPC

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17
Q

How long is an EPC valid for?

A

10 years

18
Q

What should an EPC include?

A
  • Address of property & floor area
  • Reference number
  • Technical info on energy provision
  • Estimation of running costs
  • Rating
  • Benchmarking information
19
Q

Who enforces EPCs?

A

Local Authorities Trading Standards Team

20
Q

What the penalties for not having an EPC for commercial buildings?

A

12.5% of RV of the building - £500 - £5,000 max fine

21
Q

What the penalties for not having an EPC for residential buildings?

A

£200 civil fixed penalty fine for not displaying EPC on marketing

22
Q

What are current MEES and when did they come in?

A

Currently E for all let properties since April 2023, previously for all new lettings
Was going to be B by 2030, but this may now not apply to resi lettings

23
Q

What are exemptions to MEES?

A
  • Buildings which don’t require EPCs
  • Industrial buildings which have low energy demand e.g. no heating or cooling systems
  • leases under 6m or over 99 years
  • When its not feasible to improve the property to an E with a payback of 7 years or sooner
  • Improvements would devalue by over 5%
  • 3rd party consent is refused e.g. tenant, LPA
  • ^Last 3 last 5 years and aren’t automatically transferred
24
Q

What are the penalties for non-compliance with MEES?

A

Under 3m = greater of £5k and 10% RV (up to £50k)
Over 3m = greater of £10k and 20% RV (up to £150k)

25
Q

What are a residential landlords obligations regarding MEES?

A

To spend up to £3,500 on improving energy efficiency where properties have a rating of F&G and tenant demands improvements, unless exemption applies

26
Q

What is the future of MEES and what are its implications for the built environment?

A
  • Target C by 2027, mandatory B by 2030
    But Rishi has backtracked on resi lettings
27
Q

What are the scottish environmental regulations?

A

Assessment of Energy Performance of Non-Domestic Buildings (Scottish) Regulations 2016

28
Q

What is ESOS?

A
  • Energy Saving Opportunity Scheme
  • Mandatory for large organisations in UK (over 250 employees/ 50m euro turnover) - must measure energy consumption across buildings, transport and industrial activities
  • Conduct energy audits to identify cost effective energy efficiency regs
  • Report Compliance to the Environment Agency
29
Q

What are the Heat Network Regulations 2014?

A

Relate to the provision of communal heating systems in multi-occupied schemes
Consumers must be provided with accurate meter readings , bill information and competitive individual meters

30
Q

What is the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme?

A

Now scrapped and replaced with CCL

31
Q

What is the Climate Change Levy?

A

CCL - tax on energy delivered to non-domestic users in the UK
- Incentive to increase energy efficiency in businesses and reduce carbon emissions
- Charged by energy providers who forward to treasury
- renewal energy is exempt

32
Q

What is a DEC?

A

Display Energy Certificate
- required for public buildings over 250 sq m
- display actual energy used and carbon dioxide emissions
- May be introduced for commercial

33
Q

What is BREEAM?

A

The Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method
- Voluntary assessment tool to rate new/ newly refurbished buildings

34
Q

What are the 9 environmental weightings considered by a BREEAM assessor?

A

Include energy consumption, water use, transport, waste management, health and wellbeing

35
Q

What are the possible ratings from a BREEAM assessment?

A

5 ratings - Pass, Good, Very Good, Excellent, Outstanding

36
Q

What’s just happened with net zero?

A

Government has back-peddled on some of its net zero commitments, including removing MEES target for residential lettings

37
Q

What’s the difference between sustainability and ESG?

A

ESG = a framework under which to measure the key metrics of Enviromental Social and Governance
Sustainability is a broader term

38
Q

Talk through the key legislation regarding MEES

A
39
Q

What are green leases?

A

Ensure landlords and tenants share information about the use of energy in the building

40
Q

How can developers implement energy efficient construction?

A

Use of renewable energy and technology, building aspect which takes advantage of solar gain, efficient management and monitoring systems

41
Q

What has the RICS published on sustainability and what does it say?

A

2022 sustainability report
Highlights the need for sustainable strategies across the built environments to meet net zero commitments, provides a global benchmark for climate issues
Notes continued demand for green buildings by occupiers and investors
Highlights importance of collaboration

Mandatories (9 decks)

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