Sweep 1

Question 1

Facebow needed for multiple restorations because

Answer 1

you need to have the original arc of rotation in order to properly make occlusion in multiple restorations.

Question 2

Internal space

Uniform space of

Answer 2

25 μ to 35 μ for the luting agent

Cement spreads evenly
• Reduced marginal gap width

Question 3

Most accurate way to adjust

proximal contact with

Answer 3

shim stock

Question 4

Metal proximal contact adjustment

DO NOT USE

Answer 4

COARSE DIMOND BURS since they leave a rough finish that is hard to polish.

Question 5

Check

2. Marginal Integrity

Answer 5

§ Disclosing wax
§ Rouge in turpentine
§ Powdered spray (Occlude)
§ Water soluble marking agents (Liqua-Mark) § Elastomeric detection pastes

Question 6

Use a small bur (1⁄2 round or 330) to

Answer 6

adjust the internal surface

Question 7

3. Stability
   The restoration should not rock or rotate when force is applied.

Causes:

Answer 7

Nodules, distortion during impression making or distortion of a poured cast. In FPD: Parallelism between abutments, Undercuts, Pontic.

Question 8

Occlusion adjustment

Use for porcelain the

Answer 8

porcelain adjustment kit and for Metal, carbide finishing burs, white or green stones

Question 9

Metal crown occlusal surfaces are best finished with a

Answer 9

carbide finishing burs and white or green small stones.

Question 10

A small football shape bur helps

Answer 10

enhance and maintain the anatomy of grooves and triangular

Question 11

The gold polishing kit contains

Answer 11

Coarse Brown points and discs, dark green Medium and lighter green Fine points and discs

Question 12

FINISHING AND POLISHING METAL

Answer 12

Start with a Moore’s fine white sand paper disc to remove imperfections on the axial walls and continue with abrasive silicone wheels

Question 13

Contouring Porcelain Armamentarium:

Answer 13

• Flexible diamond disk
• Porcelain grinding wheel • Diamonds
• Porcelain adjustment Kit abrasive wheels and points.

Question 14

Today gold solders are given a fineness designation to indicate the

Answer 14

proportion of pure gold contained in 1000 parts.

Question 15

Group I

Answer 15

Traditional gold containing solder

Question 16

Group II

Answer 16

Special solders which have the

brand name with a pre or post designation.

Question 17

Don’t use a coarse or reg diamond bur for proximal contacts, because

Answer 17

If you use in high speed, and grind any ceramic, you can cause microcracks in porcelain/zirconia. Feldspathic procelain may correct if put back in oven.

Question 18

Pre-ceramic solders

Are high fusing alloys that slightly

Answer 18

melt beneath the softening point of the parent alloy to be joined.
This solders ideally should flow well above the fusion range of the subsequent applied porcelain

Question 19

Porcelain fuses about

Answer 19

1800o F

Question 20

Steps in seating a crown:

Answer 20

1. Proximal contact
2. Mariginal integrity (intaglio)
3. Stability
4. Occlusion
5. Contouring (contacts, embrasures, pontic)

Question 21

Shimstock tells you exactly how

Answer 21

a contact will be. Floss will give you contact, but it is an acquired feel. Tightness is the thing to learn here.

Question 22

Shimstock -

Answer 22

slide in between teeth and pull. IF you push and it holds shimstock, it is too tight. If you push and it drags, you’re good. If you push and it pulls through, check again with floss.

Question 23

PRE-CERAMIC SOLDERING

DISADVANTAGES:

Answer 23

• Difficult (narrow melting range) • Volatilization of base metal (overheating)
• Microporosity or pitting
• Not good bond with porcelain • Color
• Corrosion

Question 24

Post-ceramic solders

Are low fusing alloys that

Answer 24

melt bellow the pyroplastic range of the porcelain

Question 25

Post ceramic soldering: Less chance of

Answer 25

sag or deformation of the framework

Question 26

Post ceramic soldering: • Slightlyweaker andmorebrittle

Answer 26

solder joint since framework can’t be quenched

Question 27

Post ceramic soldering: • Large gap space for solder =

Answer 27

decreases | strength, higher porosity, higher meniscus, more difficult to solder

Question 28

Post ceramic soldering: | • Small gap space for solder =

Answer 28

incomplete | joint

Question 29

Note: Excessive soldering gap space will cause

Answer 29

undersized mesiodistal FDP widths

Question 30

• TORCH SOLDERING | Use for

Answer 30

pre-ceramic soldering mc FDP soldering full gold FDP’s | Difficult for post-ceramic soldering

Question 31

• OVEN SOLDERING | Use for

Answer 31

pre and post-ceramic soldering | Can use vacuum Visualization is more difficult

Question 32

• INFRARED SOLDERING | Can be used for

Answer 32

low-fusing connectors and pre-ceramic soldered joints | Uses special unit with an infrared light

Question 33

LASER WELDING | • Uses laser energy to

Answer 33

joint two pieces of metal

Question 34

LASER WELDING• Used in dentistry since

Answer 34

1970

Question 35

LASER WELDING• Used for welding

Answer 35

FDP’s, RDP’s | components

Question 36

LASER WELDING • -------- equipment • Higher ------- and reduced --------- than soldering

Answer 36

Expensive strength corrosion

Question 37

ANTIFLUX | Used to

Answer 37

limit the spreading of solder

Question 38

Antiflux Is placed in areas of the

Answer 38

casting before the flux to prevent the flow of molten solder.

Question 39

Graphite or iron oxide (rouge) with turpentine as a solvent are often used as

Answer 39

antiflux

Question 40

SOLDERING FLUX

Answer 40

A substance applied to the metal surface to be soldered to remove oxides or prevent their formation.

Question 41

``` FLux Borax Glass (Na2B4O7) used with ```

Answer 41

Au alloys. | Other fluxes available for non Au alloys are available, some of their formulas are not published.

Question 42

SOLDERING INVESTMENTS

Answer 42

Are similar to regular casting investments. • Contain fused quartz (lowest expanding form of silica) as a refractory component.

Question 43

POST-CERAMIC SOLDERING HEATING SCHEDULE

Answer 43

1. Burn-out Duralay in burnout oven 15-20 minutes at 300 oF 2. Place in porcelain oven at 1200 oF and allow all carbon residue to be eliminated. 3. Coat piece of solder with small amount of flux (do not allow the flux to contact porcelain). 4. After a few minutes (3 min) raise temperature to 1620 oF and watch through the furnace door until solder melts. 5. Remove immediately and lower furnace temperature and evaluate solder joint.

Question 44

650 fine gold use dfor

Answer 44

ceramics

Question 45

Ideal gap for solder should be

Answer 45

GAP .25 mm The bigger the gap, the more distortion - solder shrinks as it cools.

Question 46

Metamerism

Answer 46

colors changing in different conditions (between two objects

Question 47

CHROMA (saturation) Adjustment:

Answer 47

Yellow increases chroma on yellow shade Orange has same effect on yellow-red shade

Question 48

HUE (color) Adjustment:

Answer 48

Pink-purple moves yellow toward yellow-red Yellow decreases the red of a yellow-red shade.

Question 49

A restoration with a high ---------- is difficult to modify

Answer 49

CHROMA

Question 50

§ Using a complementary color of the shade reduces its

Answer 50

CHROMA yellow requires violet Blue requires green

Question 51

§ Adding stains lowers the

Answer 51

VALUE (dark or | light) of the restoration and increases the metameric effect.

Question 52

VALUE adjustment: | Attempting to increase value is difficult, but can be increased if the

Answer 52

dominant color added has a higher lightness ranking.

Question 53

white stain can be used but will

Answer 53

increase opacity

Question 54

A:

Answer 54

red brown

Question 55

B

Answer 55

red yellow

Question 56

C

Answer 56

grey

Question 57

D

Answer 57

red-grey

Question 58

§ No vacuum when

Answer 58

glazing mcc retorations

Question 59

§ Polished porcelain is no more abrasive | than

Answer 59

glazed porcelain

Question 60

Canines tend to be a bit

Answer 60

darker in shade

Question 61

Emergence profile of margin better for

Answer 61

metal margin porcelain crowns. Otherwise, this will be overcontoured