Swine 4

Question 1

the recommended double selection in selecting animals and the selection rate

Answer 1

2-3 months-1.5 or 66%
next at 6 months- 1.25 or 89%

Question 2

2 bases of selection

Answer 2

1. physical selection (strong legs, long body, good body conformation, etc.)
2. performance (mothering ability, ADG, backfat thickness)

Question 3

removal of unwanted pigs. opposite of selecting

Answer 3

culling

Question 4

reasons for culling

Answer 4

1. age
2. reproductive ability
3. mothering ability
4. feet and leg problem
5. diseases
6. damaged udder
7. long dry period
8. abnormalities
9. poor litter size
10. libido

Question 5

increasing gilts feed allowance by 3.0- 3.5 kg/day about 10-14 days after service to increase ovulation done on the 3rd heat is called what

Answer 5

flushing

Question 6

1. 7-14 days before breeding
2. 14 and 7 days before breeding
3. once before breeding
4. scheduled at 6-8 months old

Answer 6

1. deworming
2. mange treatment
3. vitamin ADE injection
4. vaccination

Question 7

some gilts come into heat as early as 4 months old. most hits puberty at 6-8 months but are recommended to breed at 8 monts old

Answer 7

age to breed gilts

Question 8

time interval from weaning to service wherein the sow is unproductive

Answer 8

dry period

Question 9

A good sow should come back into heat and be
ready for service within how many days after weaning

Answer 9

3-7 days

Question 10

problems that occur from faulty management

Answer 10

Low conception rate, small litter size at birth or weaning, abortions and
impaired reproduction,

Question 11

hormonal injection given to induce heat occurrence, If sows do not come into heat within 10 days

Answer 11

gonadin

Question 12

the time during which the sows will accept the boar, it last from 1-5 days with an average of 2-3 days.

Answer 12

heat period or estrus

Question 13

1. lifespan of speem in female reproductive system
2. lifespan of eggs after ovulation

Answer 13

1. 24-48 hours
2. 12-24 hours

Question 14

when does ovulation take place

Answer 14

40 hours after the onset of estrus (standing heat)

Question 15

signs of heat

Answer 15

1. swelling and redness of vulva
2. grunting and restlessness
3. mucous discharge on vagina
4. only be moved with great effort
5. cocks ears and become rigid
6. frequent urination
7. mounting of penmate

Question 16

technique in heat detection where pressure is applied on her sides with both hands

Answer 16

1. haunch pressure test

Question 17

technique in heat detection where man ride and press the back or loin of the female.

Answer 17

2. riding the back test

Question 18

technique in heat detection where old semen sample is squeezed on the snout of sow

Answer 18

3. semen on the snout

Question 19

technique in heat detection where a vasectomized boar is the animal to use in this method. Allow the boar to mount the sow

Answer 19

4. the teaser method

Question 20

a part of the estrus period when the animal is accepting the boar but negative to the
caretaker’s test.

Answer 20

boar phase 1

Question 21

period with the animal will show positive reaction to the boar and to the
caretaker.

Answer 21

insemination phase

Question 22

the same with Boar Phase I except that it is after the insemination phase.

Answer 22

boar phase 2

Question 23

1. 12 hours after the onset of heat period (Boar Phase 1)
2. 24 hours after the onset of heat period

Answer 23

1. gilt
2. sow

Question 24

no feed should be given at what period

Answer 24

weaning and farrowing

Question 25

advantages of early pregnancy detection in sows and gilts

Answer 25

(a) makes possible to cull or rebreed non-pregnant, feed wasting females; (b) it allows closer grouping of a numbers of sows for a farrowing period. (c) it gives early warning of breeding troubles (d) it enables the producer to make more effective use of his breeding facilities

Question 26

In order to be sure, the sow has become pregnant, closely watch her during the days around 3 weeks, and again 6weeks after she was bred. If the sow does not come in heat during those days, we can assume that she is indeed pregnant.

Answer 26

pregnancy control

Question 27

Preparations for farrowing 1. preparing the sow 2. preparing the farrowing pen

Answer 27

1. Before moving to farrowing house, the sow should be scrubbed with soap and water. Especially in the region of the udder to remove parasite and bacteria that can cause diarrhea. 2. farrowing pen should be cleaned completely, disinfected and left unused for 5-7 days before sow is transferred

Question 28

signs of farrowing

Answer 28

(1) Nest making, nudging of hurdles walls and flooring, biting and hurdles and guard rails; (2) Sow always in “sitting dog” position; (3) Distention and enlargement of the udder of the sow; (4) enlargement and swelling of the vulva; (5) Small round sow’s manure and frequent urination; (6) Milk let-down; (7) Mucous discharged with meconium; and (8) sign of labor.

Question 29

range of farrowing time

Answer 29

30 mins- lowest 2.5 hours- average 6 hours- highest

Question 30

Farrowing is said to have started when the sow exhibits restlessness, contraction, and mucus discharged with meconium. It is finished when the placenta is completely expelled.

Answer 30

the farrowing process

Question 31

method to use to identify if born dead piglets are stillborn

Answer 31

lung floatation

Question 32

No anal opening, pigs born alive

Answer 32

atresia ani

Question 33

Legs bent at right angle and stiff

Answer 33

bent legs

Question 34

Pigs usually born alive but skull openings present involving frontal and parietal bones

Answer 34

brain hernia

Question 35

Incomplete development of the skull

Answer 35

catlin mark

Question 36

Pigs born alive but unable to nurse

Answer 36

cleft palate

Question 37

Pigs become excessively fat at 32-88 kgs. and die

Answer 37

excessive fatness

Question 38

Born dead or are reabsorbed

Answer 38

fetal mortality

Question 39

Fluid on the brain, head enlarged; often accompanied by short tail

Answer 39

hydrocephalus

Question 40

Pigs born alive but without legs

Answer 40

legless

Question 41

Usually only forelegs affected, but sometimes hind legs are involved; forelegs are rigid; animals usually still born or alive only a short time

Answer 41

muscle contracture

Question 42

Ears split usually associated with cleft palate and deformed hind legs

Answer 42

split ears

Question 43

Thickening of forelegs caused by infiltration of connective tissue which replace the muscle fibers; pigs usually born alive

Answer 43

thickened Forelimb

Question 44

One or both testicles retained in the abdominal cavity

Answer 44

cryptorchidism

Question 45

Hair at a given point in the back region flanges out all directions

Answer 45

hair whorls

Question 46

Animals born with little or no hair (not to be confused with hairlessness caused by iodine deficiency)

Answer 46

hairlessness

Question 47

Blood fails to clot promptly when wounds are infected

Answer 47

hemophilia

Question 48

Teats inverted and non-functional

Answer 48

inverted nipples

Question 49

rigid angles in the tail at birth

Answer 49

kinky tail

Question 50

extra toes on forefeet

Answer 50

polydactyl

Question 51

Observed in Hampshire, affected animals also have light brown hair coat

Answer 51

red eyes

Question 52

intestines extending to scrotal area

Answer 52

scrotal hernia

Question 53

weakness at umbilical intestines protrude

Answer 53

umbilical hernia

Question 54

only one toe instead of two

Answer 54

syndactyl

Question 55

Skin like flaps hanging from throat near lower jaw

Answer 55

wattles

Question 56

kinky hair

Answer 56

wooly