Swine Anatomy Flashcards
(45 cards)
1
Q
Vertebral formula
A
C7-> T13-> L6/7-> S4-> Cd20-23
2
Q
of digits
A
4
3
Q
Age of slaughter
A
6-8 mos
4
Q
Carpal glands
A
- apocrine
- secrete pheromones (territory; mark sows during copulation)
- on ventral aspect of forelimb
5
Q
Snout
A
- rostral bone: supports snout
- rostral plate
6
Q
Clin sig of rostral plate
A
Rings prevent rooting
7
Q
Mammary glands
A
- 7 pairs
- lymph drains to superficial cervical and superficial inguinal centers
8
Q
Head
A
- brain protected by 2 plates
- clin sig: humane slaughter= electrocution or CO2 b/c double plating makes it hard to stun by hammer or bolt
9
Q
Dentition
A
- C3, I1, P4, M3 (x2= one arcade)
- females stop tusk growth @ 2 mos
- boars never stop tusk growth
- tusks=canines
- Clin sig: clipping of needle teeth
10
Q
Larynx
A
- forms obtuse angle w/ trachea
- clin sig: difficult to intubate
11
Q
Venipuncture
A
- caudal vein of the helix: IV injections; blood sampling in adults
- cranial vena cava
12
Q
Cranial vena cava
A
- 2nd site for venipuncture
- Clin sig: don’t use left side b/c will hit phrenic n.
- Borders: insert in depression between manubrium and point of right shoulder
13
Q
IM/SQ Injections
A
- Clin sig: no injections in neck or back b/c valuable parts of carcass
- give injections in neck
14
Q
Mandibular lymph ctr
A
- 6 principal nodes
- 4 accessory nodes
15
Q
Retropharyngeal ctr
A
- 2 lateral
- 1 middle
16
Q
Superficial cervical center
A
- dorsal
- middle
- ventral
17
Q
Deep cervical center
A
Along internal jugular v.
18
Q
Tracheal bronchus
A
- ventilates R cranial lobe
19
Q
Basal border
A
4-12 ICS
20
Q
Line of pleural reflection
A
6th-14th ICS
21
Q
Thoracocentesis
A
- 6th to 7th ICS
- either side
22
Q
Dorsal thoracic nodes
A
- close to aorta
- drains dorsal part of thoracic wall and mediastinum
23
Q
Ventral thoracic nodes
A
- sternal nodes
- drains ventral part of thoracic wall and 1st 2-3 pairs of mamary glands
24
Q
Cranial mediastinal nodes
A
- cranially to base of heart
- drains neck and mediastinal contents
- efferents open in veins and thoracic duct
25
Caudal mediastinal nodes
- caudally to base of heart; inconsistent
- drains adjacent structures
- efferents open in dorsal thoracic nodes and tracheobronchal nodes
26
Azygous v.
Only have 1 on the left
27
Bronchial center
- aka tracheobronchal nodes
- drains lungs, heart, and pericardium
28
Stomach
- glandular and non-glandular mucosa
- clin sig: pigs have gastric diverticulum
29
Jejunum
Mainly in R half
30
Large intestine
- sacculated
- cecum: 3 teniae; below L kidney; continous w/ colon
- colon: 2 teniae (centripetal loops); centripetal and centrifugal coils make ventrally pointed cone
31
Kidneys
- similar to humans
- in roof of abdominal cavity
32
Pelvis
- tuber ischi and body of ischium rarely unite in pigs
- this incomplete fusion = detachment of tuber ischii
33
Pelvis (female)
- suburethral diverticulum
- clin sig: makes if difficult to catheterize the bladded
34
Pelvis (males)
- dorsal urethral recess
- clin sig: hard to catheterize
35
Placentation type
Diffuse
36
Uterine tube
- looks like intestines
- clin sig: hydrosalpinx
37
Cervix
- no fornix
- continuous w/ vagina
38
Puberty @
6 mos
39
Pregnancy length
5 months
40
Type of castration used for old boars
Opened
41
Scrotum
- perineal position
- dorsocaudally pointed epidiymis tail
42
Testes and epididymis
- castration @ 2-4 days old
- castration prevents androstenone taint of flesh and skatole
43
Male reproductive organs
- no ampullae
- body and disseminate prostate
44
Penis
- sigmoid flex.
- spiral apex
45
Prepuce
- dorsal diverticulum
- contains smelly fluid made of cell debris soaked in urine that contains pheromones and is released before copulation
