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Body Fluids > Synovial Fluids > Flashcards

Synovial Fluids Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Definition

A

Fluids that fill joint spaces
Resembles egg white

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2
Q

Joint Anatomy

A

Movable joints composed cartilage and fibrous capsule lined with a membrane

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3
Q

Membrane Anatomy

A

Composed of 2 cell types
- Phagocytic cells
- Cells that secrete hyaluronic acid

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4
Q

Production of fluid

A

Ultrafiltrate of plasma (macromolecules restricted)
Hyaluronic Acid secreted into fluid

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5
Q

Hyaluronic Acid

A

Large molecular weight mucopolysaccharide
High Viscosity

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6
Q

Fluid Function

A

Lubrication of joint
Supplies nutrients to cartilage

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7
Q

Fluid Collection

A

Aseptic needle aspiration
- Arthrocentesis

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8
Q

Tubes for Collection

A

Sterile - microbiology
Heparin - Chemistry/immunology/crystals
EDTA - Cell count and differential

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9
Q

Synovial Fluid STAT

A

45 minutes

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10
Q

Synovial Fluids Appearance

A

Color
Clarity
Volume

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11
Q

Normal Color

A

Colorless or pale yellow

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12
Q

Normal Clarity

A

Clear and no clots

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13
Q

Volume

A

Varies
Normal knee = <3.5 mL

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14
Q

Counting Method

A

Same as CSF
No Acid Diluents

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15
Q

Normal TNC/cumm

A

<200

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16
Q

Normal RBC/cumm

A

<2,000

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17
Q

Normal Differential

A

Primarily Mononuclear Cells
<25% neutrophils

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18
Q

Crystal Analysis

A

Primarily Uric Acid
Calcium Pyrophosphate
Cholesterol

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19
Q

Light Analysis of Crystals

A

Polarized light
Compensated Polarized

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20
Q

Color Appearance

A

Blue or yellow depending upon type and orientation

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21
Q

Uric Acid Crystals

Study These Flashcards
A

Monosodium Urate or MSU
Needle-like
Strong negative birefringence

22
Q

Uric Acid Color with Polarized Light

Study These Flashcards
A

Parallel = yellow
Perpendicular = blue

23
Q

Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals

Study These Flashcards
A

CPPD
Rhomboid
Weak positive birefringence

24
Q

Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals Polarized Light

Study These Flashcards
A

Parallel - blue
Perpendicular - yellow

25
Viscosity
String test Mucin clot test
26
Normal Glucose
10% less than serum level
27
Normal Protein
Approx 2 g/dL
28
Normal Immunoglobulins
10% of serum levels
29
Normal Uric Acid
Equal to or less than serum level
30
Bloody, pink, red color
Traumatic Tap Hemorrhage Trauma
31
Green color
Bacterial Infection
32
Hazy or Cloudy
Increased numbers of cells, crystals, or microorganisms
33
Increased RBCs
Traumatic Tap Trauma Hemorrhage
34
Increased TNCs - Predom Neutro
Bacterial Infection Inflammation
35
Increased TNCs - Predom Lymphs
Non-septic Inflammation
36
Increased TNCs - LE cells
Associated with SLE
37
Increased TNCs - Reiter Cells
Macrophage with ingested neutrophils Infection Inflammation
38
Increased TNCs - Rice Bodies
Associated with TB and arthritis
39
Uric Acid Crystals Associated
Gout
40
Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Association
Pseudogout
41
Cholesterol Crystals Association
Increased cholesterol
42
Fluid Viscosity
Decreased in a variety of diseases
43
Microorganisms
Associated with infection
44
Glucose
>25% less than serum levels - associated with infection and/or inflammation
45
Total Protein
>4.5 g/dL associated with inflammation
46
Immunoglobulins
Associated with rheumatoid arthritis
47
Non-inflammatory Joint disease
Osteoarthritis Traumatic Arthritis
48
Inflammatory Joint Disease
Rheumatoid Arthritis SLE Gout Pseudogout
49
Infectious/Septic Joint Disease
Bacterial Fungal TB
50
Hemorrhagic Joint Disease
Hemophilia Trauma Sickle Cell Anemia

Body Fluids (6 decks)

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