Synthetic Pathways Flashcards by Betty Sajfrtova

Q

alkane to haloalkane

A

Halogen

UV light

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Q

Alkene to Haloalkane

A

Hydrogen Halide

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Q

Alkene to alkane

A

H2
ni catalyst
Heat

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Q

alkene to dihaloalkane

A

Halogen
RTP

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Q

Alkene to Alcohol

A

steam
H3PO4 catalyst
300 C
60 atm

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Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

conc H2SO4

Heat

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Q

Aldehyde to Alcohol

A

NaBH4

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Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

alcohol

20 C

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Q

Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A

acidified dichromate

reflux

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Q

Aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN

H+

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Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

dilute acid

Heat

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Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

alcohol

conc H2SO4

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Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

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Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

cold H2O

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Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

NH3 (ammonia)

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Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

primary amine

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Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H2O/HCl

heat

Q

nitrile to amine

A

H2

Ni catalyst

Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

NaCN/KCN (CN-)

ethanol

Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

ethanol

NH3

Q

hydroxynitrile to amine

A

ni catalyst
H2
high temperature
high pressure

Q

Haloalkane to Alcohol

A

NaOH

Q

Alcohol to haloalkane

A

Sodium Halide/ H2SO4

Q

Alcohol (2) to Ketone

A

Acidified dichromate

reflux

Ketone to Alcohol

NaBH4

Ketone to Hydroxynitrile

NaCN/H+

Alcohol (1) to aldehyde

Acidified dichromate | Distillation

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

H2O

Alcohol (1) to Carboxylic acid

Acidified dichromate | reflux

Alcohol to ester

Carboxylic acid conc H2SO4 OR acid anhydride

Ester to Carboxylate

OH - | Heat

Benzene to bromobenzene

Br2 | AlBr3 / FeBr3

Benzene to chlorobenzene

Cl2 | AlCl3 / FeCl3

Benzene to methylbenzene

CH3Cl | AlCl3

Benzene to benzene ketone

CH3COCl | AlCl3

benzene ketone to benzyl alcohol

NaBH4

Benzene to nitrobenzene

conc HNO3 | conc H2SO4

nitrobenzene to benzene + amine

Sn | conc HCl

Benzene + amine to 2,4,6 tribromobenzinil

Br2

Phenol to tribromophenol

Br2

Phenol to phenol salt

NaOH

Phenol to nitrophenol

dilute HNO3