systematic circulation I

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

The entire body, with exception of the
respiratory zone of the lung and the
heart- all systemic arteries arise from
its three principal regions.

Question 2

Ascending aorta

Answer 2

Rises for about 5 cm above the left
ventricle. It’s only branches are the
coronary arteries, which arise behind
two cusps of the aortic valve.

The entire body, with exception of the
respiratory zone of the lung and the
heart.

Question 3

Aortic arch

Answer 3

Curves to the left like an inverted U
superior to the heart.

The entire body, with exception of the
respiratory zone of the lung and the
heart. Three major arteries come off in
this order: brachiocephalic trunk, left
common carotid, and left subclavian.

Question 4

Descending aorta

Answer 4

Passes down posterior to the heart, at
first to the left of the vertebral column,
then anterior to it. Called thoracic aorta
above diaphragm and abdominal aorta
below it.

Chest & Abdomen- Branches to
become the common iliac arteries

Question 5

Coronary arteries

Answer 5

Located through the heart. Refer to Lab
31 in your lab manual for further detail.

Heart

Question 6

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 6

Branches off the aortic arch, and then
branches into the right common carotid
and right subclavian arteries.

Receives blood from the aortic arch;
then feeds the right side of the head via
the right common carotid and feeds the
right upper extremities via the right
subclavian artery.

Question 7

Right common carotid

Answer 7

Branches off the brachiocephalic trunk,
and moves into the head/neck, where it
branches into the internal and external
carotid

Receives blood from the
brachiocephalic trunk; then feeds the
right side of the head and neck via the
external and internal carotid.

Question 8

Right subclavian a

Answer 8

Arches over the right lung, passes
slightly superiorly to the clavicle, then
passes posteriorly to the clavicle
(DOES NOT cross over the clavicle),
and then passes downward over the
first rib. After the first rib it turns into
the axillary artery.

Receives blood from the
brachiocephalic trunk; Has one branch
into the vertebral artery, which feeds
the head; has small branches to feed the
thoracic viscera and body wall; Finally
turns into and feeds the axillary artery,
which feeds the right arm.

Question 9

Left common carotid a

Answer 9

Branches off the aortic arch, and moves
into the head/neck, where it branches
into the internal and external carotid

Receives blood from the aortic arch;
then feeds the right side of the head and
neck via the external and internal
carotid.

Question 10

Left subclavian a

Answer 10

Arches over the right lung, passes
slightly superiorly to the left clavicle,
then passes posteriorly to the left
clavicle (DOES NOT cross over the
clavicle), and then passes downward
over the first rib. After the first rib it
turns into the axillary artery.

Receives blood from the aortic arch;
Has one branch into the left vertebral
artery, which feeds the head; has small
branches to feed the thoracic viscera
and body wall; Finally turns into and
feeds the left axillary artery, which
feeds the left arm.

Question 11

Thoracic aorta

Answer 11

Begins distal to the aortic arch; ends at
the aortic hiatus, which is a passage
through the diaphragm.

Receives blood from aortic arch; part
of descending aorta, which feeds the
thoracic viscera and body wall;

Question 12

Abdominal aorta

Answer 12

Begin at the aortic hiatus, travels
through the abdomen, then branches
into the right and left common iliac
arteries

Receives blood from thoracic aorta;
part of descending aorta, which feeds
the thoracic viscera and body wall;
feeds iliac arteries;

Question 13

Intercostal aa

Answer 13

Branches from the thoracic aorta

Receives blood from thoracic aorta;
feeds intercostal muscles and space;

Question 14

Axillary a

Answer 14

Begins at the first rib where it changed
names from the subclavian to the
axillary; continues until it changes
name to the brachial artery at the neck
of the humerus;

Receives blood from the subclavian
artery; has small branches which
supply the shoulder joint and deltoid;
Feeds into the brachial artery;

Question 15

Brachial a

Answer 15

Continues down the medial and
anterior sides of the humerus and ends
just past the elbow, bifurcating (split
into two) into the radial and ulnar
arteries;

Receives blood from the axillary artery;
has branches which supply the biceps
and triceps brachii; Feeds into the
radial and ulnar arteries;

Question 16

Radial a

Answer 16

Descends the forearm laterally, along
the radius; can be palpated just lateral
to the flexor carpi radialis at the wrist
to take a pulse;

Receives blood from the brachial
artery; has branches which supply the
lateral/radial side of the forearm;
Reunites with the ulnar artery to form
the palmar arch;

Question 17

Ulnar a

Answer 17

Descends the forearm medially, along
the ulna;

Receives blood from the brachial
artery; has branches which supply the
medially/ulna side of the forearm;
Reunites with the ulnar artery to form
the palmar arch;

Question 18

Palmar arch aa

Answer 18

Arise from the anastomosis of the
radial and ulnar artery at the wrist;

There are two arches: the superficial
arch is fed mainly by the ulnar while
the deep arch is feed mainly by the
radial artery; both arches feed digital
arteries;

Question 19

Digital aa

Answer 19

Fingers

Receive blood from the palmar arch
arteries and feed the digits

Question 20

Digital vv

Answer 20

Fingers

Drain blood from the from the fingers
to the palmar arch veins;

Question 21

Palmar arch vv

Answer 21

Arise from the anastomosis of the
radial and ulnar veins at the wrist

Drain blood from the from the digital veins to the radial and ulnar veins;