Systems Exam 4 Pharm

Question 1

What do Diuretics treat?

Answer 1

HTN & CHF

Question 2

Diuretics effect & adverse effects

Answer 2

Effect- on water balance and electrolyte balance by controlling pressure and amt of fluid in CV system

Adverse- electrolyte imbalance, orthostatic hypotension, weakness, fatigue, confusion, mood swings

Question 3

What do Beta Blockers treat?

Answer 3

HTN, CHF, Arrhythmia, MI recovery, angina

Question 4

How do beta blockers work?

Answer 4

bind to the heart (BETA1) and block the effects of catecholamines (epi & nor)

Question 5

Beta Blockers Suffix

Answer 5

-olol

Question 6

Beta Blockers Effect

Answer 6

decrease HR and blunt with exercise; decrease force of contraction

Question 7

Beta Blockers Adverse Effect

Answer 7

decrease max exercise capacity
decrease max HR by 20-30
orthostatic hypotension

Question 8

Calcium Channel Blockers Effect

Answer 8

• limit calcium entry into vascular smooth muscle (& heart muscle)
• vasodilator
• controls/stabilizes heart

Question 9

What do Calcium Channel Blockers treat

Answer 9

HTN, Angina, Arrhythmias

Question 10

Calcium Channel Blockers Adverse Effect

Answer 10

-feet swelling
-orthostatic hypotension
- altered HR (can create a diff arrhythmia)

Question 11

Important thing to avoid with VASODILATORS

Answer 11

HEAT bc it leads to profound hypotension and increased BP

Question 12

Vasodilators Action

Answer 12

• act on smooth muscle by inhibiting contraction

Question 13

Vasodilators treat
Vasodilators adverse effect

Answer 13

• high bp & heart failure
• orthostatic hypotension

Question 14

Digitals treat

Answer 14

CHF

Question 15

Digitals Margin of Error

Answer 15

very small margin of error so a small increase can be FATAL

Question 16

Digitals Adverse Effects

Answer 16

Digital Toxicity: fatigue, GI distress, depression, blurry vision, confusion, arrhythmias

Question 17

Digitals Action

Answer 17

• increase myocardial contraction
• increase CO

Question 18

ACE Inhibitors

Answer 18

Cannot produce ANG II

Question 19

ACE Inhibitors Treat

Answer 19

HTN and Heart Failure

Question 20

ACE Inhibitor suffix

Answer 20

-pril

Question 21

ACE Inhibitor Adverse effect

Answer 21

dry unproductive cough

Question 22

Angiotensin II Action

Answer 22

• Vasoconstriction
• Thickens blood vessels which chokes blood flow

Question 23

Asprin Action

Answer 23

reduces blood clots
- inhibits platelet function and prevents arterial thrombo.

Question 24

Biggest risk for asprin and anticoagulants

Answer 24

hemorrhage

Question 25

Anticoagulants Action

Answer 25

prevent DVT
for overactive clotting

Question 26

Anticoagulant Heparin Speed

Answer 26

works rapidly

Question 27

Oral Anticoagulant (warfarin & coumadin)
- Speed
- Action
- Concern

Answer 27

• Takes 3-4 days
• inhibits vitamin K
• be careful with leafy greens

Question 28

Statins (liptor, zocor, crestor) Treat
Adverse Effects

Answer 28

• hyperlipidemia
• Myopathy & neuromuscular probs

Question 29

Alpha 1 Agonist function

Answer 29

Vasoconstriction
(Sympathetic)

Question 30

Alpha 2 agonist

Answer 30

Vasodilator & decrease HR
(Parasympathetic)

Question 31

Beta 1 Agonist

Answer 31

Increase HR & contractility
(Sympathetic)

Question 32

Beta 2 agonist

Answer 32

Acts on lungs
(Sympathetic)

Question 33

Borderline LDL

Answer 33

130-159

Question 34

Desirable cholesterol

Answer 34

<200

Question 35

Borderline cholesterol

Answer 35

<200-239

Question 36

High cholesterol

Answer 36

> 240

Question 37

Desirable LDL

Answer 37

<130

Question 38

Anticholinergic agents effect on hr

Answer 38

Increase resting hr

Suppress parasympathetic

Question 39

What treats angina pectoris

Answer 39

Organic nitrates
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers

Question 40

Vascular smooth muscle dilation caused by what

Answer 40

Organic nitrates