SYSTEMS OF BODY Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the muscular system?
Muscles are the flesh parts of the body that support the skeletal system, present in various areas including cheeks, arms, stomach, legs, hands, and internal organs.
What are the three types of muscles in the body?
The three types of muscles are smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and skeletal muscles.
What are smooth muscles?
Smooth muscles facilitate movement of food nutrients for the entire body and are involuntary muscles found beneath the skin and in the walls of internal organs.
What are cardiac muscles?
Cardiac muscles, or myocardium, are the muscles of the heart that pump blood through the circulatory system and are also involuntary.
What are skeletal muscles?
Skeletal muscles are the most abundant muscle type responsible for bodily movements and are voluntary muscles attached to bones by tendons.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
The skeletal system produces red blood cells, stores minerals and salts, provides attachment for muscles, offers a skeletal framework, and protects delicate organs.
How many bones are in the human body?
There are about 206 bones in the human body.
What is the axial skeleton?
The axial skeleton is composed of the skull, vertebral column, and thorax.
What is the appendicular skeleton?
The appendicular skeleton comprises the bones of the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder.
What is the integumentary system?
The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, sweat glands, oil glands, and nails.
What are the major functions of the integumentary system?
The major functions include protection against ultraviolet light, serving as a barrier against microorganisms, preventing dehydration, regulating body temperature, vitamin D production, and excretion of waste.
What organs make up the digestive system?
The organs of the digestive system include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
What is digestion?
Digestion is the process of breaking down food into simpler substances for use by body cells.
What are the two types of digestion?
The two types of digestion are mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.
What is the function of the mouth in digestion?
The mouth breaks down food by chewing and mixes it with saliva containing enzymes.
What is the esophagus?
The esophagus is a muscular tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach, serving as a passageway for food.
What is the function of the stomach?
The stomach is a J-shaped organ that receives food from the esophagus.
What is the small intestine?
The small intestine is the longest part of the digestive system and plays a crucial role in digestion and absorption of nutrients.
What is the large intestine?
The large intestine makes feces and removes excess water from it.
What comprises the circulatory system?
The circulatory system comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
The main function is to carry oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells and remove waste products.
What is the heart’s role in the circulatory system?
The heart pumps blood throughout the body and consists of four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.
What are blood vessels?
Blood vessels are tubes that carry blood throughout the body, including arteries and veins.
What is blood composed of?
Blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
