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Question 1

Thyroid hormone stimulates

Answer 1

Fat metabolism

Question 2

Hyperthyroidism one might see

Answer 2

Loss of muscle mass, Hi anxiety, exophthalmos, A high metabolic rate

Question 3

Goitrogenic substances found in cabbage,
An autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland,
Inadequate iodine in diet
A genetic defect TRH receptors

All of the following above cause what?

Answer 3

Hypothyroidism

Question 4

Thyroid Hormones mechanism of action is similar to

Answer 4

Steroids

Question 5

Thyroid hormones help the body cope with a cold environment by

Answer 5

Stimulating ATP production, appetite, the number and size of mitochondria

Question 6

The ability of the thyroid gland to respond temperature of the environment is dependent on

Answer 6

Of the hypothalamus to detect changes in body temperature

Question 7

Myxedema is a sign of

Answer 7

Hyperthyroidism

Question 8

Hormones which act inside a cell must be

Answer 8

Lipid soluble

Question 9

Thyroxin

Answer 9

Is the major form of thyroid hormone which regulates the blood

Question 10

To make thyroid hormones the thyroid follicle cell must

Answer 10

Be able to trap iodine
Oxidize iodine
Make thyroglobulin
Cleave t3 and t4

Question 11

Hormones act on which cells

Answer 11

Only the cells that have receptors for them

Question 12

Steroid hormones and thyroid hormones

Answer 12

Have similar mechanism of action,
Act inside cell
Influence gene transcription

Question 13

Pro opiomelanocortin is produced by the

Answer 13

Anterior pituitary as a precursor for ACTH , endorphins, and MSH

Question 14

Which of the following elevates mood and decreases sensitivity to pain

Answer 14

Endorphins

Question 15

individuals with high levels of cortisol receptors above the waist and High levels of insulin receptors below the waist is likely to have a body shape that resembles

Answer 15

A pear (gynoid)

Question 16

Which of the following is not a symptom of cushings disease

Answer 16

Low blood pressure

Question 17

A pheochromocytoma that produces epinephrine, dopamine, and norepinephrine will cause

Answer 17

Heart palpitations, high anxiety, abdominal pain, and nausea

Question 18

Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors differ from each other in that

Answer 18

Alpha and beta receptors activate different 2nd messenger systems

Question 19

Epinephrine stimulates

Answer 19

The rate of blood coagulation

Question 20

Which of the following is a response mediated by Alpha adrenergic receptor’s

Answer 20

Vasoconstriction

Question 21

Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

Answer 21

Often mediate opposite responses,
can be blocked by different compounds,
can be found on the same cells in different propositions

Question 22

When Norepinephrine acts as a hormone

Answer 22

It has more enzymes acting to destroy it then it has as a neurotransmitter

Question 23

Insulin and GH synergize in their actions on

Answer 23

Metabolism of protein,
DNA,
CHO,
fat

Question 24

Pancreatic somatostatin suppresses

Answer 24

Insulin secretion

Question 25

Glucagon stimulates

Answer 25

Insulin secretion

Question 26

Which of the following does not stimulate glucagon secretion

Answer 26

High blood glucose

Question 27

Which of the following stimulates insulin secretion

Answer 27

Digestive tract hormones, the Vegas nerve in response to thoughts of food, AA

Question 28

Symptoms of high blood glucose , acidosis, rapid weight loss and irrational behavior are most typical of

Answer 28

Diabetes type one insulin dependent

Question 29

Diabetes type 2

Answer 29

Is due to a post receptor defect is response to insulin

Question 30

In the pre diabetic state, a person with diabetes type 2 is likely to experience

Answer 30

a tendency to gain weight easily

Question 31

Insulin does what?

Answer 31

Lowers blood glucose levels

Question 32

When rising thyroid hormones act in negative feedback on TSH secretion

Answer 32

Act on the anterior pituitary

Question 33

``` Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Pan hypo pituitary conditions Excess prolactin All of the above will cause problems with what? ```

Answer 33

Reproductive problems

Question 34

The hypothalamus synthesizes

Answer 34

CRH

Question 35

A child born without a functioning thyroid gland

Answer 35

Needs to be supplemented with thyroid hormone to avoid severe growth and mental retardation

Question 36

Thyroid hormones enter what and do what?

Answer 36

Enter cell and regulate gene expression

Question 37

The rate limiting step in cortisol production is

Answer 37

Cholesterol side chain cleavage

Question 38

Which of the following are 21 carbon steroids

Answer 38

Progestins

Question 39

Which of the following is the precursor for all of the others

Answer 39

Cholesterol

Question 40

The zona glomerulosa produces

Answer 40

Aldosterone

Question 41

Aldosterone secretion is directly stimulated by angiotensin 2

Answer 41

Angiotensin 2

Question 42

Rennin is secreted in response to

Answer 42

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney

Question 43

Aldosterone stimulates

Answer 43

K+ secretion in urine

Question 44

Atrial Naturetic hormone stimulates what?

Answer 44

The secretion of Na+ in urine

Question 45

Corticotrophin is produced by the

Answer 45

Anterior pituitary

Question 46

Atrial natriuretic hormone is produced by the

Answer 46

Heart

Question 47

If the liver is diseased and unable to metabolize aldosterone

Answer 47

Elevated blood levels of aldosterone will contribute to hypertension

Question 48

Renin production is stimulated by

Answer 48

Low blood pressure sensed by juxtaglomerular cells

Question 49

In the total absence of Cortisol and aldosterone

Answer 49

Severe loss of blood volume will lead to circulatory shock

Question 50

On a boring day the highest levels of cortisol will be observed when?

Answer 50

7-8 am before breakfast

Question 51

Pain or injury, emotional stress, cytokines produced by the immune system Will stimulate what?

Answer 51

Cortisol secretion

Question 52

Excessively high levels of cortisol

Answer 52

Suppress the activity of the immune system

Question 53

Cortisol exerts negative feedback action on the

Answer 53

Limbic system Hypothalamus Anterior pituitary

Question 54

Theca interna cells secrete

Answer 54

Androgens

Question 55

Insulin stimulates

Answer 55

Lipogenesis

Question 56

Which of the following can bind to aldosterone receptors

Answer 56

Cortisol aldosterone progesterone