T Cell Activation and Memory

Question 1

Cytotoxic T cells primary function

Answer 1

Kill virus-infected cells

Question 2

T helper 1 cells primary function

Answer 2

Activate macrophages

Question 3

T helper 2 cells primary function

Answer 3

Provide help to B cells for antibody production, particularly IgE switching

Question 4

T helper 17 cells primary function

Answer 4

Enhance neutrophil response

Question 5

T regulatory cells primary function

Answer 5

Suppress T cell responses

Question 6

3 signals required to activate naive T cells

Answer 6

T cell receptor signaling
Costimulatory interaction
Cytokine signaling

Question 7

T cell anergy

Answer 7

Inactivation of T cell that occurs when naive T cell is engaged only through T cell receptor

Question 8

2 types of antigen presenting cells whose activation is mediated by pattern recognition receptors

Answer 8

Dendritic cells and macrophages

Question 9

Only type of antigen presenting cell that activates naive T cells

Answer 9

Dendritic cells

Question 10

Major type of costimulatory receptor on naive T cells

Answer 10

CD28

Question 11

Costimulatory molecule on antigen presenting cell that binds CD28

Answer 11

B7

Question 12

Where T cell activation happens

Answer 12

Secondary lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, etc.)

Question 13

Steps of T helper cell activation

Answer 13

1. T cell receptors bind MHC bound antigen on antigen presenting cells and CD28 binds B7 on APC to deliver a co-signal
2. T helper cells secrete IL2
3. T helper cells proliferate, making many copies with same specificity
4. Polarizing cytokines drive differentiation of T helper cell

Question 14

Polarizing cytokine for TH1 cells

Answer 14

IL12

Question 15

Polarizing cytokine for TH2 cells

Answer 15

IL4

Question 16

Polarizing cytokine for TH17 cells

Answer 16

IL23

Question 17

Polarizing cytokine for Treg cells

Answer 17

TGF beta

Question 18

Polarizing cytokine for T follicular helper cells

Answer 18

IL21

Question 19

T follicular helper cell function

Answer 19

Activation of B cells in germinal centers

Question 20

Cytokine that T helper 1 cells secrete that activates macrophages

Answer 20

IFN gamma

Question 21

Cytokines that T helper 2 and T follicular helper cells secrete that regulate isotype switching

Answer 21

IL4 and IL5

Question 22

Proinflammatory cytokine produced by T helper 17 cells that recruits neutrophils

Answer 22

IL17

Question 23

T cytotoxic cell activation is carried out by which cells?

Answer 23

T helper 1 and 17 cells

Question 24

3 signals that drive T cytotoxic cell activation

Answer 24

TCR engagement with MHC class I and antigen
Costimulatory molecule binding
IL2 stimulation

Question 25

Perforin

Answer 25

Cytotoxin released by T cytotoxic cells that polymerizes on cell membrane to form a pore

Question 26

Granzymes

Answer 26

Cytotoxin released by T cytotoxic cells

Serine protease that cleaves proteins on target cell membrane

Question 27

Lymphotoxin alpha

Answer 27

Cytotoxin released by T cytotoxic cells

Induces cell death by apoptosis