T Cell receptors and MHC Complex-Diebel

Question 1

CD-28 from T cell binds with ?

Answer 1

B7 (CD80-86) on APC

Question 2

Th1’s are polarized by?

Answer 2

IL-12, IL-18, IFN-gama

Question 3

Cytokines produced by Th1’s:

Answer 3

IFN-gama (most important), TNF

Question 4

INF-gama does what?

Answer 4

induces ANGRY macrophages

induces more Th1s

pro-inflammatory agent

Question 5

Angry macrophages produce which cytokines?

Answer 5

TNF-a

IL-1

Question 6

Th17 polarized by ?

Answer 6

TGF-beta, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-23

Question 7

Cytokines produced by Th17’s ?

Answer 7

IL-17, IL-22

Question 8

Main job of Th17 ?

Answer 8

Inflammation

integrity of mucosal surfaces

Question 9

Th2’s polarized by ?

Answer 9

IL-4

Question 10

Cytokines produced by Th2’s ?

What do they do?

Answer 10

IL-4

IL-5

IL-13

Activate M2 Macs—-healing and debris removal

Question 11

What other type of leukocyte is IL-4 a chemotactic factor for?

Answer 11

eosinophils

Question 12

Tfh’s are polarized by?

Answer 12

IL-6

IL-21

Question 13

Cytokines produced by Thf’s and what do they do?

Answer 13

IL-4, IL-21

cells migrate to lymph node follicles and encourage differentiation of B-cells depending on where they are located and which Ig’s are needed

Question 14

Treg’s are polarized by?

Answer 14

IL-2, TGF-beta

Question 15

Treg’s produce which cytokines and what do they do?

Answer 15

IL-10, TGF-beta

turn off other Th’s

1 Treg can suppress 1,000 other Th cells

Question 16

Transcriptional regulator T-bet –> ?

Answer 16

Th1

Question 17

Transcriptional regulator GATA3 –> ?

Answer 17

Th2

Question 18

Transcriptional regulator RORgamat –> ?

Answer 18

Th17

Question 19

Transcriptional regulator Bcl-6 –> ?

Answer 19

Tfh

Question 20

Transcriptional regulator FOXP3 –> ?

Answer 20

Treg

Question 21

What are the players in the “kiss of death” from CD8’s?

Answer 21

Fas (CD95) on infected cell and FAS ligand (CD95L) on CD8 —> leads to apoptosis of target cell

**CTL’s also kill by release of lytic granules (perlorins and granzymes)

Question 22

CTL’s (CD8+) are activated where and how?

Answer 22

Lymph nodes

contact with antigen-bearing DC’s and help from Th1’s via IL-2 and INF-gama

Question 23

What does “antigen specific and MHC-restricted” mean?

Answer 23

T-cell only recognized genetically identical (self) MHC’s

Question 24

What is meant by “cross presentation” on dendritic cells?

Answer 24

Some phagocytized antigen is allowed to leak into the intrinsic pathway and be presented on MHC 1 as well as the normal MHC 2 presentation at the same time

Question 25

What needs to happen for Macrophages to express MHC II?

Answer 25

Must be activated by phagocytosis **Dendrites constituitively express high levels of MHC II. **B-cells also constitutively express MHC II

Question 26

TCR is structurally reminiscent of ?

Answer 26

Fab region of an antibody have 1 C and 1 V region, alpha/beta or gama/delta for both domains

Question 27

Genetic make up of TCRs? Where does this happen?

Answer 27

receptors are made out of V, D, and J regions of both T-cell genes Happens in the thymus

Question 28

That actual signal that turns a T cell on is transmitted through?

Answer 28

CD3

Question 29

Co-factors in the TCR-MHC interaction:

Answer 29

T-cell APC CD28 --------- B7 (CD80/86) LFA-1 ------------- ICAM-1 CD2 ---------------- LFA-3

Question 30

V, J encodes for which chain of the TCR?

Answer 30

alpha chain

Question 31

V, D, J encodes for which chain of the TCR?

Answer 31

Beta chain

Question 32

Somatic mutations are present in TCR gene rearrangement, what enzymes are involved?

Answer 32

TdT adding up to 6 nucleotides at junctions between V-D-J junctions ***NO hypermutation in TCRs once they leave the thymus they are locked in

Question 33

More diversity in MHC I's or II's? **review the PPT (DP, DQ, DR)

Answer 33

II's I's have a constant Beta chain

Question 34

HLA-B27 increases __________ risk by 90%.

Answer 34

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 35

HLA-DR2 linked to :

Answer 35

narcolepsy MS hay fever SLE

Question 36

HLA-A3/B14 linked to :

Answer 36

hemochromatosis

Question 37

HLA-DQ2/GQ8 linked to :

Answer 37

Celiac disease

Question 38

HLA-DR3 linked to :

Answer 38

DM1, Grave's Disease

Question 39

HLA-DR4 linked to :

Answer 39

RA, DM1

Question 40

HLA-B53 linked to :

Answer 40

protection against childhood malaria

Question 41

Each cell can produce how many different MHC I's?

Answer 41

6

Question 42

Each cell can produce how many different MHC II's?

Answer 42

12