T cell subsets and lymphoid cells

Question 1

What are the different types of T cells?

Answer 1

Regulatory,Helper(CD4+) , cytotoxic(CD8+) and memory T cells

Question 2

What type of T cell is expressed straight form the thymus without any differentiation?

Answer 2

CD8+ and CD4+

Question 3

What are some examples of differentiation state?

Answer 3

Naive,CTL,Exhausted , Memory ,Angeric,TH1,TH2

Question 4

What is signal 1?

Answer 4

For a T cell to be activated it must receive signal one .This signal is occur when there is an interaction between MHC molecule binding to a TCR with a peptide on the surface of the T cell.

Question 5

What is signal 2?

Answer 5

In signal 2 they need secondary signal to be activated completely. In the T helper cell has CD28 that binds to B7.T his causes the production of CTLA-4 which controls the immune response.
CD8+ requires signal from co-stimulatory molecules CD70 or 41BB.
Additionally, you need additional ligand to be activated such as ICOS,4-1BB and OX40.

Question 6

What is the major cytokine that drive TH1?

Answer 6

IL-12

Question 7

What is the major cytokine that drive TH2?

Answer 7

IL-4

Question 8

What is the major cytokine produced from TH1 ?

Answer 8

IFN gamma

Question 9

What is TH1 transcription factor?

Answer 9

TBet

Question 10

What id TH2 transcription factor for TH2?

Answer 10

GATA-3

Question 11

TH17 mainly produce IL-17 but what cytokine polarises TH17?

Answer 11

IL23

Question 12

What does TH17 do?

Answer 12

IL-17 promotes inflammtion in humans,psoriasis but they are effective for fungi,promotes gut health