T OR F

Question 1

Iron is thought to be the primary nutrient limiting the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the sea

Answer 1

FALSE. DOC is generally thought to be limiting.

Question 2

At any given time, about 20% of marine bacteria may be infected by viruses.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

The turnover time for a nutrient in seawater decreases as the concentration increases.

Answer 3

FALSE. Turnover time increases.

Question 4

The ‘microbial loop’ is considered a major pathway of carbon transport to crustacean zooplankton.

Answer 4

False. Most C is burned up in respiration.

Question 5

Food chains tend to be longer in more oligotrophic environments.

Answer 5

False:tend to be shorter

Question 6

UV-B radiation is used to refer to wavelength between 320 nm and 380 nm

Answer 6

FALSE. 290-330 nm.

Question 7

Dissolved free amino acid concentrations in seawater are typically in nM range.

Answer 7

TRUE.

Question 8

Changes in viral abundance are correlated to changes in bacterial abundance.

Answer 8

TRUE.

Question 9

The process of conversion of ammonium to nitrate is nitrification.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

Viruses infecting cyanobacteria belong to a group of viruses called the Cytophagales.

Answer 10

FALSE. cytophagales are bacteria. Viruses infecting cyanobacteria are called cyanophages.

Question 11

In coastal water that maximum wavelength of light penetration is shifted to longer wavelengths.

Answer 11

TRUE.

Question 12

Heterotrophic bacteria assimilation efficiences of carbon are highest when C:N of substrates are also highest.

Answer 12

False. C assimilations efficiencies are lower when C:N ratio is high.

Question 13

Oceanic gyres south of the equator rotate counterclockwise

Answer 13

True

Question 14

The phytoplankton C:chl ratio should be higher at the subsurface chl maximum than at the surface.

Answer 14

False: lower light means more Chl is produced, so C:Chl should be lower.

Question 15

Relative to phytoplankton, the ratio of N to C is greater in heterotrophic bacteria.

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

Grazing rates of ciliates are typically higher than grazing rates of heterotrophic flagellates.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

The viral shunt describes the process of respiration that is caused by the lysis of bacteria by viruses

Answer 17

False. The viral shunt is the process whereby cellular C and other nutrients are released by viral lysis and make available for incorporation by other cellular organisms.

Question 18

A chl concentration of 5mg/L is reasonable for the Strait of Georgia.

Answer 18

no. 5 ug.

Question 19

Net primary production and bacterial production are typically about equal in the open ocean.

Answer 19

False, primary production exceeds bacterial production.

Question 20

A reasonable estimate of C in a Synechococcus cell is 250 fg.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

All wavelengths of light are attenuated more quickly in coastal waters than in clear, oligotrophic water

Answer 21

True

Question 22

16s rDNA amplicon sequencing is a good way to examine function potential in a bacterial community

Answer 22

False, it give taxonomic profiling, which is not a good indicator of function.

Question 23

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is a MARKER GENE that is used to look at the diversity of RNA viruses.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Protist grazing is largely a carbon and energy sink, rather than a link in the marine food web.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Cold core rings in the NH rotate in a clockwise direction

Answer 25

False: rotate CCW.

Question 26

The microbial carbon pump, "pumps" DOC from surface to the deeper water.

Answer 26

False the MCP is a proposed mechanism that concentrated DOC in the water by using the labile DOC and leaving behind the recalcitrant DOC.

Question 27

A lysogenic life style is favoured under oligotrophic conditions.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Free ribosomes exist in seawater.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Picornavirales are a group of RNA viruses

Answer 29

True

Question 30

On balance, bacterial production is considered to be more important as a link than a sink for carbon transfer in marine foodwebs.

Answer 30

False, considered more of a sink.

Question 31

Bacterial Gross Growth efficiency increases as the C:N ratio of the substrate increases.

Answer 31

False, it decreases.

Question 32

Clearance rates for ciliates are usually much greater than those of flagellates.

Answer 32

True.

Question 33

Oceanic food chains are typically shorter than coastal ones.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

The geographic distribution of viruses infecting the genera Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus are similar.

Answer 34

False, viruses infecting proc. are generally not detectable in temperate water.

Question 35

Phycoerythrin should be the dominant pigment in Syn found in the Strait of Georgia.

Answer 35

False, should be phycocyanin.

Question 36

There would be a seasonal deep-chlorophyll maximum in the tropical waters of the South Pacific

Answer 36

False, the DCM would be permanent

Question 37

The proportion of C respired is greater for high C:N ratio substrates than low C:N ratio substrates.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

Assuming everything else is the same, the C:Chlorophyll ratio of phytoplankton will be greater under low light that under high light.

Answer 38

False, more chl is produced under low light, so the ratio will be lower.