T7 (Climatic Change / Energy) Case Studies Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in T7 (Climatic Change / Energy) Case Studies Deck (13)
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1
Q

Dominant Oil Supplier

A

Middle East

  • 60% global oil reserves
  • (USA consumes over 200mn barrels a day but has less than 2%)
  • Those who need oil must ensure Middle East political stability - maintain political links and economically cooperate with them
2
Q

Conflict over Oil and Gas Reserves

A

Scramble for the Arctic

  • 1/4 undiscovered gas and oil: 90bn barrels (85% offshore)
  • 1982: UN Law of the Sea Convention
3
Q

Energy Source Choice

A
Brazil
- Oil 48% energy, HEP 35% - biofuel
France
- 42% Nuclear, Oil 36%
- limited reserves: 0.01% global fossil fuel
China
- 89% coal and oil - coal 67% - NIC
- Three Gorges Dam
- 13% global coal reserves = cheapest
4
Q

Energy Conservation: Housing

A

BedZed

  • London borough, 99homes, built 2000/2
  • cars discouraged (milage 65% less)
  • Heating requirements 88% less UK average, electric 25% less (solar panels)
  • south facing triple glazed good insulation
5
Q

Global Warming Impacts: Ecosystems

A

Coral Reefs

  • susceptible to sea water temp change
  • 30% Asia’s corals gone in 30years
  • 1997 galapagos islands sea warm = coral bleaching
6
Q

Global Warming Impacts Case Study 1

A

UK

  • winter deaths decline - 20,000 a year
  • summer deaths increase to 2800 a year
  • disease increase, malaria possibility
  • flood risk, air pollutants and ozone
7
Q

Global Warming Impacts Case Study 2

A

Maldives

  • 3m seawall around capital Male storm surge protection
  • 80% islands just 1m above sea level
  • sea level rise up to 90cm next 100 years
  • dead corals = exposed to sea
  • high sea temps = corals bleached = loss natural defence
  • Main industries (fishing and tourist) under threat
  • pumping sand onto island to stop
  • turtles threatened loss habitat
  • trying to create artificial coral reefs (coral grow on steel rods) - does little
  • new city 2m asl being created
  • potential if disappear buy land abroad or built entirely over water
8
Q

Views on Climate Change

A

Al Gore
- climate change a human caused emergency: need to recognise crisis
Bjom Lomborg
- Problems local and related to poverty: weak data but agrees humans adding
Stern Report
- a threat with high risks and time running out

9
Q

Strategies for dealing with climate change: Climate Crusaders

A

Cold Play

  • “xandy” funded forestry project in Mexico
  • financed planting of 10,000 mango trees in India
10
Q

Strategies for dealing with climate change: Businesses

A

BA

  • 2006 customers asked to pay for cost of offsetting carbon produced by flight
  • 2007 Greenpeace offered BA passengers train tickets few took up offer
11
Q

Strategies for dealing with climate change: Local Government

A

London’s Congestion Charge

  • 2003: £8 a day to drive in central London
  • encourage public transport: £170mn invested in 2 years
  • Traffic down 15%, congestion 30%
12
Q

Strategies for dealing with climate change: National

A

European Emissions Trading System (ETS)

  • 14,000 factories given credits to emit certain carbon levels
  • manufacturing now out of europe
  • polluters build credit reserves
13
Q

Strategies for dealing with climate change: International

A

2015 Paris Agreement

  • Obama promised cut emissions 26% 2005 to 2025
  • Chinese promised peak emissions by 2030
  • EU 40% cut by 2030 based on 90s levels