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1
Q

What is the definition of pharmaceutical tablets?

A

Pharmaceutical tablets are solid, flat or biconvex dishes, unit dosage form, prepared by compressing a drug or a mixture of drugs, with or without diluents.

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2
Q

What are the three main types of dosage forms?

A
  • Solid: Tablets, capsules, powders
  • Semi-solid: Ointments, creams, pastes, gels
  • Liquid: Syrups, linctus, suspension, emulsion
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3
Q

List two advantages of tablets related to production aspects.

A
  • Large scale production cost is low
  • High stability
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4
Q

What is a disadvantage of tablets for certain patient populations?

A

Difficult to swallow for pediatric, geriatric, and unconscious patients.

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5
Q

Name two types of oral tablets.

A
  • Compressed tablets
  • Sustained Release Tablets
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6
Q

What is the first step in the tablet manufacturing process?

A

Issuing of raw materials

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7
Q

What is granulation in tablet formulation?

A

Granulation is a process where small particles adhere together by forming bonds and resulting in the formulation of large aggregates called granules.

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8
Q

What does dry granulation involve?

A

Formation of tablet by first converting the tablet formulation into slugs or compact masses.

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9
Q

What is a disadvantage of dry granulation?

A

Dusting problems and uniform distribution of color might not be achieved.

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10
Q

What is wet granulation?

A

Wet granulation is a technique that involves the usage of a volatile granulating fluid to form compact masses without using a compactor.

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11
Q

What are the two methods of dry granulation?

A
  • Slugging
  • Roller Compaction
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12
Q

True or False: Capping refers to the complete separation of the upper or lower segment of a tablet.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the purpose of disintegration testing?

A

To break down tablets into fragments and facilitate diffusion.

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14
Q

What is the maximum percentage difference allowed during weight variation testing for a tablet weighing 150 mg?

A

5%

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15
Q

What is the purpose of tablet coating?

A

To mask unpleasant organoleptic properties, provide protection to the drug, control drug release, and provide product identification.

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16
Q

What is the final step in sugar coating of tablets?

A

Polishing

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The technique of _______ is used to measure tablet hardness.

A

Monsanto

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18
Q

What is the purpose of using excipients in tablet formulation?

A

To promote the flow of tablet granules by reducing the friction between the particles.

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19
Q

What is the disintegration time for effervescent tablets?

A

2 minutes

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20
Q

How is the dissolution rate of a drug from a tablet defined?

A

The amount of drug substance that goes into the solution per unit time under standardized conditions.

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21
Q

What are the physical characteristics measured during tablet evaluation?

A
  • Size & Shape
  • Organoleptic properties (Color, Odor, Taste)
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22
Q

What is the acceptable weight variation limit for tablets according to USP?

A

No more than 2 tablets are outside the percentage limit.

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23
Q

Which apparatus is used for dissolution testing?

A
  • Apparatus 1 (Basket Type)
  • Apparatus 2 (Paddle Type)
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24
Q

What is the temperature maintained during dissolution testing?

A

37 ± 0.5 °C

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25
What is the purpose of the Roche Friabilitor?
To check if the tablet is able to withstand the abrasion on packaging, shipping, and handling.
26
What is the effect of sugar coating on tablet weight?
Increases up to 50-100% of the weight.
27
What materials are commonly used for sealing in sugar coating?
* Shellac * Zinc * Polyvinyl
28
Name one of the main objectives of tablet coating.
To provide physical, chemical and mechanical protection to the drug.
29
True or False: Tablets used for implantation are classified as oral tablets.
False
30
What is the primary purpose of sugar coating in tablet formulation?
To provide product identification and enhance appearance ## Footnote Sugar coating involves multiple steps and can increase tablet weight by 50-100%
31
What is the first step in sugar coating?
Sealing / Water proofing ## Footnote This step creates a moisture barrier and ensures tablet cores are dried and free of solvents.
32
What chemicals are commonly used for sealing in sugar coating?
* Shellac * Zine * Polyvinyl acetate phthalate * HPMC
33
What is the purpose of sub coating in sugar coating?
To start sugar coating and round tablet edges ## Footnote This involves applying gum-based solutions followed by dusting with powder.
34
What is the function of smoothing/syruping in sugar coating?
To smoothen surface irregularities and increase tablet size ## Footnote Final coating is done with clear syrup.
35
What materials are used for polishing sugar-coated tablets?
* Beeswax * Carnuba wax * Candellia wax * Hard paraffin wax
36
What is film coating?
A single step process that applies a polymer film to the tablet surface ## Footnote This adds 2-5% weight to the final tablet.
37
What are the ideal properties of an enteric coating?
* Resistance to gastric fluids * Permeable to intestinal fluids * Non-toxic and easy to apply
38
What is the main role of diluents in tablet formulation?
To increase dosage form volume or weight ## Footnote Diluents are used when the drug itself is inadequate to produce bulk.
39
Which diluent is known for its low cost and potential chemical incompatibility?
Lactose ## Footnote Lactose can undergo Maillard reaction with amine drugs.
40
What are superdisintegrants?
Substances that swell rapidly when in contact with water to facilitate tablet breakdown ## Footnote They can swell up to tenfold within 30 seconds.
41
What is the purpose of lubricants in tablet formulation?
To reduce friction during compression ## Footnote Hydrophobic lubricants are commonly used.
42
What are anti-adherants used for in tablet manufacturing?
To avoid sticking to die walls and picking by punches
43
What is the function of coloring agents in pharmaceuticals?
To produce a distinctive appearance and protect photo labile components ## Footnote Only FDA approved colors can be used.
44
What is the main goal of sweeteners in tablet formulation?
To mask unpleasant taste and sweeten oral dosage forms
45
Fill in the blank: An excipient is an _______ substance used in the formulation of pharmaceutical products.
inactive
46
Which of the following is a non-enteric film former?
* Ethyl cellulose * HPMC * Methyl hydroxyl cellulose
47
What can cause the 'orange peel effect' in tablet coating?
High solution viscosity and inadequate spreading of coating solution ## Footnote Rapid drying can also contribute.
48
True or False: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the stomach.
False
49
What is the concentration range for PVP as a binder?
2% ## Footnote PVP is commonly used in both dry and wet forms.
50
What is the role of plasticizers in coating formulations?
To modify the physical properties of the polymer ## Footnote They decrease film brittleness and change flexibility.
51
What is the primary purpose of disintegrants in tablet formulations?
To facilitate breakdown and fast dissolution of the tablet
52
What is a key characteristic of ideal excipients for tablets?
Physiologically inert and compatible with drugs ## Footnote They should also be stable and non-toxic.
53
What does 'die table' refer to?
The portion holding die ## Footnote The die table is a component in tablet manufacturing that holds the die used for shaping tablets.
54
Aquateric is known as _______.
Aqueous enteric coating
55
By which method is the angle of repose calculated?
Fixed funnel or free standing cone method
56
Which diluent has no reaction with most drugs?
Anhydrous lactose
57
What is the recommended drying temperature for wet granulation mass containing acacia and tragacanth?
Above 37 degree
58
Sugartab is the brand name of _______.
Mannitol
59
Why is mannitol preferred in chewable tablets?
Shows pleasant feel in mouth
60
Why is clay not commonly used as a disintegrant?
Both B & C ## Footnote Clay hydrolyzes the tablet and destroys it, which is why it is not preferred.
61
Concentration level of starch as a disintegrant is _______.
3-15%
62
After drying, povidone film becomes _______.
Clear, glossy, hard
63
Which form of Eudragit isn’t applicable?
Semisolid
64
PEG (900-800) high molecular weight at room temperature are _______.
Waxy
65
In which tablet preparation is a diluent not necessary?
Diazepam
66
Floating tablets are designed to _______.
Slow dissolution in stomach
67
Which of the following is used for polishing of sugar-coated tablets?
Carnauba wax
68
Which of the following is a hydrophobic binder?
Ethyl Cellulose
69
Dissolution test apparatus as per IP is _______.
Paddle
70
What is the first stage of wetting on addition of a granulating fluid?
Capillary state
71
What is Primogel?
Hydro gelling polymer for gel formation
72
Which industrial dryer is used to dry tablet granules?
Fluidized dryer
73
If the Carr’s index of a powder is 10%, then the powder flow is _______.
Good
74
Choose the correct excipient to enhance the solubility of a tablet.
PEG
75
Slugging is a part of which granulation?
Dry
76
What is the function of sealing in sugar coating?
Protect tablet from moisture
77
In sugar coating, what is the step after sealing?
Sub coating
78
In which step are colorants added in sugar coating?
Syruping
79
CAP is _______.
Hygroscopic
80
Enteric acrylate polymers include Eudragit L and Eudragit S, which are soluble in _______.
pH 6-8
81
HPMCP are more stable than CAP and dissolve at low pH, while acrylate dissolves at _______.
Low pH

Pharmaceutics (1 decks)

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